Mukamva 'kuponyedwa mchenga wokutidwa ndi utomoni', anthu ambiri nthawi yomweyo amajambula zigoba zowoneka bwino za midadada ya injini kapena ma valve. Ndicho chithunzi cha buku. Koma m’sitolo, nthawi zambiri simakhala aukhondo choncho. Zowona zake ndikukambirana kosalekeza pakati pa utomoni wamchenga, kapangidwe kake, ndi kukulitsa kwamphamvu kwa mchenga womwewo. Obwera kumene ambiri, ngakhale ogula ena, amaganiza kuti ndi mchenga wobiriwira chabe. Lingaliro lolakwika limenelo limabweretsa nthaŵi zoŵaŵa, ndi zodula, kuphunzira.
Kusamvetsetsana Kwachikulu: Sikuti Kungokhala Kuvala
Mawu oti 'kutikita' ndi pafupifupi kusocheretsa. Zimatanthawuza kusanjika. Pochita, phenolic kapena furan resin si chipolopolo chabe; ndiye matrix onse. Njira yochiritsira - kaya ndi bokosi lotentha, bokosi lofunda, kapena bokosi lozizira - limalamula chilichonse kuyambira kukhazikika mpaka kusinthika kwa gasi panthawi yothira. Ndawonapo mashopu akudumpha pamlingo wa resin kuti apulumutse mtengo, koma pamapeto pake amakhala ndi nkhungu zomwe zimaphwanyidwa ndikuzigwira kapena, choyipitsitsa, zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mitsempha pamalo oponyera. Malo okoma ndi olondola, ndipo amasintha malinga ndi alloy. Mwachitsanzo, ndi ma aloyi a nickel apamwamba, muyenera kusamala kwambiri pochotsa sulfure kuchokera kuzinthu zina za utomoni.
Apa ndipamene zimafunika kukhala ndi chidziwitso cha nthawi yayitali pa maziko a ntchito zonse. Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zaka makumi atatu akupanga ndi kupanga makina, mwachiwonekere anawotcha ndi utomoni wokwanira ndi mchenga kuti apange mikangano yoyenera. Samangogula mchenga wokutidwa kale pa alumali; iwo akhoza kusintha mapangidwe a ntchito zinazake. Mukakhala mukugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali chonchi, mumapeza laibulale yoyambitsa-ndi-zotsatira: utomoni uwu wokhala ndi kagawo kakang'ono kamchenga ka pampu yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri umatulutsa kutha kwachitsuloku, koma pamabulaketi achitsulo opangidwa ndi mipanda yopyapyala, pamafunika chothandizira china ndi nthawi yofulumira.
Mapangidwe otsegulira ndi polowera mchenga wamchenga ndi chilombo china kwathunthu. Chifukwa nkhunguyo ndi yolimba komanso yosasunthika poyerekeza ndi mchenga wobiriwira, mpweya wotuluka umakhala ndi njira zochepa. Simungathe kudalira porosity ya nkhungu. Ndinaphunzira izi movutirapo kale, ndikupangira njira yolowera zitsulo zingapo za carbon steel flanges. Geometry inali yosavuta, choncho ndinagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera ntchito. Zotsatira zake sizinali zobowola modabwitsa, koma kutsekeka kosalekeza, kocheperako pamwamba pa zoponyeramo - gas micro-pinholing. Kukonzekera sikunali mpweya wochulukirapo, koma ganiziraninso kwathunthu momwe chitsulocho chinalowera m'bowo kuti chilimbikitse kudzazidwa kwa bata. Ndi zolephera zobisika izi zomwe zimalekanitsa malo ogulitsa ntchito ndi akatswiri.
Kugwirizana Kwazinthu: Kumene Aloyi Imalamulira Njirayi
Ponena za ma alloys, iyi ndi mphambano yofunika kwambiri. Kuponyera mchenga wokutidwa ndi resin sizinthu zamtundu umodzi pazitsulo zilizonse. Imawala pazitsulo, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka mindandanda yachinyengo ya QSY, monga cobalt ndi faifi tambala. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa nkhungu imapereka kulondola kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kumaliza kwabwino kwa ma alloys omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pambuyo pake. Koma dongosolo la utomoni liyenera kusankhidwa kuti zisawonongeke. Kuthira chitsulo chochuluka cha manganese mu nkhungu yokhala ndi chemistry yolakwika yowononga utomoni kumatha kupangitsa kuti khungu likhale loyipa kwambiri, kutembenuza chitsulo milimita yoyamba kukhala cholimba, chosayerekezeka.
Kwa chitsulo chosungunuka, makamaka chitsulo chotuwira, ndi nkhani ina. Njirayi imagwira ntchito, koma nkhani yachuma iyenera kukhala yolondola. Kulondola kwapamwamba kwambiri nthawi zina kumakhala kokulirapo pazitsulo zosavuta zomwe mchenga wobiriwira ungachite. Komabe, pazigawo zachitsulo zovuta, zopyapyala zomwe zimafunikira kulondola, monga zida zina zamagalimoto, ndizofunikira. Chinsinsi si kukakamiza njira yomwe siili yake. Ndimakumbukira pulojekiti yopangira mazenera angapo - geometry yosavuta. The kasitomala anaumirira akamaumba chipolopolo kwa 'quality'. Tinachita, koma mtengo wa unit unali wosamveka. Kupindula kwa 'khalidwe' kunali kosaoneka. Ndondomekoyi iyenera kufanana ndi zofunikira za gawolo ndi zachuma.
Ukadaulo wazinthu izi ndi zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera ku ntchito yophatikizika yophatikizika. Kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa QSY-kuchokera ku chipolopolo ndi kuyika ndalama kupita ku makina a CNC-kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo mchenga wokutidwa ndi utomoni mwachiwonekere ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi unyolo. Sakungopanga nkhungu; akupanga pre-form ya malo awo opangira makina. Kuponyera kuyenera kukhala ndi kusiyana kochepa, kuchepa kodziwikiratu, ndi malo osasinthasintha kuti zitsimikizire kuti njira za CNC zomwe zikutsatira ndizothandiza komanso zopanda ntchito. Njira yopangira maziko idapangidwa poganizira makina omaliza. Uwu ndiye mulingo wophatikiza womwe umangopeza kuchokera pazaka makumi angapo zakugwira ntchito yonse.
Mdyerekezi Mwatsatanetsatane: Kutentha, Nthawi, ndi Zinyalala
Zinthu ziwiri zomwe sizimawonekera m'kabuku: kuwongolera kutentha ndi kubwezeretsa mchenga. Njira yokutira imakhudzidwa ndi chinyezi chozungulira komanso kutentha. M'malo ogulitsira osayang'aniridwa ndi nyengo ku Qingdao m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mwachitsanzo, chinyezi chachilimwe chimatha kusokoneza nthawi yamachiritso komanso kuyenda kwa mchenga. Mumamaliza kusintha magawo othandizira tsiku ndi tsiku, pafupifupi ndikumverera. Ndi luso lothandizidwa ndi sayansi.
Ndiye palinso mchenga umene wagwiritsidwapo kale ntchito—‘mchenga wochirikiza’ kapena mchenga umene umapsa chifukwa cha kukhudza zitsulo zotentha. Simungangozitaya. Kubwezeretsanso bwino kwamafuta ndikofunikira pamtengo komanso kusasinthika. Mchenga wosabwezedwa bwino uli ndi utomoni wakufa, char, ndi chindapusa zomwe zimawononga magwiridwe antchito a mchenga watsopanowo. Mukasakaniza mchenga wochuluka wobwezeretsedwa popanda kukonza bwino, mphamvu ya nkhungu yanu imatsika. Ndayendera ma foundries okhala ndi zida zokongola zatsopano zokutira zomwe zidawonongeka ndi chingwe cha subpar reclamation. Dongosolo lonseli ndi lolimba ngati ulalo wake wofooka kwambiri. Kampani yokhwima yakhala ndi nthawi - ndipo mwina likulu - kuyika ndalama mumchenga wotsekedwa womwe umasunga kusasinthika.
Chinthu chinanso chochititsa chidwi ndi kuvala kwa chitsanzo. Chifukwa mchenga ndi wovuta ndipo mapangidwe ake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo otentha, ochiritsa, ndondomeko yokonza zida ndi yowopsya. A wotopa chitsanzo kulemba kapena pang'ono opotozedwa chitsanzo mbale samangokhudza nkhungu; Zitha kuyambitsa zolephera zovula pomwe chipolopolo chochiritsidwa chimang'ambika. Izi sizongoyerekeza. Zimabweretsa kutsika kwanthawi yayitali, zigamba zapamanja pa nkhungu, ndi kutaya zinyalala. Sitolo yamapangidwe ndi yofunika kwambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepa, ndi gawo la ntchito yabwino ya nkhungu za zipolopolo.
Ikalephera: Kuwerenga Kuyimba Monga Nkhani
Kusanthula kolephera ndi komwe chidziwitso chenicheni chimakhala. Chilema choponya ndi njira yolembera lipoti. Ndi mchenga wa resin, zolakwikazo zimakhala ndi siginecha yapadera. Mitsempha, mwachitsanzo, zowoneka ngati zipsepsezo pamtunda woponyedwa, nthawi zambiri zimayambira kukukula kwamafuta amchenga komanso kulimba kwa nkhungu. Zimakuuzani kuti kusakaniza kwanu kwa mchenga kungakhale kozimitsa, kapena kutentha kwapambuyo kwa chitsanzo sikukugwirizana. Kuwotcha, mchenga wosakanikirana, wosakanikirana pazitsulo, umaloza kutentha kwambiri ndipo mwinamwake utomoni womwe umasweka mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Choyipa chobisika kwambiri chingakhale porosity yokhudzana ndi gasi. Monga tanenera, chifukwa nkhunguyo sikhala ndi porous, mpweya umayenera kuthawa kudzera muzitsulo zopangidwira kapena kukakamizidwa kulowa muzitsulo. Ngati mpweya wanu ndi wosakwanira kapena kutentha kwanu kwakwera kwambiri, mumapeza porosity. Koma apa pali chinyengo: kusiyanitsa gasi kuchokera ku nkhungu ndi gasi kuchokera ku chitsulo chokha (monga nitrogen pinholing). Malo, mawonekedwe, ndi mkati mwa pore ndi zizindikiro. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa nkhungu nthawi zambiri kumawonekera pansi pa malo oponyedwa, ndi ozungulira, ndipo mkati mwake muli onyezimira, okosijeni. Kuthetsa kungatanthauze kusintha mtundu wa utomoni, kuchepetsa chothandizira, kapena kuwonjezera mpweya wowonjezera-osati kusintha chemistry yosungunuka. Luso lachidziwitso ili ndi loyera, lodzikundikira, logwira ntchito.
Kaphatikizidwe: Chifukwa Chake Specialization ndi Mbiri Zimafunika
Ndiye, pozungulira kumbuyo, zonsezi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa munthu amene akufunafuna gwero lodalirika mchenga wokutidwa ndi utomoni? Kumatanthauza kuyang'ana kupyola pa mndandanda wa zida. Zikutanthauza kufunafuna mbiri yomwe imasonyeza kuya kwa kuthetsa mavuto. Kutalika kwa kampani, monga mbiri ya zaka 30 za QSY, ndizoyimira izi. Zikutanthauza kuti apulumuka pamapindi a maphunziro, kusowa kwa zinthu, mayesero olephera, ndipo akonza njira yawo mpaka yodalirika. Ayenera kuti awona kusinthika kwaukadaulo wa utomoni kuyambira kale, makina olemera kwambiri mpaka omangira masiku ano osamala kwambiri zachilengedwe.
Kupereka kwawo kwa njira zowonjezera - kuyika ndalama pamawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri, kukonza makina a CNC pazinthu zomalizidwa - kumalankhulanso zambiri. Zikuwonetsa kuti amamvetsetsa komwe kuumba kwa zipolopolo kumayenderana ndi chilengedwe chokulirapo. Si chida chokha, koma yeniyeni ntchito yeniyeni: geometries zovuta mu aloyi wovuta kumene mwatsatanetsatane kuchokera kuponya boma amachepetsa kutsika Machining mtengo ndi chiopsezo.
Pamapeto pake, kuponya bwino kwa mchenga wokutidwa ndi utomoni sikukhudza chilinganizo. Ndi za chizolowezi, pafupifupi mwachilengedwe, ulamuliro wa zana kucheza zosiyanasiyana. Ndizokhudza kudziwa kuti nyengo mawa ikhoza kusintha kusakaniza kwanu kwa mchenga lero, komanso kuti kupambana kwa $ 50,000 chigawo chopangidwa ndi makina kumayamba ndi kusankha thumba la $ 5 la utomoni. Ndilo ukadaulo wokhazikika, wopanda chidwi womwe umabwera chifukwa chochita izi tsiku ndi tsiku, kwazaka zambiri. Ndipo ndicho chimene mukuguladi.
