Iyo umuntu abajije ibijyanye no 'guta igiciro cyicyuma', mubisanzwe aba ashaka umubare woroshye. Iri ni ikosa rya mbere. Igiciro ntabwo ari icyuma gusa. Nibyishimo bya alloy uwo munsi, ingorane utavuze, nigihe cyo kuyobora wizeye guceceka. Njye namaze imyaka muri QSY, Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., kandi isomo ryambere nuko bihendutse guta igiciro akenshi birangira ari igice gihenze cyumushinga.
Gucamo ibice bya Kilo
Abakiriya bashya bakunda kuvuga ikiguzi kuri kilo. Kubyuma bisanzwe byicyatsi, birashoboka ko ubona ibyingenzi. Ariko hindukira kuri nikel ishingiye kuri aliyumu kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa valve? Umukino urahinduka rwose. Ibikoresho fatizo bihindagurika birasaze. Ndibuka mu ntangiriro za 2021, amagambo twatanze kumurongo wibyuma bitagira umwanda 316L yataye igihe bitarenze ibyumweru bitatu kuko igiciro cya nikel cyarasimbutse. Tugomba gusubira kubakiriya, ingofero mu ntoki. Ntabwo ari amatike ya LME gusa; ni premium kumanota yihariye, imiterere ya ingot, nububiko bwabatanga. Ntabwo ugura ibyuma; urimo kugura imiterere yimiti ihuye neza na ASTM.
Noneho hari umusaruro. Aha niho shell mold hamwe nishoramari ryerekana amenyo yabo. Urashobora kugura kg 100 yumuti, ariko niba igice cya geometrie ari inzozi zifite inkuta zoroheje na flanges nini, umusaruro wawe ushobora kugabanuka kugera kuri 50% cyangwa munsi. Ibisumizi byose, kwiruka, hamwe nicyuma gisakara bishonga muriwe guta igiciro. Twakoze imashini igoye ya turbine rimwe aho umusaruro wari muke cyane twongeye gusubiramo akazi kose hagati. Igiciro cya kilo ntacyo bivuze. Igiciro nyacyo cyari mubyuma byarangije gusubira mu itanura.
Ikintu cya mbere rero dukora kuri QSY ntabwo ari ugutanga igiciro. Nukubona igishushanyo no gukora ubushakashatsi bushoboka. Turashobora kubijugunya mubice bimwe? Tugomba guhindura umushinga wo kugabanya kugabanya imashini nyuma? Igishushanyo gito gishobora guhinduka rimwe na rimwe umusaruro. Nibyo kuganira nyabyo kubiciro, ntabwo bihindagurika hejuru yikigero fatizo.
Kugwiza Kugwiza: Gutunganya no Gusobanura
Shell molding casting hamwe nishoramari-igiciro cyumushoferi hano ni geometrie no kurangiza hejuru. Gutera ishoramari, kumitako itoroshye cyangwa ibyuma byo mu kirere, bifite imiterere itandukanye rwose. Ibishashara, ibishishwa bya ceramic, igenzurwa rya dewaxing na sinzing cycle ... ni ubuhanzi. Uwiteka igiciro cyicyuma ihinduka agace gato. Nabonye imishinga aho ikiguzi cyibikorwa cyari 70% byuzuye. Abakiriya bakosowe kuri alloy surcharge babuze ibi rwose.
Ubuso bwo kurangiza ibisabwa nibindi byica bicecekeye. Ra 3.2 na Ra 1.6? Ibyo birashobora gusobanura urwego rwinyongera rwo gusya neza cyangwa no gukaraba intoki. Niba ukeneye as-cast yiteguye gutwikirwa, inzira yo kubumba igomba kuba itagira inenge. Gushiramo umucanga cyangwa gutobora hejuru bisobanura gusiba. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye kurutonde rwa kare kubatwara pompe. Igiciro cyari gishingiye kubisanzwe bisanzwe, ariko umukiriya yari akeneye hydraulic-isukuye hejuru. Twariye ikiguzi cyo guturika hejuru no kugenzura. Noneho, ni umurongo wumurongo muri cote.
Kandi kwihanganira. Kwihanganira bisanzwe bya casting ni umugani kubice bikora cyane. Gufata +/- 0,5mm kuri 500mm ikarito yicyuma nikintu kimwe. Gufata +/- 0.1mm ku ntebe ya cobalt ya 100mm ni undi mubumbe. Itegeka tekinike yo gukora ibishushanyo, protocole yo kugenzura (dukoresha CMM?), N'igipimo cyo gusiba. Gushimangira kwihanganira ibintu bibiri birashobora kwikuba gatatu igiciro, utitaye kuri guta igiciro.
Imashini ya Sinkhole
Aha niho ibigo nkibyacu, hamwe na CNC ikora, reba ishusho yose. Igice cyiza cyane gishobora kwangizwa no gutegura nabi imashini. Wavuze casting ihendutse kugirango utsinde akazi, noneho ibiciro byo gutunganya biraturika kuko casting ntabwo yagenewe gukora. Turashimangira kubisubiramo DFM. Kurugero, kutongera amakariso yimashini yo gufatana birashobora kuduhatira kubaka ibikoresho bihenze cyane.
Gukomera kwibikoresho nyuma yo gukina bigira ingaruka kumashini. Imvura ikomera ibyuma bidafite ingese nka 17-4PH birashobora guterwa, hanyuma ubushyuhe bukorerwa H900. Kugerageza gukora imashini nigikoresho cyo kwambara nabi. Igihe cyo gutunganya, gukoresha ibikoresho, nimbaraga zikoresha ikirere cyose. Icyo giciro cyanyuma umukiriya yashakaga mbere? Yagiye. Ukuri igiciro ni muburyo bwo guhindura ibiciro kuva ibyuma byamazi kugeza birangiye, bipfunyitse byiteguye guterana.
Twari dufite ikibazo hamwe n'umubiri udasanzwe wa alloy gate valve umubiri. Gukina byari byiza, ariko mugihe cyo gutunganya ibintu, twakubise akavuyo gato. Ntabwo bihagije kunanirwa kwipimisha igitutu, ariko birahagije guhangayikishwa numunaniro muremure. Turabisiba? Gusana weld (ni ubuhe buryo bushya bwo kwuzuza ibisabwa)? Ikiguzi cy'icyo cyemezo - mu gihe, ibikoresho, n'imirimo y'ubwubatsi - ntabwo byigeze biba mu mwimerere guta igiciro kuganira. Nigiciro cyuburambe nubunyangamugayo.
Umubare n'Umukino muremure
Umwe-umwe ni ububabare. Igiciro cyo gushiraho kubumba, igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gushushanya, ingingo ya mbere yo kugenzura - igabanywa hejuru yikintu kimwe. Uwiteka igiciro kuri buri gice kubice icumi birashobora kuba kimwe cya kabiri cyikintu kimwe. Kubikorwa bimaze igihe kinini, turashobora guhindura gahunda yo gushonga, gutunganya ubushyuhe, no gushiraho imirongo yabugenewe. Ubukungu bwikigereranyo nukuri, ariko butangira gusa nyuma yurwego runaka. Buri gihe mbwira abakiriya: niba iyi ari prototype, igiciro kijyanye no kwerekana inzira. Niba ari kubyara umusaruro, reka tuvuge uburyo bwo gukora igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukoresha cavit nyinshi kugirango ibiciro bigabanuke.
Igikoresho cyo gukoresha ni inyamaswa zitandukanye. Kubishushanyo mbonera, icyuma kigura ibihumbi. Kubushoramari, shobuja apfa kandi ibishashara byashaje birahenze cyane. Iri ni ishoramari. Abakiriya bamwe bashaka gutunga ibikoresho; abandi bashaka ko tuyifata kandi tukishyura igiciro gito. Nta gisubizo kiboneye, gusa icyo umubano no kuramba byumushinga. Gukwirakwiza ikiguzi cyibikoresho hejuru yubuzima buteganijwe ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo gutekereza neza kuri finale guta igiciro ku gice.
Igihe cyo kuyobora nigiciro cyo kugwiza abantu bose birengagiza kugeza bagize ubwoba. Ndabikeneye mu byumweru 4 bisobanura amafaranga yo gutwara ibicuruzwa bihendutse kubikoresho fatizo, amasaha y'ikirenga kubakozi bashinzwe, hamwe n'amafaranga yihuse yo gupima laboratoire no gutanga ibyemezo. Igihe nyacyo cyo kuyobora cyemerera umusaruro uteganijwe, imitwaro myiza yitanura, hamwe no kugenzura ubuziranenge. Kwihuta buri gihe byongera ikiguzi, akenshi byihishe muburyo bwibyago byinshi kandi birashoboka guhunga.
Amagambo nyayo: Igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite
Nyuma yimyaka mirongo itatu muribi, kuri QSY, twahagaritse gutanga vuba guta igiciro ibisubizo. Dutanga isuzuma ryumushinga. Harimo ibyuma (hamwe ningingo yo guhindura ibikoresho fatizo kubicuruzwa muminsi 90), ikiguzi cyibikorwa (shell cyangwa ishoramari), igereranyo cyumusaruro, igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana imashini, gutunganya ubushyuhe, kugerageza (PT, UT, RT), hamwe nicyemezo (dutanga MTC kandi dushobora gukora igice cya gatatu nka ABS cyangwa DNV). Igiciro nigiteranyo cyibyo byiringiro byose.
Kunanirwa ni umwarimu. Twigeze gutsindira icyiciro cyimibiri minini ya valve muri duplex idafite ibyuma. Twafashe igipimo runaka cyo kugabanuka dushingiye kumavuta asa. Twari twibeshye. Abakinnyi bagoretse bihagije kugirango basabe imashini nini yo gukosora, guhanagura marge. Noneho, kubintu bishya, dukoresha ikizamini gito mbere. Icyo giciro cyikizamini kiri muri cote yambere. Ntabwo ari inyongera; nigiciro cyo kubona neza.
Amaherezo, ihendutse cyane igiciro ni kimwe gitanga igice gihuye, imikorere, kandi kimara igihe cyateganijwe. Ntabwo ari ugushaka umubare muto kurupapuro. Nibijyanye no gufatanya na fondasiyo yumva ko icyuma ari intangiriro. Agaciro nyako ni muguhindura icyo cyuma mubice byizewe, hamwe nibiciro byose byihishe bibarwa kandi bigacungwa. Nicyo giciro cyonyine gifite akamaro.
