Urumva 'guta ibyuma' kandi ubwenge bwinshi busimbuka neza kubuhanga. Nibyiza, ariko mwisi yinganda, iryo shyirahamwe ni hafi kurangaza. Inkuru nyayo ivuga kubintu byoroshye kubeshya, akenshi ntibisobanuke, kandi ntibisimburwa rwose kubikorwa runaka - niba uzi kubikemura. Ikosa rusange? Gufata ibyuma byose bikozwe nkikintu kimwe. Ntabwo aribyo. Icyuma kijimye, icyuma cyangiza, icyuma cyoroshye ... buriwese yitwara nkinyamaswa zitandukanye mugihe cyo gutunganya no guta. Nabonye imishinga myinshi ihura nibibazo kuko umuntu yerekanye urwego rutari rwo, yibwira ati 'icyuma nicyuma'. Ntabwo ari.
Impamyabumenyi na Grit
Reka tuvuge icyuma cyumuhondo, akazi. Ubushobozi bwiza bwo kugabanya, imashini neza, ariko ziravunika. Ntushobora gusudira gusa niba witiranyije gukata. Icyuma cyangiza, hamwe na grafitike ya nodular, ni inyamaswa itandukanye - ikaze, bamwe barayiha. Guhitamo hagati yabo ntabwo ari ibintu bifatika ku gishushanyo; nicyemezo cya mbere cyingenzi gitegeka ibintu byose biza nyuma: ingamba zo gukoresha ibikoresho, kugabanya umuvuduko, ndetse nimbaraga zo gufatisha ukoresha ku buriri bwa CNC. Wibeshye hakiri kare, kandi uzabyishyura nyuma mubice byakuweho cyangwa amasaha yo gukora.
Ndibuka icyiciro cyamazu ya pompe hashize imyaka mike. Icapiro ryahamagaye a icyuma hamwe na mashini nziza hamwe no gukomera. Uruganda rwatanze ibyuma bisanzwe byo mu cyiciro cya 30. Yakoze neza, kurangiza hejuru byari nkikirahure. Ariko mugihe cya hydrostatike? Seepage. Utuntu duto duto duto tutagaragara. Twagombaga guhindukirira icyuma cyinshi, cyiza-cyinshi cyicyatsi, hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri, kandi tugahindura uburyo bwose bwo kubumba ibishishwa kugirango tugere kumurongo ukomeye. Igiciro kuri buri gice cyazamutse, ariko cyagumije igitutu. Nubwoko bufatika, burambuye wiga gusa gutwika igihe ntarengwa.
Aha niho ubufatanye bwigihe kirekire bwubufatanye bufite akamaro. Iduka nka Ikoranabuhanga rya Qingdao Qiangsenyuan (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu muri shell no gushora imari, yabonye kunanirwa. Bubatse isomero ry'icyitegererezo kandi batunganya ubumenyi kugirango babaze ibibazo bikwiye imbere: Ni ikihe gikorwa cy'igice? Ingaruka zipakurura? Amagare yubushyuhe? Ubunararibonye bwabo icyuma, ibyuma, hamwe naya mayeri adasanzwe bivuze ko badasuka ibyuma gusa; barateganya uko bizitwara mumaboko yawe, mumashini ya CNC, no mumurima.
Imashini: Umva nijwi
Imashini icyuma ni byinshi kubyumva no kumvikana nkuko bijyanye na G-code. Urumva gukata. Ijwi rihamye, ryijimye ni ryiza. Gutontoma cyane cyangwa kuganira bisobanura ikintu runaka - birashoboka ko igikoresho kigenda nabi, cyangwa ibiryo byawe n'umuvuduko wawe birwanya imiterere yibikoresho. Ntabwo ari nka aluminium, aho ushobora kuba umunyamahane. Hamwe nicyuma, cyane cyane ibyuma byijimye byijimye, urimo ukorana na grafite yubusa. Ikora nk'amavuta mu buryo, ariko nanone irasebanya nk'ikuzimu ku bikoresho byawe.
Twize gukoresha ceramic cyangwa CBN winjizamo imirimo myinshi cyane kumyuma ikomeye, ariko ikiguzi cyambere giha buriwese guhagarara. Rimwe na rimwe, icyiciro cyiza cya karbide hamwe na chipbreaker geometrie yihariye ya chipry yamenetse, yoroheje ikora neza kimwe nakazi kenshi. Ni umuhamagaro w'urubanza. Coolant? Mubisanzwe, ugenda wumye. Igishushanyo gitanga amavuta, kandi kumenyekanisha ibicurane birashobora gukora akajagari, gusebanya byangiza byinshi kuruta ibyiza. Ariko hamwe nicyuma gihindagurika, akonje gato kugirango igenzure ubushyuhe irashobora kuba nkenerwa. Nta gitabo rusange.
Ndibuka ko nashizeho uburyo bwo gusya mu maso ku bikoresho binini byuma byambaye ubusa. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bivuye kurutonde rwibikoresho byatanze igitekerezo cyihuta. Byumvikanye nabi uhereye kumurongo wambere - birakaze cyane, kunyeganyega cyane. Twahamagaye inyuma 15%, twongera ibiryo gato kugirango twinjire mu mutwaro mwiza wa chip, maze ijwi ryoroha. Kurangiza byateye imbere, kandi ibikoresho byubuzima birashoboka kabiri. Ibyo 15% ntabwo biri mu gitabo icyo ari cyo cyose; ni mumusore umaze imyaka makumyabiri yumva imashini.
Uburyo bwo Gutera Ibintu: Igikonoshwa nishoramari
Uburyo utera bisobanura icyo ushobora gukora imashini. Kubintu bigoye, hafi-net-shusho ibice muri icyuma, shell mold casting akenshi ni ukujya kuri. Igishishwa cyumusenyi kiraguha ubuso bwiza kandi bwuzuye, bugabanya urugero rwicyuma ugomba gukuramo nyuma. Nibyiza. Ariko kubice bifite ibice byimbere, amakuru arambuye, cyangwa nibisaba hejuru-nkubuso? Aho niho ureba gushora imari, ndetse no kumyuma. Birarushijeho kubigiramo uruhare, bihenze, ariko kubintu bikwiye, bizigama amasaha atabarika yo gukora.
Ubushobozi bubiri bwa QSY hano ninyungu zingenzi. Bashobora gusuzuma igice cya geometrie kandi bagasaba inzira ihendutse cyane kuva mubyuma bishongeshejwe kugeza igice cyarangiye. Nabonye batanga igitekerezo cyo guhindura igishushanyo kivuye mu cyuma gihimbano kijya kumurongo umwe, utoroshye wo gushora ibyuma. Ibikoresho byo hejuru byari hejuru, ariko byakuyeho kugoreka gusudira, gushiraho byinshi, kandi mubyukuri byagabanije igiciro cyigice cya 30% mubunini. Ubwoko bwibitekerezo byambukiranya biva mubikorwa byombi mumyaka mirongo.
Ikibazo hamwe nicyuma mugushora imari nubushyuhe nibikoresho byabumbwe. Icyuma gisuka ubushyuhe, kandi ugomba kwirinda reaction hamwe nigikonoshwa ceramic. Irasaba ibisobanuro byuzuye kandi bigenzurwa na dewaxing no kurasa. Ikosa rishobora kuganisha ku nenge zo hejuru zangiza ubusugire bwa casting. Nibyino byoroshye hamwe numufatanyabikorwa uremereye cyane.
Abaturanyi ba Alloy: Iyo Icyuma kidahagije
Iyi ni ingingo y'ingenzi: kumenya igihe icyuma ntabwo aricyo gisubizo. Ufite igice gikeneye imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangwa kurwanya ruswa cyane? Ukandagiye kuri nikel-ishingiye cyangwa cobalt-ishingiye kuri alloys. Ariko icyo cyemezo gifite ikiguzi kinini ningaruka zo gukora. Ayo mavuta ni inyamaswa kumashini no kuyitera.
Kugira utanga ibintu bikora ibintu byose, uhereye kumyuma isanzwe hamwe nicyuma kugeza kuri aya mavuta adasanzwe, ni ntagereranywa. Bisobanura ko inama zabo ari material-agnostic. Ntabwo bagerageza kukugurisha ibyuma kuko aribyo bakora. Bashobora kureba porogaramu yambaye cyane hanyuma bagatanga icyuma cya chromium cyera cyane aho kubahenze cyane. Cyangwa, kubintu bigize valve ihura no kwangirika no gukuramo, barashobora gusaba duplex idafite ingese hejuru yicyuma gisanzwe. Inshingano zabo, nkuko bigaragara kurubuga rwabo tsingtaocnc.com, yemerera inama zigereranya inyangamugayo. Ibyo byubaka icyizere.
Nakoze kumushinga wo gucukura amabuye yabanje kwerekana nikel ikomeye cyane. Gukina byashobokaga, ariko gutunganya byari inzozi, ibikoresho byo kurya. Ba injeniyeri ba QSY barabisuzumye maze basaba ko hahindurwa icyuma gifite imbaraga nyinshi zifite imbaraga zo kuvura ubushyuhe (austempering, to be precute). Yahuye nimyambarire, irokoka ibizamini byingaruka, kandi igabanya igiciro cyarangiye hejuru ya 50%. Nizo mbaraga zubuhanga bufatika, bwambukiranya ibintu.
Ibisobanuro bidasobanutse: Isuku, Stress, no Kugenzura
Ntamuntu ushimishwa no guturika kurasa cyangwa kugabanya imihangayiko, ariko aha niho ibice bituye cyangwa bipfa. Shira icyuma, cyane cyane mubice byimbitse, igumana imihangayiko isigaye yo gukonja. Niba uyikoresheje muri iyo leta, irashobora kwimuka, kurigata, no kwangiza kwihanganira nyuma yo kuva kuri mashini. Inzira ikwiye yo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwumuriro mbere yimashini yanyuma ntishobora kuganirwaho kubice byuzuye. Igihe kirageze namafaranga kuri gahunda, ariko kubisiba nubukungu bwibinyoma.
Isuku ni irindi. Kuraho umucanga wose, umunzani, n'amasoko utangiza inkuta zoroheje cyangwa ibiranga bisaba itangazamakuru ryiza nigitutu. Byumvikane neza kugeza igihe ufite igice cyibice aho inzira yisuku yinjiye mubutaka bukomeye. Igenzura ryerekanwa kandi rinini nyuma yo gutorwa, mbere yuko ikubita CNC, ifata ibyo bibazo. Uruganda rwiza rukora ibi nkikibazo birumvikana, ntabwo arinyongera.
Iyi disipuline yinyuma niyo itandukanya ibice byumucuruzi nabafatanyabikorwa bakora. Iyo ubonye ibice mu iduka ryumva ibi, bahageze biteguye gukora. Ubuso burasukuye, imibare iramenyekana, kandi amafaranga yimigabane arahoraho. Bituma akazi ka mashini kamenyekana. Nkurikije ibyo nabonye, amateka yimikorere yisosiyete nka QSY yerekana ko batetse izi ntambwe zidasanzwe mubikorwa byabo bisanzwe, niyo mpamvu izina ryabo riza mubiganiro kubyerekeye kwizerwa icyuma ibice byinganda ziremereye.
Gupfunyika: Imbaraga zo Kugumaho
None, kubera iki icyuma gutsimbarara? Hamwe nibintu byose byateye imbere hamwe na polymers, biroroshye gutekereza ko ari ibikoresho byumurage. Ntabwo aribyo. Nibyingenzi. Ihuriro ryimbaraga zo guhonyora, kwambara birwanya, kugabanuka, hamwe nubushobozi buhendutse biracyari ntagereranywa kubikorwa bitabarika - kuva mumibiri ya hydraulic ya valve hamwe nibikoresho byimashini kugeza compressor crankshafts. Ntabwo ari byiza, ariko birashoboka rwose iyo bitunganijwe kubijyanye no gusebanya kwayo.
Ibyingenzi byingenzi, nkurikije uko mbibona, ni uguhuza nayo muri rusange. Ntutegeke gusa icyuma. Kugaragaza amanota ufite intego, wumve ingaruka zuburyo bwo gukina, kandi ufatanye nabahimbyi babona urugendo rwose kuva gushonga kugeza urusyo. Ibikoresho bizakwigisha amasomo yombi; intego ni ukugira ngo zihenze.
Amaherezo, gukorana nicyuma bituma wicisha bugufi. Nibutsa ko mubikorwa, gutunganirwa mubyukuri akenshi byunama kuburambe bufatika. Ijwi ryo gukata, isura ya chip, kumva umupira usukuye neza - ibi nibyo bipimo nyabyo bidakunze kugera kurupapuro, ariko byemeza rwose niba igice cyatsinze cyangwa cyatsinzwe. Kandi icyo nikintu nta urupapuro rwihariye rwa AI rushobora kwigana.
