Iyo abantu bavuga kubyerekeye ibishashara byatakaye, akenshi bahita basimbukira mucyuma - isuka rya nyuma, ibyuma byarangiye cyangwa igice kivanze. Ariko inkuru nyayo, imwe igena niba ubonye casting ikoreshwa cyangwa ikirundo gihenze cyane, itangira kare cyane. Bitangirana n'ibishashara. By'umwihariko, hamwe no kuyishushanya. Ibi ntabwo bijyanye no gushushanya ibihangano; ni injeniyeri muburyo bworoshye. Igitekerezo gikunze kugaragara ni uko ibishashara byose bizakora, ko inzira izakemura udusembwa duto. Iyo ni inzira yihuse yo gutsindwa. Ibishashara ni byiza rwose; inenge zose, buri munsi, uburebure bwurukuta rudahuye bwororoka mubwizerwa mugikonoshwa ceramic hanyuma mubyuma bishongeshejwe. Nabonye imishinga myinshi yananiwe kuko umuntu yafashe icyiciro cyibishashara nkigishushanyo mbonera. Ni igishushanyo mbonera.
Ibikoresho ntabwo ari ibishashara gusa
Ntushobora gufata buji gusa. Kubushoramari, dukoresha uruvange rwihariye, akenshi ruvanze nibishashara karemano na sintetike, resin, hamwe nuwuzuza. Ibigize bigena byose: uko ikora, uko ifata ibisobanuro, aho ishonga, kandi cyane cyane ibisigazwa byivu byayo nyuma yo gutwikwa. Ibishashara bigoye cyane biba byoroshye, bishobora guhura nibice nkuko ubikora cyangwa nkuko bikonje biturutse inshinge. Biroroshye cyane, kandi bitakaza ibisobanuro, bigahinduka munsi yuburemere bwabyo, cyangwa bigahinduka urutoki. Abatanga ibintu nka Freeman cyangwa M. Argueso bafite formulaire zabo, kandi kubona igikwiye ni kimwe cya kabiri cyintambara. Twatuye ku gishashara giciriritse-cyubururu cyerekana ibishashara kubikorwa byinshi byintoki - bifite iryinyo ryiza ryo kubaza kandi ntirisiga ibikoresho byoroshye.
Kugenzura ubushyuhe ni imbyino ihoraho. Shushanya mucyumba gikonje, kandi ibishashara biroroshye. Mu iduka rishyushye, riba ryoroshye. Nabitse imbunda ishushe hasi hafi kugirango ntashonga igice, ariko rimwe na rimwe nshyushya ibikoresho byanjye cyangwa koroshya buhoro buhoro ahantu runaka kugirango ucibwe byimbitse. Nuburyo bworoshye. Wiga gusoma ibishashara ukoresheje amajwi yicyuma no gutemagura kogosha. Isuku, ikomeza gutondeka bisobanura ubushyuhe nibikoresho bikarishye nibyo. Umukungugu w'ifu bivuze ko hakonje cyane; gutemagura, gutanyagura bivuze ko igikoresho kijimye cyangwa ibishashara birashyuha cyane.
Aha niho uburambe buva kubikorwa bimaze igihe kinini. Ahantu nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka 30 yo gukina, basobanukiwe ko siyanse yibikoresho igera kumaduka yububiko. Igishashara cyatoranijwe kumubiri wicyuma kidafite ingese kizaba gitandukanye nicyo kuri cobalt igoye ishingiye kuri alloy turbine blade. Coefficients yo kwagura ubushyuhe igomba gutekerezwa kugirango igishashara kigabanuke muburyo buteganijwe, nyuma bikazishyurwa muburyo bwashushanyije. Ni urunigi rwuzuye, kandi ihuza ryambere ni ibishashara.
Ibikoresho byubucuruzi: Kurenga icyuma
Umuntu wese ashushanya scalpel cyangwa urutonde rwibikoresho by amenyo. Ibyo ni ngombwa, yego. Ariko amafarashi nyayo yakazi akunze gutegurwa. Nahinduye spatulas zitabarika nibikoresho bya loop, ndabigoramye kumpande zihariye kugirango ngere mumwanya mubi wa moderi nziza. Kugabanya umubyimba munini, icyuma gishyushye ni ntangarugero, ariko kugenzura ni ubuhanzi-bishyushye cyane kandi bishonga umuyoboro mugari, bikonje cyane kandi bikurura. Urashaka ko bishyushye bihagije kugirango unyure hamwe na resistance nkeya.
Noneho hari itara ryoroheje ryinzoga. Ntabwo ari kumurika, ahubwo ni ukurangiza. Umuvuduko wihuse, ubuhanga bwumuriro hejuru yubuye-ugusoma - ushonga ibimenyetso bya microscopique kandi bigakora uruhu rutagira inenge. Iyi ntambwe ningirakamaro kugirango umuntu agere ku buso burangije gushushanya. Ariko fata igice cyamasegonda maremare cyane, kandi utakaza impande zikarishye nibisobanuro byiza. Nangije uburyo burenze bumwe kutihanganira urumuri. Nibutsa ko iyi ari inzira yo gukuramo; ntushobora kongera ibikoresho inyuma.
Kuri geometrike igoye, cyane cyane mugihe dukeneye ibishashara byinshi bisa, twimuka muburyo bwo gutera inshinge. Ariko nubwo bimeze bityo, shobuja wambere-uwukora ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu apfa-yakozwe n'intoki. Databuja agomba kuba atunganye. Ikibanza icyo aricyo cyose, umushinga wose wo kugenzura, uragwira. Ndibuka akazi kubatwara pompe aho moderi ya CAD yumukiriya yari ifite umwirondoro mwiza, aerodynamic. Gukora ibyo mu gishashara kugirango ufate umurongo utomoye kuri shobuja wububiko byari imyitozo yicyumweru cyose muguhindura mikoro no kugenzura buri gihe hamwe nu bipimo byerekana. CNC yakoze imashini ya aluminiyumu ikomoka kuri shobuja wibishashara nibyo bakoresha ubu kugirango babone umusaruro mwinshi mwinshi.
Ibya Sekibi mu mbanzirizamushinga (hamwe n'ubukuta bw'urukuta)
Iri ni ryo tegeko ridashidikanywaho cyane mugushushanya: gushushanya inguni. Ubuso bwose buhagaritse bugomba kugira icyuma gito kugirango yemere igishushanyo cyakuwe mubibumbano, cyangwa muritwe, kugirango igikonoshwa ceramic irekure mugihe cyo kwangiza. Nta mushinga usobanura kuvunika igikonoshwa. Birasa nkibyoroshye, ariko kubice bigoye hamwe nimbavu nurubuga, bikomeza umushinga uhoraho, ntoya (akenshi nka dogere 1-2) mugihe ukoresheje ijisho n'amaboko ni kubara mubitekerezo. Buri gihe ufata igice kumurongo, ugenzura imirongo iboneka.
Uburinganire bwurukuta nubundi bwicanyi bucece. Igice gitunguranye cyane mu gishashara kizahinduka ahantu hashyushye muri casting, biganisha ku kugabanuka kwinshi nkuko bikomera nyuma. Iyo ushushanyijeho ibishashara, vuga, inzu, uhora upima hamwe na kaliperi, ukemeza ko inzibacyuho zigenda buhoro. Intego ni ukuyobora gukomera kuva mubice byoroheje bigana kuremereye, akenshi bisaba kongeramo ibishashara cyangwa ibishashara nyuma, ariko icyitegererezo fatizo kigomba kuba cyiza. Nize ibi inzira igoye kumushinga hakiri kare. Abakinnyi basaga neza ariko bananiwe munsi yumutwaro. Radiografiya yerekanaga ikigo cya spongy neza aho urukuta rwanjye rwibishashara rufite uburebure bwa milimetero nkeya ugereranije n’akarere kegeranye. Icyuma cyari kizi, nubwo amaso yanjye atabizi.
Ibigo kabuhariwe mu gushora imari, nka QSY Ninde ukora ibintu byose uhereye kumashanyarazi kugeza kuri CNC gutunganya, saba iri hame ryatetse mubikorwa byabo. Ba injeniyeri babo basubiramo igishushanyo cyibishashara, ndetse cyakozwe n'intoki - gifite uburebure bwurukuta hamwe nogukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwumuriro nkikibazo cyibanze, akenshi mbere yuko icyatsi kimwe gishashara. Ni igenzura rikorana ririnda inenge zifatizo.
Inteko no Kwinjirira: Geometrie itaririmbwe
Ni gake cyane ni kurangiza guta ibishashara gusa. Akenshi, ubaza ibice ukundi hanyuma ukabiteranya mugiti cyibishashara ukoresheje ibikoresho bishyushye hamwe nigishashara kidasanzwe. Iyi ntambwe iroroshye kubeshya. Intege nke isudira hano isobanura ikintu kigwa mugihe cyo gukora shell. Ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ugoreka ibintu byoroshye wakoresheje amasaha gusa. Igice kigomba kuba gifite isuku kandi gikomeye, nta cyuho cyimbere gishobora gutega umwuka cyangwa igikonjo.
Noneho haza kwinjirira - guhuza imiyoboro y'ibishashara bizahinduka inzira y'icyuma gishongeshejwe. Ibi ntabwo ari ugukomera ku nkoni y'ibishashara. Diameter, uburebure, hamwe na angle ya buri irembo bigenzura neza imigendekere no gukomera kwicyuma. Irembo rito cyane ritera amakosa; imwe ifatanye kumurongo utyaye itera imvururu no gushyiramo slag. Dukunze gukoresha ibishashara byabanjirije ibishashara n'amarembo, ariko kubishyira ni umuhamagaro wurubanza ushingiye kuri geometrie. Ndabishushanya mbere yimpapuro, nkareba inzira yicyuma. Hano hari amategeko yintoki: irembo mugice kinini. Ariko hamwe nibice bigoye, rimwe na rimwe ukenera amarembo menshi, bisaba kuringaniza imigezi. Nibice byamazi yingirakamaro, uburambe bwigice.
Kubireba-ubunyangamugayo buhanitse mu mavuta adasanzwe nka nikel cyangwa ishingiye kuri cobalt - neza nibikoresho Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. urutonde nkumwihariko - igishushanyo mbonera kirarenze. Iyi mavuta ihenze kandi akenshi isuka kubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane. Sisitemu idahwitse ya sisitemu yo kugiti cyashashara ntigishobora gusa guhura nigice gifite inenge; itakaza ibihumbi by'amadolari y'ibikoresho. Irembo rigomba guteza imbere laminari no gukomera bigenda byiyongera. Icyo gishushanyo mbonera gitangira nkigishushanyo, hanyuma kigaragara muburyo bwo guterana ibishashara.
Kunanirwa numwarimu mwiza kuruta gutsinda
Ntabwo wumva neza ibishashara kugeza ubonye binaniwe. Ndibuka ishusho nini, isahani isahani twakoze. Yashushanyije neza, ifite igishushanyo cyiza. Twarashora imari, turayitwika, dusuka. Gukuramo ibisubizo byafashwe nabi, nkibishishwa byibirayi. Impamvu? Guhangayikishwa imbere mu gishashara uhereye muburyo bwambere bwo gutera inshinge zoroheje mugihe cyo gutwika igikonjo, kugoreka imyenge. Noneho, kugirango uburinganire buringaniye, dukoresha ibishashara byoroheje bitesha umutwe cyangwa tugashushanya gato kugereranya umurongo wibishashara, dutegereje kugoreka. Nuburiganya utazasanga mubitabo.
Ikindi cyakera: igikonoshwa mugihe cya autoclave dewaxing. Ubushyuhe bwihuse butera ibishashara kwaguka cyane. Niba ibishashara bifite ibintu byinshi byuzuza cyangwa biranga gushonga nabi, birashobora kubyara umuvuduko uhagije wo kuvunika igikonoshwa ceramic imbere. Igisubizo gishobora kuba ari uburyo bwo kwagura ibishashara byo hasi cyangwa guhindura ibishashara - gutinda buhoro, umuvuduko wo hasi. Ariko ujya gushaka igisubizo nyuma yuko wunvise ping ya shell yamenetse ukabona ishoramari ryangiritse.
Ibyo kunanirwa niyo mpamvu icyiciro cyo gushushanya kidashobora kwigunga. Byahujwe nuburyo bwo gushinga. Ukora icyitegererezo cyiza akeneye gusobanukirwa ibibera mucyumba cyihuta, itanura ryaka, hamwe no gusuka. Nibyo byiza byabatanga serivisi yuzuye. Iyo iduka ryibishushanyo, inyubako yububiko, no gushonga biri munsi yinzu, nko kuri QSY, ibitekerezo byo gusubiramo birakomeye. Umusore ubaho ibishashara arashobora kugenda hejuru y'itanura akareba icyo umurimo we utanga, kandi ubwo bumenyi bukamenyesha ishusho ikurikira. Ihindura intambwe yihariye mubukorikori bufatanije.
Noneho, gushushanya ibishashara byo guta ibishashara. Ntabwo ari intangiriro yumurimo nyawo. Ni umurimo nyawo. Niho igishushanyo kiva mububiko bwa digitale cyangwa gushushanya mubyukuri bifatika. Icyemezo cyose cyafashwe hano - guhitamo ibikoresho, inzira yigikoresho, inguni yinguni, ubugari bwurukuta, kwinjirira - byumvikanisha inzira yose, bikarangirira kumurongo wibyuma aribintu byuzuye cyangwa isomo rihenze. Ibishashara nta banga bifite; iragaragaza imbaraga zose no gucika intege murubanza. Kandi nibyo nibyo bituma iba disipuline ishimishije, isaba, kandi inenga rwose.
