Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'ifu ya metallurgie', bahita bashushanya ibyo bikoresho bya kera-by-sinter cyangwa bushing. Nibintu byinjira, byanze bikunze, ariko kandi nubundi buryo bukomeye bwo kwibeshya - ko PM ari ubundi buryo buhendutse kubishusho byoroshye. Ukuri, cyane cyane iyo winjiye mumirenge ikora neza, ninyamaswa itandukanye rwose. Ntabwo ari ugusimbuza intambwe yo gutunganya nibindi bijyanye no gukora ibintu bifatika udashobora kubona kuva gushonga. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi binanirana kubera ko umuntu yerekanye igice cya PM ashingiye ku mbonerahamwe yerekana igitabo atiriwe asobanukirwa ibiba mugihe cyo guhuriza hamwe ubushyuhe nubushyuhe. Ikinyuranyo hagati yumutungo mwiza wa isotropic kuri datasheet nigice nyirizina wicaye kumeza yubugenzuzi kirashobora kuba kinini.
Puzzle ya Alloy Powder: Itangira Mbere yububiko
Umuntu wese ahangayikishijwe no gukanda no gucumura, kandi nibyo. Ariko kubabara umutwe akenshi bitangira kare, hamwe nifu ubwayo. Ntabwo tuvuga gusa ibyuma-umuringa-karubone mbere yo kuvanga hano. Iyo ukoranye nudusimba twihariye, nka nikel cyangwa ishingiye kuri cobalt dukora hamwe nakazi kacu ko gukina muri QSY, uburyo bwo gukora ifu buba ingirakamaro. Atomisiyasi ya gaz na atomisiyasi y'amazi ntabwo itandukanya ibiciro gusa; ni ibijyanye na oxyde, imiterere yibice, hamwe no gutembera. Ndibuka umushinga wa kashe yubushyuhe bwo hejuru aho umukiriya yashimangiye kumazi ya atome ya nikel alloy ifu kubiciro. Igisubizo? Gukomeza gucumura ibibazo hamwe nubucucike budahuye. Twahinduye gaze-atomize, ikibazo kirashira. Isomo ryari muri ifu ya metallurgie, amateka yibikoresho afunzwe muri utwo duce duto, kandi ntushobora gucumura intangiriro mbi.
Ibi bifitanye isano nimpamvu ibigo bifite amateka akomeye ya metallurgjiya, nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), akenshi bifite ukuguru. Umaze imyaka irenga 30 ukora muri casting no kuyitunganya, utera imbere ibyiyumvo byukuntu alloys yitwara munsi yubushyuhe. Iyo mitekerereze irashobora kwimurwa. Iyo turebye kuri pome ya nikel ishingiye kuri nikel ya PM, ntabwo tubona ifu gusa; turimo gutekereza ku myitwarire yayo yo gukomera, icyiciro cyayo gihamye - ubumenyi bwubahirijwe kuva mu myaka mirongo ishoramari hamwe nuruvange rusa. Irahindura ikiganiro kuva gukora iyi shusho gusa kuri microstructure tugamije?
Indi ngingo ififitse ni ugukoresha ifu. Birasa nkaho ari bito, ariko ipikipiki yubushuhe, ndetse no mubidukikije bigenzurwa, irashobora guteza akaga. Ku ifu idafite ibyuma, ni umwicanyi. Urashobora kubona igice cyicyatsi kibisi kiva mumashini, gusa ugasanga guhindagurika no guhinduka ibara nyuma yo gucumura. Gukosora akenshi biri mubikoresho no kubika - ikintu cyoroshye gusuzugura niba ukomoka kumashini gakondo cyangwa gutara inyuma aho utangirira kububiko bukomeye.
Aho PM na Machine bigongana (no gufatanya)
Byera ifu ya metallurgie igice, kigororotse kiva mu itanura rya sinter, akenshi ni igitekerezo cyo kwihanganira ibintu byinshi. Aho niho gukorana hamwe no gutunganya CNC biba bidashoboka. Imitekerereze yumushinga uhuriweho ifite akamaro kanini. Ku kigo cyacu, ishami rya PM hamwe n’imashini ya CNC ntiricecekeshwa. Abakanishi bazi ko igice cyacumuye atari icyuma kimwe; hashobora kubaho ubucucike buke, kandi bagahindura ibiryo n'umuvuduko bikwiranye. Ibi ntabwo ari ibintu byibitabo; ni ubumenyi bwamoko bwanyuze hagati yubuhanga bwo gucumura nu mukoresha wa CNC.
Ndibuka ibintu bigoye bigizwe nibikoresho byimbere. Amenyo y'ibikoresho byakozwe binyuze kuri PM kugeza hafi ya net-kugerageza gukora imashini ziva mubikomeye byaba ari inzozi zimyanda nigihe. Ariko isura ya flange yari ikeneye Ra 0.4 kurangiza no gukomera perpendicularity. Icyaha cyonyine ntigishobora gukubita. Noneho, twarayicumuye, hanyuma tuyifata ku ruganda rwa CNC. Amayeri yari murwego rwo hejuru: ntushobora kumenagura igice cyacumuye nkuko wabikora. Twashizeho igikoresho cyoroshye-jaw cyagabanije imbaraga zo gufatira ahantu hanini ya flange. Utuntu duto, ariko twarinze kugoreka kandi byemeza ko isura yanyuma yatunganijwe ari ukuri. Ubu bwoko bwibikorwa byikiraro niho agaciro nyako kakozwe.
Ubu buryo bwahujwe nicyo ubona ahantu nka QSY. Urubuga rwacu, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, rugaragaza serivisi zacu zingenzi mugukora ibishishwa, gushora imari, no gutunganya CNC. Icyo bivuze, nicyo tubaho burimunsi, ni inzira-agnostic philosophie. Intego ntabwo ari kugurisha PM igice cyangwa igice; ni ugutanga ibice bikora bihuye nibisobanuro, byizewe. Rimwe na rimwe, ibyo bisobanura intangiriro ya PM ifite imiterere yimashini. Ibindi bihe, bivuze kugira inama umukiriya ko kubibazo byabo byihariye biremereye hamwe na geometrie, igikonoshwa-shitingi gishobora kuba gikomeye kuruta verisiyo ya PM, nubwo igiciro kinini cyibikoresho. Ubwo kuba inyangamugayo biva mu kugira ibikoresho byinshi mu gasanduku.
Ubucucike Dilemma: Ntabwo Burigihe Umubare
Ubucucike ni grail yera ya PM, ariko ni ibipimo byoroshye. Kugera kuri 7.4 g / cm3 ku gice gishingiye ku cyuma ni ikintu kimwe; kwemeza ko ubucucike ari bumwe mu gice ni ikindi. Ububabare ntabwo buri gihe ari umwanzi - nibyiza kubwo kwisiga-ariko gukwirakwiza ni ngombwa. Mubibazo byinshi-byokoresha porogaramu, ahantu hake cyane-zone ni urubuga rwo gutangiza rutegereje kubaho.
Twize ibi inzira igoye kumurongo wa hydraulic sisitemu. Igice cyatsinze impuzandengo yacyo igereranije n'amabara aguruka. Ariko mugupima umurima, byakomeje kunanirwa kumwanya wihariye. Igice cya metallografiya cyerekanaga ubucucike bworoheje buhujwe nifu yumwimerere yuzuza ifoto. Gukosora ntibyari byongereye umuvuduko ukabije kwisi yose (bishobora guteza ibikoresho kwambara no kumurika). Tugomba kongera gushushanya igikoresho hamwe nuduce twinshi two hasi kugirango duhuze ifu imwe imwe uhereye kumashoka menshi. Yongeyeho ikiguzi nuburemere kubikoresho, ariko byakemuye ikibazo. Ubu ni bwo bwoko ifu ya metallurgie nuance itandukanya prototype nibikorwa-biteguye.
Aha kandi niho haza ibikorwa nyuma yo gucumura nko gupima cyangwa guhimba. Ntabwo ari ugukubita gusa kwihanganira ibipimo; barashobora gukora-gukomera hejuru no gufunga poritike yimbere. Nibikorwa bya kabiri byongera ikiguzi, ariko kubice byugarije kwambara cyangwa kwangirika, birashobora kuba itandukaniro hagati yumwaka umwe nubuzima bwimyaka itanu. Icyemezo cyo kongeramo iyo ntambwe kiva kumuhamagaro ufatika kumurongo wakazi, ntabwo ari icapiro gusa.
Iyo PM Atari Igisubizo: Gukina Ubundi
Nimizi yacu yimbitse mugukina, duhora tugereranya imiryango ibiri yimikorere. Hano hari zone bahatanira, na zone aho umuntu aruta abandi. Kuri ultra-complexe imbere ya geometrike-tekereza imiyoboro ikonjesha muri turbine - gushora imari biracyari umwami. Ifu ya metallurgie Kurwana na bimwe byacishijwe bugufi kandi binini cyane, inkuta zimbitse mumiterere yicyatsi mbere yo gucumura.
Ariko, kubikoresho bizwi ko bigoye guterera hamwe nijwi ryumvikana, nkibikoresho bimwe byihuta byuma byuma cyangwa tungsten-biremereye, PM ni imana. Ikuraho amacakubiri kandi itanga ikwirakwizwa ryiza rya karbide. Twari dufite ikibazo cyo kwambara isahani yo gusaba ubucukuzi. Ibikoresho byari amavuta ya chromium menshi. Verisiyo yo gukina yakomeje kubona akavuyo ka shrinkage. Twahinduye inzira ya PM dukoresheje ifu isa nifu ya porojeri, ikurikirwa na sinter yubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe na CNC yihuta gusya mubunini. Ubuzima bwo kwambara bwiyongereyeho hejuru ya 300%. Igiciro kuri buri gice cyari kinini, ariko igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite cyaragabanutse.
Ngiyo ishingiro ryinganda zifatika: guhitamo ikarita yuburyo bukwiye. Ntabwo ari ugutonesha ikoranabuhanga rimwe uba ufite. Kuri QSY, kuba dufite ubushobozi bwa casting na PM (hamwe no kurangiza CNC) biduhatira kuba intego. Turashobora gukora isesengura nta kubogama kubogamye. Rimwe na rimwe, igisubizo cyiza ni imvange. Twakoze ibice aho umubiri wingenzi ari ikiguzi cyigiciro cyinshi, ariko hejuru yimyambarire ni PM winjizamo amashanyarazi cyangwa ifunze mumashini nyuma yo guta. Byumvikane nabi, ariko bikora neza mumurima.
Kazoza Ntabwo Yongeyeho
Ibihuha byinshi muri iki gihe biri hafi yicyuma cyongeramo ibyuma, aribyo, kumutima wacyo, uburyo bwa ifu ya metallurgie. Ariko imashini gakondo-na-sinter na MIM (Metal Injection Molding) ntabwo bigenda. Kubijwi byinshi, bisubirwamo, akenshi birashoboka mubukungu kuruta gucapa 3D. Ubwihindurize mbona buri mu ifu ubwayo-ifu yakozwe na nano-nini ya coating cyangwa ibyubaka byose byemerera gucumura mubushyuhe buke kugeza microstructures nziza.
Ikibazo gifatika kuri horizon ni ukuramba. Gusubiramo ifu ni ikintu kinini. Ifu yose ntishobora kongera gukoreshwa, cyane cyane nyuma yikirere runaka. Ukuntu ukemura imyanda-hejuru cyane, ifu y-ifu itagaragara-ihinduka abakiriya, ntabwo ari EPA gusa. Nubundi buryo bwo kugenzura ibikorwa byiyongera kurutonde.
Noneho, iyo ntekereje 'kubyerekeye ifu ya metallurgie', ntabwo ntekereza inzira. Ndatekereza kuri leta yibintu, urutonde rwubwumvikane n amahirwe, nubufatanye bukenewe nizindi nzego zikora. Nigikoresho gikomeye, ariko gusa niba usobanukiwe nururimi rwacyo - ururimi ruvugwa mubucucike bwa gradients, ingano yubunini bwagabanijwe, hamwe nu murongo wa sinter, ntabwo biri kumpapuro zamakuru gusa.
