Tawonani, anthu ambiri akamva mawu a Stellite, nthawi yomweyo amaganiza kuti sangawonongeke. Ndiko kulakwitsa koyamba. Ndi cobalt-chromium alloy, inde, yolimba kwambiri komanso yosamva kuvala, kuluma, ndi dzimbiri. Koma kumenya Stellite pamalo okwera si njira yamatsenga. Ndawona mapangidwe akulephera chifukwa wina adawafotokozera molakwika, kuganiza kuuma kokha kumathetsa chilichonse. Chowonadi ndi chovuta kwambiri - ndikumvetsetsa komwe kuuma kumagwira ntchito, komwe kungathe kuchulukirachulukira, ndipo mofunikira, momwe mumafikitsira gawolo modalirika.
Aloyi Yekha ndi Kumene Imawala
Stellite si njira imodzi yokha. Muli ndi magiredi ngati 6, 12, 21... iliyonse ili ndi ma tweaks mu tungsten, kaboni, molybdenum. Kwa ma bere, nthawi zambiri mumakhala ku Stellite 6 kapena abale ake. Kukoma kwake kwakukulu sikungokhala kuuma (komwe kuli pamwamba apo, mozungulira 40-50 HRC ngati kuponyedwa, kukulirapo ngati kuli kowumitsidwa), koma kuthekera kwake kosunga kuuma kwake pamatenthedwe okwera komanso kukana kwathunthu kugwidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti mafuta azikhala ocheperako, ocheperako, kapena osatheka - lingalirani za manja a pampu mu slurry ya abrasive, ma valve trunnions mu nthunzi yotentha kwambiri, kapena malo ena osakanikirana kwambiri.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti ya kasitomala wokonza mankhwala. Anali ndi magazini yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri yomwe inatha pakatha milungu ingapo chifukwa chokhala ndi asidi pang'ono komanso kunyamula zinthu zina. Kupaka mafuta kunali kosapita. Tinapanga a Stellite kunyamula kuyika kwa manja pa magazini. Chinsinsi sichinali chosankha chakuthupi chokha, koma kutchula Stellite 6B kuti isawonongeke pang'ono ndi dzimbiri pa muyezo wa 6. Kusiyanitsa kumeneko kumakhudza pansi.
Mbali yakutsogolo? Ndizovuta. Simungathe kutenga chigawo chokutidwa ndi Stellite ndikuyembekeza kuti chidzapirira kugwedezeka kwakukulu kapena kukhudzidwa. Idzaphwanya kapena kusweka. Ndidaphunzira izi movutirapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito chophwanya miyala. Mafotokozedwewo adafuna kuti ma Stellite apangike panyumba yonyamula katundu, koma mapangidwe ake samawerengera zitsulo zaposachedwa. Zotsatira: kuphulika koopsa pakapita miyezi ingapo. Tinayenera kubwerera ku chinthu cholimba, ngakhale chosamva kuvala, chokhazikika chokhala ndi nkhope zolimba.
The Manufacturing Crucible: Casting vs. Overlay
Apa ndi pomwe mphira umakumana ndi msewu. Nthawi zambiri simumatulutsa gawo lalikulu kuchokera ku Stellite yolimba - ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri komanso zovuta zopangira mamvekedwe akuluakulu ndi ofunika. Njira yodziwika bwino, yotsika mtengo ndikuyika zokutira za Stellite pagawo lolimba, lodumphira ngati chitsulo cha kaboni kapena 316 chosapanga dzimbiri.
Apa ndi pamene kuthekera kwa okondedwa kumakhala kovuta. Makampani omwe akhala akuponya molondola komanso kukonza makina kwazaka zambiri, monga Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., tawona zozungulira izi. Ndi zaka zopitilira 30 mu nkhungu za chipolopolo ndikuponya ndalama, amamvetsetsa kulumikizana kwazitsulo. Za a Stellite kunyamula pamwamba, ndondomeko yokutira-nthawi zambiri kuwotcherera ufa kapena PTA (Plasma Transferred Arc) - iyenera kuyendetsedwa kuti iteteze kusungunuka kwa Stellite muzitsulo zoyambira ndikuchepetsa kusweka kwa zone. Mbiri ya QSY pogwira ntchito ndi ma alloys apadera, kuphatikizapo opangidwa ndi cobalt, amawapatsa mwendo mmwamba mu ndondomeko ya chithandizo cha kutentha chisanadze ndi kutentha, zomwe sizingakambirane kuti zitheke.
Ndayang'ana zopindika zomwe zidalephera pomwe wosanjikiza wa Stellite adangosweka. Chifukwa chake? Pafupifupi nthawi zonse zosayenera pamwamba kukonzekera kapena zolakwika interlayer zakuthupi. Nthawi zina mumafunika wosanjikiza wa nickel-based buffer pakati pa shaft yachitsulo ndi Stellite kuti muzitha kukulitsa kusiyana kwamafuta. Izi ndizomwe zimalekanitsa gawo logwira ntchito kuchokera kwa ofuna kulowa m'nkhokwe.
Kupanga ndi Kumaliza: Chovuta Chomaliza
Chabwino, mwagwirizanitsa bwino Stellite layer yanu. Tsopano muyenera kuyika makinawo kuti azitha kupirira bwino. Ichi ndi chilombo china. Simungagwiritse ntchito HSS wamba kapena zida zina za carbide; mufunika magiredi apadera a carbide, nthawi zambiri okhala ndi ma geometries enieni, kapena mumapita kukupera. Imachedwa, imadya zida, komanso ndiyokwera mtengo.
Ukadaulo wa makina a CNC ndiwofunika kwambiri pano. Mitengo ya chakudya, kuthamanga, ndi kuya kwa kudula ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi kukonza zitsulo zofatsa. Sitolo yomwe imapanga aluminiyamu kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri imavutikira ndikutulutsa kutsika kosawoneka bwino komwe kumalepheretsa magwiridwe antchito. Pomaliza pa a Stellite kunyamula pamwamba ayenera kukhala bwino kwambiri kupewa kuyambitsa ming'alu ndi kuonetsetsa mgwirizano chisindikizo moyenera ngati n'koyenera. Awa ndi malo ena omwe masitolo ophatikizika omwe amagwiritsira ntchito aloyi ndi makina olondola, monga momwe asonyezedwera muutumiki wa QSY, akhoza kusunga kusasinthasintha ndi kuyankha pazochitika zonse.
Tidali ndi vuto pomwe zokutirako kunali kwabwino, koma kugaya komaliza kunayambitsa ming'alu yaying'ono chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Gawoli linapambana kuyendera koyamba koma linalephera kugwira ntchito nthawi isanakwane. Kukonzekerako kunali kusinthira ku njira yogayira chakudya cham'madzi ndikutumiza koziziritsa bwino. Phunziro: ndondomeko ya ndondomekoyi sithera poyika.
Zovuta Zogwiritsa Ntchito ndi Zosokoneza Padziko Lonse
Kutchula Stellite si ntchito ya bokosi. Muyenera kuganizira mating pamwamba. Kuthamangitsa Stellite podzitsutsa pakokha nthawi zambiri ndi machitidwe oyipa - kumatha kupweteketsa ndulu pansi pa kupsinjika kwakukulu. Kuphatikizika kwapamwamba ndi Stellite motsutsana ndi zinthu zofewa, zogwirizana ngati 316 zosapanga dzimbiri kapena mkuwa wopangidwa mwapadera. Izi zimalola kuti zinthu zofewa zizivala pang'ono, kuyika ma abrasives aliwonse ndikuteteza Stellite.
Corrosion ndi mfundo ina yosasinthika. Ngakhale Stellite amakana zofalitsa zambiri zowononga, sizongopeka konsekonse. Pochepetsa kwambiri zidulo kapena malo okhala ndi ma chloride pa kutentha kwakukulu, muyenera kuyang'ana magome a dzimbiri mosamala. Nthawi zina, chowonjezera chosapanga dzimbiri chapamwamba kapena chopangidwa ndi faifi tambala monga Hastelloy chingakhale chisankho chabwinoko chonse, ngakhale kukana kwake kumakhala kotsika. Ndi kusinthanitsa.
Mtengo nthawi zonse umalowa muzokambirana. Njira yathunthu yokutira ya Stellite pagawo lalikulu imatha kuwononga 5-10x kuposa chitsulo cholimba cholimba. Kulungamitsidwa kumabwera kuchokera ku nthawi yayitali yothamanga, kuchepetsa nthawi yosakonzekera, ndi chitetezo pamakina osindikizidwa kapena ovuta kupeza. Simumagwiritsa ntchito chifukwa ndiukadaulo wapamwamba; mumagwiritsa ntchito chifukwa mtengo wonse wa masamu a umwini umagwira ntchito.
Kuyang'ana pa Supply Chain
Kupeza zinthu zodalirika zokhala ndi Stellite sikungofuna kupeza wogulitsa wotsika mtengo kwambiri. Ndizokhudza kupeza bwenzi ndi chidziwitso chazitsulo ndi kayendetsedwe ka ndondomeko. Mbiri yazaka 30 ya kampani ngati QSY popanga ndi kupanga ma aloyi apadera akuwonetsa kuti adutsa njira yophunzirira yogwirira ntchito ndi zida zovuta monga cobalt ndi faifi tambala. Izi zimamasulira mwachindunji ku zolakwika zopanga zocheperako komanso upangiri wabwino panthawi yopanga.
Ndikawunikanso ogulitsa, sindimangoyang'ana kabuku kawo konyezimira. Ndimawafunsa za magawo awo a PTA weld overlaying, njira yawo yotsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa bond (nthawi zambiri kuyezetsa kwa ultrasonic), komanso machitidwe awo ochepetsa nkhawa. Ndikufuna kuwona zida zawo zogwirira magawo ovuta panthawi yokonza. Izi ndizinthu zosasangalatsa, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti gawolo likugwira ntchito.
Pomaliza, a Stellite kunyamula yankho ndi yankho lopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri kuzinthu zina zankhanza. Si katundu. Kupambana kwake kumadalira kumvetsetsa kwakuya kwa machitidwe a alloy kuyambira poyambira kapena kuwotcherera mpaka kumapeto kwa ma micron-level pamakina a CNC. Kuchita bwino kumamveka ngati kupambana kwaukadaulo komanso ngati zotsatira zomwe zapeza movutikira polemekeza sayansi ya zinthu ndi malire azinthu.
