Reba, uburemere bwumucanga. Byumvikane neza, sibyo? Suka icyuma gishongeshejwe mumucanga, reka uburemere bukore ibyarwo, bice igice. Numvise iyo verisiyo yoroshye inshuro igihumbi, kandi nibyo biganisha ku myumvire ya mbere yibeshya: ko ari inzira ihendutse, tekinoroji yo hasi kuburyo bworoshye. Ukuri, nuance, niho ubukorikori nyabwo buri. Ntabwo ari ugukora ishusho gusa; ni ukugenzura gukomera muri uwo mwobo wumucanga, gucunga ihererekanyabubasha ukoresheje ibintu byanduye rwose, no gutegereza uko icyuma kizitwara mugihe gikururwa nuburemere bwacyo gusa. Ngiyo ikinyuranyo hagati ya casting ikoreshwa hamwe nikirundo. Nabonye amaduka ahindagurika bitewe n'ubworoherane bugaragara hanyuma agacibwa inyundo nibibazo bya porosity cyangwa ibipimo bidahuye, byose kuko bafataga umucanga nkigikoresho gusa, ntabwo ari igice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yubushyuhe.
Umucanga ntabwo ari umusenyi gusa
Ibi birashoboka ko ibintu byirengagijwe cyane. Iyo tuvuze kuri rukuruzi mold, ntabwo tuvuga umusenyi wo ku mucanga. Nuburyo bwateguwe. Binder-yaba umucanga wicyatsi (ibumba-ibumba), ihujwe na resin, cyangwa ikindi kintu - ihindura umukino rwose. Umucanga wicyatsi ufite plastike, itanga ikaba nziza kuri geometrike kandi ikanemerera guhungabana neza. Ariko ibirimo ubuhehere? Inzozi mbi kugirango ugumane ibihe byiza. Guhinduranya kwijana cyangwa bibiri birashobora gukurura inenge ya gaze, iyo pinhole porosity neza munsi yuruhu rwa casting usanga gusa mugihe cyo gutunganya. Ndibuka icyiciro cyicyuma cyimyanda twakoze; isura yasaga neza, ariko iduka ryimashini ryaduhamagaye tugaruka kumafoto yibyobo bito hirya no hino. Nyirabayazana? Igicucu cyubushuhe nijoro twabumba icyo gice. Umucanga wari warakuyeho ubuhehere bwiyongereye, bihinduka guhita icyuma gikubita.
Noneho ufite umusenyi uhujwe na resin, nka furan cyangwa fenolike-urethane. Byinshi murwego rwo gutuza no kurwego rwo hejuru, niyo mpamvu bakunze gukoreshwa kubintu byinshi bigoye muri rukuruzi. Ariko gucuruza ni impumuro, ikiguzi, no kuba umucanga uhinduka ibicuruzwa byangiza imyanda ikarishye. Urimo kugura umucanga mushya kenshi. Igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kuba ahantu. Numucanga wicyatsi, hariho uburyo bwo kureka imyuka igahunga. Hamwe na hamwe muri sisitemu zikomeye za resin, niba umuyaga wawe udatunganye, urimo gufata gaze kandi ugatera inkoni. Nuburinganire burigihe hagati yumutungo wibintu, ikiguzi, nibice byanyuma bisabwa.
Kandi gukora ibyingenzi ni isanzure ryayo. Kubice byimbere mumubiri wa valve cyangwa moteri ya moteri, uta umusenyi wumucanga. Intangiriro igomba gukomera bihagije kugirango ikemure umuvuduko wicyuma gishongeshejwe idakarabye, ariko kandi irashobora gusenyuka bihagije kugirango abaterankunga bagabanuke badateze amarira ashyushye. Kubona umusenyi wibanze wumucanga neza - kuvanga umucanga, guhuza, ninyongeramusaruro - ni alchemy. Nabonye ingirangingo zikomeye cyane zasibanganye gukina nkuko byakonje kandi bikagabanuka kuri ubu buryo bwimbere. Ibindi bihe, intangiriro yoroshya hakiri kare, bigatuma icyuma cyinjira kandi kigakora udusimba ahantu udashobora gusukura. Ntabwo yigeze ikora ishusho yumucanga gusa.
Irembo, Kugaburira, hamwe na Fiziki yo gutemba
Sisitemu yo kwinjirira ni pompe yicyuma gishongeshejwe. Birasa nkibisobanuro bya kabiri, ariko nibyingenzi. Muri rukuruzi, ntabwo ufite umuvuduko mwinshi wo guhatira-kugaburira ibyuma. Wishingikirije kumutwe wa hydraulic - uburebure bwicyuma mumasoko - kugirango utange igitutu cyo kuziba umwobo. Niba isoko yawe ari ngufi cyane, ntushobora kuzuza ibice bito. Muremure cyane, kandi ubona imivurungano ikabije, itangiza okiside hamwe numwuka mumigezi. Intego ni laminari itemba. Urashaka ko icyuma cyuzuza ifu ituje, nko gusuka sirupe, ntabwo ari nk'isumo.
Ibi twabyize inzira igoye kurukurikirane rwamazu ya pompe yamashanyarazi kubakiriya. Igishushanyo cyambere cyari gifite isoko yoroheje muburyo bumwe. Abakinnyi bakomeje gusohoka basa nibirimo umwanda hafi yo hejuru. Nyuma yo kubatandukanya no kubisesengura, ntabwo byari umwanda - byari icyuma nicyuma cya okiside cyari cyarashwanyaguritse mugihe cyo gusuka. Twongeye gushushanya amarembo kugirango dushyiremo iriba hepfo yisoko kugirango dufate icyuma cyambere, cyanduye, kandi twifashishije sisitemu yo kwiruka hamwe nintambwe nyinshi, ntoya kugirango dukwirakwize neza. Igipimo cy’inenge cyagabanutseho hejuru ya 70%. Ngiyo itandukaniro sisitemu nziza ikora. Ntabwo ari amarozi; ni ikoreshwa ryamazi.
Noneho hariho kugaburira - risers. Ibi nibigega byibyuma bishyushye bigaburira casting nkuko bikomera kandi bikagabanuka. Icyuma kigabanuka uko kiva mumazi kijya gukomera. Niba utagaburiye ibyo kugabanuka, ubona ububobere bwo kugabanuka, spongy, ahantu hakeye imbere muri casting. Amayeri ashyira riser ahantu heza, akagira ubunini bukwiye, kandi akemeza ko izakomeza gushyuha kurenza igice cya casting irisha. Rimwe na rimwe, ukenera amaboko ya exothermic riser kugirango ugumane icyo cyuma. Byose bijyanye no gukomera kwerekezo: gutuma casting ikomera kuva kuruhande rugaruka kuri riser, bityo riser irashobora guhora igaburira ibyuma byamazi ahantu hagabanuka. Impanuka zashyizwe nabi ni uburemere bupfuye ugomba guca; igishushanyo mbonera ni ubwishingizi bwicyuma cyumvikana.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho n'imbyino ya Solidification
Icyuma wahisemo gitegeka ibintu byose muri rukuruzi inzira. Icyuma cyijimye ntakintu na kimwe kimeze nkicyuma cyangiza, ntakintu kimeze nkicyuma cyangwa nikel ishingiye kuri nikel. Icyuma kijimye, hamwe na flake yacyo, gifite amazi meza kandi ikaguka mugihe cyo gukomera kubera imvura igwa. Ibi birashobora rwose gufasha kugabanya ibibazo byo kugabanuka. Icyuma cyangiza, hamwe na grafitike yacyo, gifite imiterere itandukanye yo kugabanuka kandi ikunda kwibasirwa nibitagenda neza.
Icyuma ni inyamaswa. Ubushyuhe bwo gusuka buri hejuru cyane yicyuma, bivuze ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo kuyobora. Umusenyi wumusenyi ubona ubukana bukabije. Ibyuma kandi bifite igipimo kinini cyo kugabanuka-hafi 2% cyangwa irenga kubyuma bya karubone. Sisitemu yawe yo kugaburira (risers) igomba kuba nini cyane kandi ikomeye. Kandi hamwe nudusimba tumwe na tumwe, nkibyuma bitagira umwanda cyangwa ibyuma-binini cyane, amazi arashobora kuba make, bigasaba nuburyo bwitondewe bwo kwinjirira kugirango yuzuze ibice bito. Nakoranye n'amaduka nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ku mishinga irimo amavuta adasanzwe. Urashobora kubona uburambe bwabo kurubuga rwabo kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Iyo urimo ukorana na cobalt cyangwa nikel ishingiye kuri nikel, igiciro cyicyuma ubwacyo ni kinini kuburyo guta ibyakuweho ari igihombo kinini. Impera yamakosa iragabanuka. Igenzura ryibikorwa - kuva ubushyuhe bwumucanga kugeza ibyuma bisuka ubushyuhe kugeza umuvuduko wo gusuka - bigomba kwitonda. Amateka yabo maremare mugukina no gutunganya, nkuko byavuzwe muri intro yabo, yerekana ko bakemuye ibyo bibazo byihariye bifatika mubikonoshwa, ishoramari, n'umucanga.
Aluminium n'umuringa ushingiye ku muringa ni iyindi si rwose. Basuka ku bushyuhe buke ariko birashobora kuba gasi. Bakenera kenshi gusuzugura mu itanura cyangwa kumurongo mbere yo gusuka kugirango bakure hydrogene, itera ubukana bukabije. Umucanga ugomba kuba wumye rwose. Ubushuhe ubwo aribwo bwose buzokwitwara nabi na aluminiyumu, ntibirema gaze gusa ariko birashobora no gutuma iturika ryuka ryonona ifu. Ibikoresho byose bifite imiterere yabyo, ibyifuzo byayo kubikorwa.
Aho Bihuye nigihe cyo Kureba Ahandi
Imbaraga za rukuruzi indashyikirwa mugice kinini kugeza kinini hamwe byoroshye ugereranije na geometrike igereranije. Tekereza guhagarika moteri, inzu ya garebox, imibiri minini ya valve, ibikoresho byimashini, pompe. Birahenze cyane kubunini buciriritse cyangwa buciriritse kuko ibikoresho (icyitegererezo) birahendutse ugereranije nibishusho bihoraho cyangwa bipfa gupfa. Igihe cyo kuyobora kubyara igice gishya kirashobora kuba kigufi niba ukoresha igiti cyangwa plastiki. Ingano yubunini isa nkaho itagira imipaka - urashobora gutera ibice bipima toni.
Ariko ifite aho igarukira. Ubuso bwo kurangiza no kugereranya neza, nubwo ari byiza, ntibikomeye nkuko ubibona hamwe no gushora imari cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije wo gupfa. Niba ukeneye igice gifite urukuta ruhebuje (munsi yenda 1/8 santimetero kubutare bwinshi), amakuru yimbere imbere, cyangwa indorerwamo imeze nkubuso, ushobora kuba ureba gushora imari. Niyo mpamvu uruganda rwuzuye-serivisi rusa nka QSY Byatanga ibishishwa byombi hamwe nishoramari hamwe nubushobozi bwabo. Igikonoshwa kiguha intambwe igaragara neza kandi ukarangiza uhereye kumucanga wibanze, no gushora imari bikagera kure. Nibijyanye no guhuza inzira nibisabwa igice.
Ibindi bitekerezwaho ni igipimo cy'umusaruro. Gukora buri mucanga ukoresheje intoki biratinda. Kugirango habeho umusaruro mwinshi wibice bito, imirongo yumucanga wicyatsi kibisi irahari, ariko nigishoro kinini. Kububiko bwakazi cyangwa kuri prototyping, intoki cyangwa igice cyikora rukuruzi ni ibintu byoroshye. Urashobora gukora rimwe cyangwa uduce duto utarangije banki kubikoresho. Nibikorwa byakazi byakazi kubwimpamvu - birahinduka, kubabarira muburyo bumwe (ushobora guhora ukosora icyitegererezo), kandi birashobora kubyara ibintu bikomeye bidasanzwe, biramba.
Ibihinduka byanze bikunze nibintu byabantu
Nubwo waba usanzwe angana gute, imirimo yo gushinga yuzuye impinduka. Ubushyuhe bwumucanga iyo usutse. Ubushyuhe bw'icyuma muri salle - kandi burakonja uko usutse, kuburyo ifu ya nyuma murukurikirane ishobora kubona icyuma gikonje cyane kuruta icya mbere. Ubuhanga bwabasuka. Isuka nziza igenzura umuvuduko, igakomeza isoko yuzuye kugirango ikomeze umuvuduko wumutwe, kandi igabanya imvururu. Umuntu mushya ashobora gusenya igishushanyo mbonera.
Noneho habaho kunyeganyega no gukora isuku. Kumena umucanga bisa nkibyoroshye, ariko urashobora kwangiza casting yoroshye niba ukabije. Amarembo hamwe na risers bigomba gucibwa, mubisanzwe hamwe na bande cyangwa icyuma gikata. Noneho hariho gusya kugirango woroshye ahantu haciwe, kurasa guturika kugirango usukure hejuru, kandi akenshi bivura ubushyuhe kubintu byanyuma. Intambwe yose itangiza ubushobozi bwikosa cyangwa ibyangiritse. Nabonye igikundiro cyiza, cyamajwi kibona gouge yimbitse kuva gusya cyane, kuyihindura akazi ko gusana cyangwa gusiba.
Umunsi urangiye, rukuruzi ni inzira y'ifatizo. Ntabwo ari byiza. Akenshi usanga ari umwanda kandi ushushe. Ariko hariho kunyurwa cyane no gufata ikirundo cyumucanga, icyuma kimwe, hanyuma ukagihindura mubintu byuzuye, bikora, bitwara imitwaro binyuze mugusobanukirwa aya mahame shingiro. Ni uruvange rwubukorikori bwa kera na siyansi yubumenyi bwa kijyambere. Amaduka abikora neza, ayo afite imyaka mirongo munsi yumukandara nka QSY. Ntabwo bakora casting gusa; bayobora igenzura rikomeye. Kandi ubwo ni amayeri nyayo.
