Mukudziwa, anthu ambiri akamaganizira za kuyeza kwa kutentha, amangoyang'ana pa sensa yokha-thermocouple kapena RTD. Koma m'dziko lenileni la ng'anjo, zitsulo zosungunula, ndi njira zaukali za mankhwala, ndi chubu chachitetezo cha thermouple ndizomwe zimapanga kapena kuswa dongosolo lanu lonse la kuyeza. Ndilo mzere woyamba wa chitetezo, ndipo moona mtima, kumene ntchito zambiri zimapita kumbali chifukwa cha kusankha kwa zinthu kutengera mtengo m'malo mwa malo enieni a utumiki. Ndawonapo machubu ochulukirapo a alumina akuphwanyika chifukwa cha kutenthedwa kwa kutentha kapena kuwononga m'milungu ingapo pakafunika china chake chokonzekera. Sichimake chabe; ndi gawo lofunikira, lopangidwa mwaluso.
Kusankha Zinthu Zofunikira Sizinthu Zochita
Kutola chubu kuchokera ku datasheet ndi njira yolephera. The ongoyerekeza pazipita kutentha mlingo ndi chinthu chimodzi; zochitika zenizeni padziko lapansi ndi kupalasa njinga zotentha, mpweya, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito makina osokoneza bongo ndi zina. Mwachitsanzo, tidagwiritsapo ntchito chubu cha alumina choyera kwambiri mu ng'anjo yachitsulo yotenthetsera zitsulo. Papepala, inali yabwino kwa 1200 ° C. Kunena zoona, kutseguka kosalekeza kwa chitseko cha kulowa kwa billet kunayambitsa kuzizira kofulumira. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, ming'alu ya tsitsi idayamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu aziwerenga molakwika komanso kulephera kwa sensor. Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani? Thermal shock resistance of mullite kapena silicon carbide mwina inali kuyimba kwabwinoko, ngakhale kutentha kosalekeza kunali kotsika pang'ono.
Apa ndipamene kuyambika kwa nthawi yayitali ndi luso la makina kumakhala kofunika kwambiri. Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi mbiri yake ya zaka 30 popanga ndi kupanga ma alloys apadera, amamvetsetsa izi pamlingo wazitsulo. Sakungogulitsa chubu; akulingalira momwe a cobalt-based alloy chitetezo chubu chidzakhala pansi pa sulfidizing mpweya wa petrochemical cracker, kapena momwe a nickel-based alloy amachita mu carburizing mikhalidwe. Chidziwitso chothandiza chimenecho cha khalidwe lakuthupi pansi pa kupsinjika ndi kutentha ndi chomwe chimalekanitsa wogulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi bwenzi lothetsa mavuto.
Mfundo ina yomwe nthawi zambiri imanyalanyazidwa ndi kutseka komaliza. Zotseguka, zotsekedwa, zotsekedwa, kapena ndi thermowell yomangidwa? Chubu chotsekedwa chimateteza sensor koma imawonjezera pang'ono. M'kupita kwanthawi, kuchedwa kumafunikira. Tinayesa chubu chakuda-mipanda chotseka cha Inconel 600 chowongolera kutentha kwa batch. Njira yowongolera idakhala yaulesi chifukwa kuchuluka kwamafuta amtundu wa chubu kunali kokwera kwambiri. Kusinthira ku pulani yocheperako yokhala ndi mipanda yomata koma yopindika kunathetsa. Ndi miniti iyi, zosintha pamanja zomwe mapepala samakuwuzani.
Njira Yopanga Zinthu Imatanthauzira Kudalirika
Mutha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino a aloyi, koma ngati chubu sichikuponyedwa bwino kapena kupangidwa bwino, chidzalephera. Porosity mu chubu chodzitchinjiriza ndi chilango cha imfa - imakhala njira yolowera mpweya kapena malo ofooka pamapangidwe. Ndikukumbukira gulu la machubu achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri omwe anali kulephera pakusamba mchere. Kusanthula kulephera kunalozera ku micro-porosity pafupi ndi malo owotcherera a flange, kulola mchere kulowa mkati ndikuwononga kuchokera mkati kupita kunja. Chilungamo choponya sichingakambirane.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuthekera kopanga kumbuyo kwa ogulitsa ndikofunikira. Kampani yokhazikika pa kuponya ndalama, monga QSY, imatha kupanga machubu oteteza okhala ndi ma geometri ovuta - ganizirani omwe ali ndi ma flanges ophatikizika, zingwe zokwera, kapena zopindika zachilendo kuti zitheke - zomaliza bwino kwambiri komanso zolakwika zochepa zamkati. Kwa machubu osavuta, owongoka, CNC makina kuchokera ku bar stock imatsimikizira kulolerana koyenera, komwe ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwirizana bwino ndi sensa ndi kulumikizana kwa njira. Kusankha pakati pa kuponyera ndi makina sikungotengera mtengo; ndi za geometry yofunikira, zakuthupi, ndi makulidwe omaliza a khoma.
Ndiye pali mapeto. Malo opangidwa ndi makina amatha kukhala abwino pazinthu zina, koma kwina, pansi kapena mkati mwake mopukutidwa kumatha kuletsa kuchulukana kwazinthu ndikuchepetsa kuyika / kuchotsa sensor. Pazitsulo zotentha kwambiri, pamwamba pa oxide layer yomwe imapanga (mulingo) imatha kukhala yoteteza, kotero nthawi zina simukufuna kuti ichotsedwe pambuyo poponya. Ndizotsutsana, koma ndi mtundu wa nuance yomwe mumaphunzira pansi, osati pamsonkhano wamalonda.
Kuphatikizana ndi Mutu Wapa Tsamba
Ngakhale chubu chopangidwa bwino kwambiri chingayambitse zovuta ngati kuphatikiza sikuganiziridwa. Ulusi woyikira kapena mulingo wa flange uyenera kufanana ndi zida zomwe zilipo. Ulusi wa Metric vs. NPT wachepetsa nthawi yocheperako kuposa momwe ndimakumbukira. Kutalika ndi msampha wina wakale. Imafunika kutalika kokwanira kuti ifike kudera lofunika kutentha koma osati motalika kotero kuti imanjenjemera mopitilira muyeso kapena kulowa njira yolumikizirana ndi zida kapena zida zina.
Tinali ndi mlandu mu ng'anjo ya simenti momwe chubu chotetezera, ngakhale chomveka bwino, chinali chachitali kwambiri komanso cholimba. Kuzungulira kwa ng'anjo ndi kulemera kwa clinker buildup kunapangitsa kuti isunthike pang'ono pansi pa nthawi, pamapeto pake kutopa ndikusweka powotcherera mpaka kumutu wokwera. Kukonzako kunali chubu chachifupi pang'ono chokhala ndi kolala yothandizira njuchi-mapangidwe osavuta amakina omwe mawonekedwe oyambilira adanyalanyaza. Ikuwonetsa kuti chubu sichipezeka paokha; ndi gawo la makina amakina.
Mfundo ina yothandiza: sensor m'malo. Kodi mungachotse mosavuta thermocouple mu chubu ngati italephera? Ngati chubu ndi lalitali ndipo lili ndi zopindika zingapo, mungafunike sensa yosinthika kapena kapangidwe kamene kamakoka mosavuta. Ndakhala maola ambiri pa scaffold ndikuyesera kusodza pa thermocouple yokhazikika chifukwa chubu chamkati chinali chitavuta kapena kupotoza pang'ono pakapita nthawi. Tsopano, nthawi zambiri timatchula kukula kwapakati pang'ono kapena kumalizidwa kosalala kwa machubu aatali, owongoka kuti tipewe vuto lokonzekera.
Pamene Ma Aloyi Apadera Ndiwo Yankho Lokhalo
Pamalo olangidwa kwambiri - kuyatsa zinyalala, mitundu ina ya magalasi osungunuka, kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi aluminiyamu yosungunuka kapena zinki - zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri kapena ma aloyi odziwika bwino a nickel sangadule. Uwu ndiye ufumu weniweni ma aloyi apadera. Ganizirani zinthu monga Aloyi 625, HK-40, kapena platinamu-rhodium. Mtengo wawo ndi wokwera, koma moyo wawo m'malo owononga / owononga amatha kuwapanga kukhala osankha bwino kwambiri pakapita nthawi.
Kugwira ntchito ndi mnzanu wodziwa zambiri muzinthu izi ndikofunikira. Kupanga kapena kupanga ma aloyi awa kumafuna kudziwa zenizeni. Mwachitsanzo, ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt ndizosamva kuvala modabwitsa koma zimatha kukhala zopusitsa makina popanda kupangitsa kupsinjika kapena kuumitsa ntchito. Wopereka wozama CNC makina maziko a zida zotere adzakhala ndi zida zoyenera, ma feed, liwiro, ndi njira zoziziritsira kuti apange gawo lomwe limasunga zinthu zake zachilengedwe. Kutchulidwa kwa QSY momveka bwino kogwira ntchito ndi mabanja a alloy awa kukuwonetsa kuthekera komwe kumapitilira kupanga machubu azinthu.
Chisankho chogwiritsa ntchito aloyi yotere nthawi zambiri chimachokera ku kusanthula kolephera. Tinasinthira ku chubu cha centrifugally cast HK-40 cha ng'anjo yokonzanso pambuyo poti chubu yokhazikika idakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi carburization ndi kuphulika, kulephera pasanathe chaka. Chubu cha HK-40 chinatenga nthawi yambiri yochita kampeni. Mtengo wapambuyo pake unali katatu, koma mtengo wonse pa chaka chilichonse chogwirira ntchito unali wotsika, ndipo kudalirikako kunalepheretsa kuzimitsa kosakonzekera. Ndiko kuwerengera kwenikweni.
Kuyang'ana Kupitilira pa Tube: Msonkhano Wathunthu
Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kuganizira za chubu lachitetezo ngati gawo la msonkhano: chubu palokha, chosinthira kapena chokwera (chomwe chimakhala ndi malo olumikizirana), kulumikizana kwanjira (ulusi, flange, weld nipple), ndipo nthawi zina khosi lokulitsa la kutsekereza. Zigawozi nthawi zambiri zimafunika kupangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Chubucho chikhoza kukhala ceramic, pamene flange ndi alloy zitsulo zogwirizana ndi chombo. Kodi amalumikizana bwanji? Izi ndizovuta mawonekedwe.
Malumikizidwe achitsulo-to-ceramic ndi ovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha ma coefficients osiyanasiyana akukula kwa kutentha. Njira zapadera zowotchera kapena zopanikizira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndawonapo zolephera pomwe cholumikizira chowoneka ngati cholimba chidalephera chifukwa aloyi ya braze idawukiridwa ndi mlengalenga, chinthu chomwe sichinaganiziridwe panthawi yopanga. Umphumphu wa msonkhano wonse uwu, nthawi zambiri umapangidwa mwa kuphatikiza chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera pazigawo zachitsulo ndi makina olondola, zimatsimikizira kutayikira kwadongosolo komanso kukhazikika kwamakina.
Pomaliza, kufotokoza a Thermocouple chitetezo chubu ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mu sayansi ya zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso makina opangira makina. Zimafunika kufunsa osati kutentha kotani? koma nkhani yonse ndi yotani?—mlengalenga, kutentha kwa mpweya, kupsinjika kwa makina, dzimbiri, kukokoloka, ndi njira zosamalira. Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zotsika mtengo nthawi zonse zimakhala zodula kwambiri pa moyo wa mbewu. Cholinga ndikuyiwala kuti ilipo, chifukwa ngati mumaganizira nthawi zonse za chubu lanu lachitetezo, nthawi zambiri zikutanthauza kuti silikugwira ntchito yake.
