Ibice by'ibyuma ntibishobora gusa kwihanganira ibidukikije biremereye-bisobanura kwizerwa mugihe gutsindwa atari amahitamo. Twabonye ibyuma byumuvuduko byacitse munsi yumukino wo gusiganwa ku magare, inzu ya pisitori ya pisitori irarimbuka nyuma y’amezi 18 muri serivisi y’amavuta yo hanze, hamwe na shitingi ya shitingi ya winch ifata hagati yo hejuru mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Kunanirwa kwose kugaruka kumpamvu imwe: imyitwarire yibintu idahuye nukuri-kwisi. Niyo mpamvu ibyuma bikozwe mu byuma-cyane cyane ibyashizweho kugirango bigerweho neza, microstructures idahwitse, hamwe na metallurgie ikora - bikomeza gusimburwa muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, ibinyabiziga byubwubatsi, hamwe ninteko za pompe zuzuye.
Impamvu Gutera Ibice Byuma Birenze Ibindi Mubikorwa-Inshingano Zingenzi
Ibyuma byahimbwe bitanga imbaraga, ariko ntibibuze geometrie yimbere. Ibihimbano byo gusudira byerekana uturere twibasiwe nubushyuhe bubangamira ubuzima bwumunaniro. Imashini yimashini isesagura 60-75% yibikoresho fatizo - kandi ikarwana nuburinganire bwurukuta rusanzwe mumibiri ya valve cyangwa amazu ya silinderi. Gutera ibice by'icyuma bikemura iyi mpandeshatu. Umucanga utanga hafi-net ishusho kubintu binini, byimbitse-ibice nkibishingwe bya pompe; gushora imari igera kuri 0,05 mm kwihanganira kuri cobalt alloy nozzles. Icy'ingenzi, uburyo bwo gukomera butuma ingano igenzurwa neza - cyane cyane muri AMS 5387 cobalt alloy ibice 6 bya pompe aho gukonjesha icyerekezo birinda gucika hagati yimiterere mugihe cyumuvuduko ukabije.
Turasuzuma buri gihe ibice byibyuma bikoreshwa muburyo butatu: ubushyuhe bwumuriro hejuru ya 400 ° C., igipimo cy'isuri kiri munsi ya 0,08 mm / mwaka muri abrasive slurry, na umunaniro ubuzima burenze 10⁷ cycle kuri 85% bitanga umusaruro. Gusa ubushyuhe bukoreshwa neza ASTM A216 WCB cyangwa ASTM A351 CF8M castings ihura uko ari itatu. Ibiciro bidahenze ubundi birananirana muburyo buteganijwe - ntabwo ari ugutangira, ariko kumurongo wamezi 14, mugihe microcrake nucleate yibibanza bigabanuka bitagaragara kubigenzurwa bisanzwe UT.
Igiciro Cyihishe cya "Byiza Birahagije" Guhitamo Ibikoresho
Abaguzi bamwe bagaragaza "ibyuma bikozwe" badasobanuye urwego, kuvura ubushyuhe, cyangwa NDT ibisabwa. Twohereje ibice 220 bya T800 ya cobalt ishingiye kuri shaft roller muri OEM yu Burayi-gusa twakiriye integuza yo kwibuka nyuma y'ibyumweru bitandatu. Impamvu? Utanga isoko yasimbuye ASTM A487 Grade CA15 kuri T800 atabanje kubiherwa uruhushya. Byombi ni martensitike idafite ibyuma-ariko CA15 ifite 12% Cr hamwe na T800 ya 27% Cr + 5% Mo. Igisubizo: chloride yometse mumazi yo mu nyanja akonje. Ruswa yatangiriye ku mashini yatunganijwe yasizwe n'ibikoresho bitujuje ubuziranenge, byihutishwa n'imihangayiko isigaye iturutse kuri annealing idakwiye.
Ibi ntabwo ari theoretical. Niyo mpamvu dushyira mu bikorwa bine zidashobora kuganirwaho: Raporo yipimisha yipimisha kuri buri bushyuhe, isesengura ryerekanwa ryerekanwa kumabari yinjira, kwigana gukomera mbere yo gushushanya, na igice-cyuzuye cyo gushushanya ikarita irangiye. Nta na kimwe kidasanzwe - ndetse no kuri prototypes. Abakiriya basimbutse izi ntambwe bishyura 3.2 × byinshi mukunanirwa kwumurima kuruta muburyo bwo kwemeza ibikoresho.
Igenzura ryinganda zitangira mbere yo gusuka
Imikorere nyayo itangirira muruganda - ariko ikaguka binyuze mumashini, kuvura ubushyuhe, no kurangiza. Twinjizamo umusenyi hamwe na eshanu-CNC itunganya imashini imwe: imirimo yo guteramo igahita iva kunyeganyega ikajya mu itanura ryorohereza imihangayiko, hanyuma ikajya mu ruganda rurambirana rutambitse rufite ± 0.015 mm kwihanganira imyanya kuri bore. Ibi bivanaho amakosa yo kongera guhuza amakosa yibasira abatanga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Kubigize AMS 5387, dukora igisubizo annealing kuri 1150 ° C hanyuma tugakurikiraho kuzimya vuba - hanyuma imyaka 800 ° C kumasaha 16. Buri ntambwe yinjiye, ikurikiranwa kumatanura ya ID hamwe numuyoboro wa thermocouple.
Ikigo cyacu cyujuje ISO gikora ubugenzuzi bwa CMM ku 100% byingenzi biranga ibintu: kwibanda ku cyicaro cyumuvuduko wumuvuduko, gutwarwa na silindrike kumazu ya pompe ya piston, no kurangiza hejuru kumihanda ihuza (Ra ≤ 0.4 µm). Twanze casting yerekana> 0,15% gutandukanya karbide muri microstructure scan - kabone niyo byanyura kugenzura. Kuberako ubunyangamugayo butapimwe muri micron yonyine. Ari muburyo bumwe bwo gukwirakwiza chromium kumupaka wingano.
Guhitamo Ibyuma Byuma Bitanga-Ntabwo Bitangaza gusa-Imikorere
Baza ibi bibazo mbere yo kurangiza uwabitanze: Ese ibyemezo byabo bifatika bikubiyemo imiti * na * ubukanishi kuri buri bushyuhe? Bakora ibizamini bya ultrasonic kuri 100% byamazu yumuvuduko mwinshi - cyangwa ubufindo gusa? Bashobora gutanga raporo ya microstructure yerekana amaboko ya dendrite hamwe no gushyiramo amanota kuri ASTM E45? Niba igisubizo ari "oya" kuri buriwese, urimo kugura ibarura-ntabwo ari ubwishingizi.
QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. yubaka ibyuma byuma byabashakashatsi basimbuye valve imwe inshuro eshatu. Ibyo twibandaho bikomeza kuba bike: sisitemu yo kugenzura hydraulic, ibikoresho bya peteroli na gazi, ibikoresho bya moteri yububasha bwa powertrain, hamwe niteraniro ryihariye rya pompe risaba amavuta ya cobalt-nikel, ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwa T800, cyangwa ibyuma bitagira umuyonga. Ntabwo dukurikirana amajwi. Twebwe injeniyeri isubirwamo - mubice 500 byibice, mugihe cyimyaka 12 ya serivisi, hakurya -40 ° C yoherejwe na Arctique hamwe na 500 ° C itunganya ibicuruzwa byinshi.
Ibice by'ibyuma bigenda neza iyo metallurgie ihuye nubutumwa. Ntabwo iyo ibintu bisa neza kurupapuro - ariko mugihe igice gifite umuvuduko kuri 350 bar mugihe kizunguruka 1.800 rpm, umwaka nuwundi. Nibisanzwe dushushanya, gutera, imashini, no kwemeza-buri gihe.
