Iyo umuntu yanditse 'gushora imari hafi yanjye' muri moteri ishakisha, ndabibona. Igitekerezo cyihuse kijyanye na logistique, amagambo yihuse, ahari gusura urubuga. Ariko muri ubu bucuruzi, hafi ni igice gito gishimishije cyo kugereranya. Ikibazo nyacyo cyashyinguwe muri ubwo bushakashatsi ni ugushaka umufatanyabikorwa utumva gusa geometrike yikigice, ariko na physics yo gusuka, chimie yigikonoshwa, hamwe ningaruka byanze bikunze byumusaruro. Nabonye imishinga myinshi ihungabana kuko guhitamo byakozwe hashingiwe ku ikarita aho kuba ubushobozi bwa metallurgical. Reka tuganire kubyo urimo gushaka.
Umukino wa Shell: Birenze Kuba hafi
Ukeneye rero igice. Birashoboka ko ari icyuma cya turbine, igikoresho cyo kubaga, cyangwa icyuma gipompa pompe. Inkomoko yawe yambere nugushaka hafi. Ariko 'local' yo gushora imari ntabwo ari nko kubona ikawa yaho. Iradiyo yububasha ishoboye ni igihugu, ndetse nisi yose, kubikorwa byihariye. Urufunguzo ntabwo ari kode ya ZIP; ni kugenzura inzira zabo. Ndibuka akazi kubigize marine muri 316L idafite umwanda. Amaduka y'ibirometero makumyabiri yavuzeko igiciro cyiza nigihe ntarengwa. Ikigo cyabo cyari kitagira ikizinga. Ariko basukaga mubushyuhe kuburyo, mugihe cyo kubika itanura, byatumaga amazi atemba. Igisubizo? Guhoraho, umunota ukonje ufunze ahantu hatageragejwe. Igice cyasaga neza ariko cyananirana mukibazo. Amaduka yari hafi, ariko imyitozo yabo ntiyari nziza.
Aha niho ubushakashatsi nyabwo butangirira. Ntabwo ushakisha gusa gushora imari; urimo gushakisha uruganda rubaza imikorere yikigice, imizigo yacyo, ibidukikije byangirika. Barakubaza ibibazo kuri alloy spec, cyangwa bakemera gusa umubare? Ahantu nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nkurugero, urutonde rwimyaka irenga 30 mubishishwa kandi gushora imari. Kuramba ubwabyo ni ingingo yamakuru. Muri uru ruganda, kurokoka imyaka mirongo itatu bivuze ko wagendeye kuri bisi na bisi, ukamenyera imiti mishya, kandi birashoboka ko ufite ubumenyi bwimbitse bwubumenyi - ubwoko butari mu gatabo ariko buri mu cyemezo cyumuyobozi ushinzwe ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe mbere yubushyuhe bwa kobalt.
Urubuga rwabo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, rwerekana urwego rwabo: ibyuma, ibyuma, ibyuma, hamwe nibi bidasanzwe. Icyo ni ikimenyetso. Gukemura nikel ishingiye kuri nikel ntabwo ari gig kuruhande; bisaba itanura ryabugenewe, protocole yanduye cyane, hamwe nibitekerezo bitandukanye. Niba iduka ryerekana urutonde, barakubwira ko bakorera murwego aho ubunyangamugayo bwibintu butaganirwaho. Ihindura 'hafi yanjye' kubara kuva geografiya kugera kubushobozi hafi.
Alloy Maze n'umutego mwiza uhagije
Tuvuze ibinyobwa, dore umutego uhuriweho. Igishushanyo cyerekana Inconel 718 kubikorwa byubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Umushinga, ushaka ubucuruzi ariko birashoboka ko udafite uburambe buhoraho hamwe nawo, birashobora gutanga amanota nkaya yoroshye guta. Rimwe na rimwe, ibi birakora. Akenshi, bizana ingaruka. Shitani iri mumashanyarazi nyuma yo guta ubushyuhe hamwe nibisubizo byicyiciro. Ibi nabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare hamwe na pompe. Twemeye gusimbuza ibikoresho byujuje imiti yimpapuro. Yatsinze QA ibanza. Byananiye mu murima nyuma yamasaha 400 yumuvuduko ukabije wubushyuhe, bivunika kumupaka wingano. Intandaro? Igisubizo cyumusemburo wibisubizo kubisubizo annealing cycle byari bitandukanye, biganisha kumvura ya sigma imburagihe. Uruganda ntirwari inyangamugayo; bari hejuru yumutwe wabo.
Niyo mpamvu isosiyete yavuze yihariye. Iyo QSY itondekanya neza cobalt ishingiye kuri nikel ishingiye kuri nikel, bisobanura (cyangwa igomba kwerekana) inzira igenzurwa kubikoresho bigoye. Bivuze ko bishoboka ko bafite infashanyo ya laboratoire, niyo yaba yatanzwe hanze, kugirango igenzure atari chimie gusa ahubwo microstructure. Ku muntu ushakisha 'gushora imari hafi yanjye', isomo ni ugusuzuma ibirego bifatika. Baza ubushyuhe busanzwe bwo kuvura umurongo bakoresha kuri nikel. Baza igipimo cyibikoresho byabo kuri ibyo bikoresho. Ibisubizo bizakubwira ibirenze metero ndende.
Iyo CNC Imashini Atari Ibitekerezo
Hafi yo gushora imari biva ku giti cyiteguye kohereza. Hano gukuraho amarembo, kurangiza hejuru, kandi hafi buri gihe, gutunganya ibintu kumiterere ya datum. Aha niho moderi ihuriweho na fondasiyo nka QSY, ikomatanya gukina hamwe na CNC ikora, yerekana agaciro kayo. Umutwe munini mu guhangana nabacuruzi batandukanye ni ubusobanuro bwa datum. Amaduka ya casting akoresha datum imwe kugirango bagenzure. Amaduka yimashini agomba kongera kuyashiraho, kandi muribwo buryo, kwihanganira ibintu bishobora kwica igice.
Kugira inzira zombi munsi yinzu, cyangwa byibuze munsi ya sisitemu imwe yo kuyobora, bigabanya ibi. Abakanishi barashobora kuvugana na ba injeniyeri bashinzwe gushinga ibijyanye nubuso bwakorewe hejuru, ahantu hashobora kuba harinda umutekano, no kugabanuka kwamafaranga. Nabonye ibihe byo kuyobora byagabanijwe nibyumweru bitatu gusa mugukuraho ibyoherezwa, kongera kuvuga, no kongera guhuza ibice hagati yamasosiyete abiri atandukanye. Noneho, gushakisha kwawe gushora imari serivisi zigomba gutekereza cyane kubitanga imashini ihuriweho. Ntabwo byoroshye gusa; nibyiza bya geometrike kandi bifite ireme.
Reba urupapuro rwabo. Berekana ubushobozi bwa 4-axis cyangwa 5-axis ubushobozi? Kubintu bigoye nka impellers cyangwa turbine, imashini 3-axis akenshi ntishobora kugabanya (guhana). Ubushobozi bwo kurangiza imashini muburyo bumwe burinda geometrike ya casting kandi ikiza ikiguzi.
Urupapuro rw'amagambo: Gusoma Hagati y'imirongo
Uzabona amagambo. Bizaba bifite igiciro kuri buri gice, igiciro cyibikoresho, nigihe cyo kuyobora. Kugereranya naive biri kuri iyo mibare itatu. Ubunararibonye busa nahandi. Ubwa mbere, reba uburyo bwo kugabanya ibiciro. Bakoresha prototyping yihuse kuburyo bwambere, cyangwa uburyo gakondo? Kubunini buke, ibi birakomeye. Icya kabiri, reba ibipimo byo kugenzura byashyizwe ku rutonde. Nugucapa gusa, cyangwa bagaragaza raporo yingingo ya mbere yubugenzuzi, ibikoresho bifatika kubipimo bya ASTM / AMS, hamwe nuburyo bwa NDT nko gusiga irangi cyangwa X-ray? Ingingo idasobanutse neza ni ibendera ritukura.
Ndibuka amagambo yavuzwe na fondasiyo yarihendutse 15% ugereranije nayandi akurikira. Umurongo wabo wo kugenzura wavuze gusa kugenzura ibipimo. Twajyanye nabo. Icyiciro cya mbere cyari gifite ibipimo byiza. Bananiwe guterana kubera ko itandukaniro ryuburebure bwurukuta, rutigeze ruhamagarwa ku icapiro nkigipimo gikomeye, cyari gikomeye kuburyo ibice bitazahuza. Uruganda rwari rwujuje ibaruwa ya cote. Ikosa ryacu ntabwo ryagaragazaga uburebure bukenewe bwurukuta muri protocole yubugenzuzi. Noneho, burigihe ndasaba urupapuro rusanzwe rwo kugenzura. Uruganda rubishoboye ruzagira kimwe rwiteguye.
Kubatanga ibintu byinshi, cote nayo igomba gusobanura niba imashini zirimo, kandi niba aribyo, kurangiza. Nibikoresho bikozwe neza, cyangwa igice cyarangiye? Uku gusobanuka gutandukanya abakinnyi bakomeye nabashinzwe gutumiza.
Kubisubiza hafi yanjye
Noneho, nyuma yibi byose, ni iki? 'gushora imari hafi yanjye'bivuze? Irahinduka. Ihinduka bike kubijyanye nintera yumubiri nibindi byinshi bijyanye no gutanga amasoko yo guhangana, koroshya itumanaho, no guhuza tekinike. Uruganda rwo hakurya yigihugu hamwe nitsinda ryubwubatsi buhebuje hamwe n’itumanaho rya digitale ridasubirwaho (isuzuma rya CAD risobanutse, ivugurura ryamafoto ahoraho ryerekana iterambere) rishobora kumva ryegereye kuruta iduka ryaho bigoye kubona ahold.
Nyamara, kuba hafi yumubiri bifite inyungu imwe idashidikanywaho: kugenzura no kubaka umubano. Kubasha gusura hasi, kureba imirongo yikibumbano ceramic, guhumuriza uruganda (uruganda rwiza rufite umwihariko, udashimishije, impumuro-impumuro yuburyo bugenzurwa), kandi urebe umuyobozi ushinzwe ubuziranenge mumaso ni ntagereranywa. Byubaka icyizere. Aha niho isosiyete ifite amateka maremare yimikorere, nkimyaka 30 yibanze kuri QSY, itanga uburyo bwo gutuza. Barahari. Birashoboka ko babibonye byose.
Ishakisha ryawe rero, rigomba gutangirana nubushobozi (alloys, inzira, gutunganya), gushungura kubushobozi bwagaragaye (manda yinganda, urutonde rwabakiriya, ibibazo bya tekiniki), hanyuma hanyuma, ukoreshe geografiya nka karuvati cyangwa ibihembo bya logistique. Intego ntabwo ari ugushaka caster yegeranye. Intego ni ugushaka umufatanyabikorwa ushoboye cyane ushobora guhindura byimazeyo igishushanyo cyawe mubikorwa, biramba byuma. Uwo mufatanyabikorwa ashobora kuba ari kilometero 200 cyangwa kilometero 2000. Ariko iyo ubasanze, ubuhanga bwabo buzatuma bumva ko ari umuturanyi ukwiye kumurimo.
