Mukuwona zokamba zambiri za ma shafts owongoka pama waya ndi mipiringidzo, koma nkhani yeniyeni siyili m'mabuku. Zili mu grime, kuzungulira kwa kutentha, ndi kupotoza kobisika komwe mumangowona mutayendetsa matani 50 achitsulo cha carbon high. Aliyense amayang'ana kwambiri kuuma, koma ngati pachimake sichili bwino, ndi ndodo yabwino, yokwera mtengo yomwe ikudikirira kuti mzere utseke.
Lingaliro Lolakwika Lachikulu: Kuuma Si Chilichonse
Pamene masitolo ambiri kapena ma OEM ena amatchula a wowongoka shaft, mfundo yoyamba ya deta nthawi zonse imakhala yolimba kwambiri. HRC 58, 60, mwina apamwamba. Zedi, muyenera kukana kuvala komwe mipukutu imalumikizana. Koma ndang'amba ma shafts omwe amakumana ndi kuuma koma adalephera msanga. Kulephera sikunali pamtunda; kunali kung'ung'udza kwa kutopa komwe kumayambira pafupifupi 5mm pansipa. Pakatikati pazakuthupi panali kulimba koyipa. Pansi pa cyclic kupindika katundu wowongoka, makamaka ndi chakudya chosagwirizana, ndipamene amapereka.
Apa ndi pamene kusankha zinthu kumakhala zenizeni. Sizitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena aloyi. Kwa shaft yomwe imawona kupsinjika kwakukulu, muyenera kalasi yowumitsa ndi kulinganiza bwino. Chinachake chonga 4140 kapena 4340, chotenthetsera bwino kuti chikhale chokhazikika cha martensitic kudzera pamtanda. Ndawonapo zovala zikuyesera kupulumutsa mtengo ndi sing'anga kaboni chitsulo ndi basi induction kuumitsa pamwamba. Zimagwira ntchito, mpaka sizitero-ndipo kupuma kumakhala koopsa, osati pang'onopang'ono.
Tinali ndi mlandu ndi kasitomala yemwe akuyendetsa waya wothamanga kwambiri wazitsulo zamasika. Anali kudya m'miyendo 8 iliyonse. Zolembazo zidawoneka bwino pamapepala. Tidapeza imodzi mwamagawo awo omwe adalephera, tidasanthula zitsulo, ndipo tidapeza kusiyana kwakukulu kwapakatikati -zizindikiro za kuzimitsidwa kosayenera. Pamwamba pake panali cholimba, koma pachimake chinali chinthu chosiyana, chofooka. Kukonza sikunali chinthu chovuta, koma njira yolamulidwa kwambiri. Uwu ndi mtundu wamakampani opanga ma nuance monga Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. kumvetsetsa kuyambira zaka makumi angapo mukupanga ndi kukonza. Iwo sali chabe kudula zitsulo; amayang'anira kusintha kwazinthu zonse, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pagawo lokhazikika ngati ili.
Geometry & Tolerances: Kumene Chiphunzitso Chimakumana ndi Makina
Chojambulacho chimafuna kulolerana mowongoka, kunena kuti, 0.05mm pa mita. Kutheka pa lathe yabwino kapena chopukusira. Koma izo ziri m'chipinda choyang'anira nyengo. Kuyesa kwenikweni ndi pamene shaft imangiriridwa mu chimango chowongoka, chodzaza kale, ndikutenthedwa mpaka 60 ° C ndi kukangana ndi kutentha kwa chomera chozungulira. Kodi imakhala yowongoka? Kapena imatenga seti yaying'ono?
Kulekerera kwapakati kwa magazini okhala nawo ndi msampha wina wakale. Kumangika kwambiri, ndipo mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo pakuyika kapena kugwidwa chifukwa chakukula kwamafuta. Kumasuka kwambiri, ndipo mumayamba kuvala movutikira, kugwedezeka, ndipo pamapeto pake, kugwedezeka komwe kumawononga kulondola kowongoka. Ndimakonda kusintha koyendetsedwa, nthawi zina ngakhale kutchula kachingwe kakang'ono kamene kamakhala kosasindikizidwa nthawi zonse, kuti ntchito yokonza munda ikhale yotheka popanda makina osindikizira a hydraulic ndi pemphero.
Ndiye pali mapeto. Zolemba zimafunikira kupukuta bwino, nthawi zambiri mpaka 0.4 Ra kapena kuposa. Koma magawo apakati pa mipando ya mpukutuwo? Mutha kuwona ma grooves opangidwa ndi makina kapena ngakhale kumaliza movutikira. Pali chifukwa. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandiza kuti mafuta azisungika komanso kuti asatenthedwe bwino kuposa malo osalala bwino. Ndikanthu kakang'ono, kothandiza komwe mumaphunzira powona magawowa muutumiki, osati kungowapanga okha.
Dance Manufacturing: Casting vs. Machining kuchokera ku Bar
Kwa masaizi okhazikika, a wowongoka shaft nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zopukutira kapena zopindidwa. Ndizodziwikiratu. Koma kwa ma diameter akulu, mawonekedwe ophatikizika (monga ma flanges kapena mawonekedwe ofananirako osazolowereka), kapena kutulutsa kwazinthu kumakhala kokwera mtengo, kuponya kumakhala kosangalatsa. Apa ndi pamene luso la foundry ndilofunika kwambiri.
Shaft yotayira imafunikira njira yopanda cholakwika kuti mupewe ming'oma yamkati kapena ma inclusions omwe amakhala owonjezera nkhawa. Ubwino wake ndikuti mutha kuyandikira mawonekedwe a ukonde, kupulumutsa nthawi yochuluka yopangira zinthu zowononga. Choyipa chake ndikuti muyenera kukhala ndi mayeso okhwima osawononga (NDT). Tinayesa kuyesa zaka zapitazo pa shaft ya m'mimba mwake yaikulu ya chingwe cha ndodo yamkuwa. Tinapita ndi kuponyera kuti tigwirizane ndi nyumba zonyamula katundu. Nkhani yoyamba idapambana macheke onse koma idalephera kuyesa kwa akupanga —kagawo kakang'ono kophatikizana komwe kali pamalo ometa ubweya wambiri. Ndinkayenera kuchichotsa. Kuyesera kwachiwiri, ndi kukonzanso gating ndi mapangidwe okwera kuchokera ku maziko, kunali kolimba.
Umu ndi mtundu wa kuthekera komwe mumayang'ana mwa ogulitsa. Kampani ngati Mtengo wa QSY, ndi mbiri yake yakale mu chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndi kuponya ndalama, akhoza kusuntha zisankho izi. Nkhungu ya zipolopolo ndi yabwino pazigawo zachitsulo ndi chitsulo zokhala ndi mapeto abwino komanso olondola kwambiri, pamene kuyika ndalama kumapangidwira zovuta kwambiri, zolemera kwambiri. Atha kuwunika ngati shaft imapangidwa bwino kuchokera pa bala lolimba pawo CNC makina malo kapena ngati njira yoponyera ndiyothandiza kwambiri, ndipo ali ndi chidziwitso chazitsulo kuti afotokoze zolondola zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel kapena ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt kwa kuvala kwambiri kapena malo owononga.
Njira Zolephera: Nkhani Za Shafts Ikunena
Mumaphunzira zambiri kuchokera ku gawo losweka kuposa langwiro. Pamwamba pa fracture ndi buku la mbiriyakale. Kusweka koyera, kwandege imodzi yokhala ndi zizindikilo za m'mphepete mwa nyanja kuchokera pamalo amodzi? Classic kutopa kulephera. Imayambira pa cholimbikitsira kupsinjika—mwinamwake ngodya yakuthwa kumapeto kwa fungulo lomwe silinawonedwe bwino, kapena chizindikiro cha chida chomwe chimachita ngati kang’ono kakang’ono.
Ndikukumbukira tsinde lomwe limameta makiyi a Woodruff. Aliyense anapitiriza kukweza zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Pomaliza, tinayang'ana pa njira yokhayo. Anapangidwa ndi mphero yokhazikika, yosiya kuthwa, pansi pake. Mng'alu unayambika pamenepo. Yankho lake linali losavuta malangizo kwa makina: Ikani utali wozungulira mu keyway pansi, lalikulu monga kapangidwe amalola. Panalibenso kulephera kwina. Ndi tsatanetsatane wa makina a mphindi zisanu omwe zitsanzo zambiri za CAD siziwonetsa nkomwe.
Kulephera kwina kofala, kosawoneka bwino ndiko kukomoka. Pa zowongoka zokhala ndi mipukutu yoyendetsedwa, shaft imatumiza torque. Ngati m'mimba mwake ndi pansi-kupangidwira katundu torsional, inu kupeza angular kupatuka. Izi sizimathyola tsinde nthawi yomweyo; zimangopangitsa kuti ndondomeko yowongola ikhale yosagwirizana ndipo imawononga khalidwe la mankhwala. Mutha kuthamangitsa vutoli kwa milungu ingapo, kusinthira kupsinjika kwa ma roll, musanaganize kuti muwone ngati shaft yokhayo ikugwedezeka.
Kuphatikiza & Kumva Kwa Shaft Yabwino
Pomaliza, a wowongoka shaft si chilumba. Ndi gawo la dongosolo lomwe lili ndi mayendedwe, manyumba, ma rolls, ndi chimango cha makina. Shaft yabwino kwambiri imatha kutsitsidwa ndi kusanja bwino pakuyika. Nthawi zonse timagogomezera njira yokhazikitsira: gwiritsani ntchito ma lasers, osati mulingo wa mizimu. Yang'anani kuthamanga kumalo angapo kutalika kwa shaft itakhala pansi, osati pa benchi.
Palinso kumverera kosawoneka bwino kwa shaft yopangidwa bwino. Zokwanira. Mukachizunguliza pa mpumulo wokhazikika musanayike, iyenera kutembenuka bwino popanda mawanga olemera. Pamwamba payenera kukhala paukhondo, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mizere yochitira umboni yomwe mungagwirepo chala. Kulemera kwake kuyenera kumverera koyenera kukula kwake ndi zakuthupi-chizindikiro cha kachulukidwe kosasinthasintha, makamaka m'matembenuzidwe opangidwa.
Ogulitsa omwe amapeza izi ndi omwe akhala ali pafakitale okha. Amadziwa kuti gawo lawo liyenera kugwira ntchito pamalo akuda, onjenjemera, otentha. Sikungojambula kwa iwo. Mukamagwira ntchito ndi mnzanu yemwe amapereka ukatswiri wowonetsa kukhulupirika komanso kulondola CNC makina pakukwanira komaliza ndi ntchito - monga ntchito yophatikizika yomwe mungapeze pakampani yomwe ili ndi mbiri ya QSY - simukungogula gawo. Mukugula chunk yodalirika. Ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti mzere wokonza ugwire ntchito, kusuntha pambuyo pa kusintha. Cholinga chake ndikuti shaft ikhale chinthu chomaliza chomwe ogwira ntchito yokonza ayenera kuganizira.
