Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'guta ibishashara byatakaye', bashushanya ikintu kitagira inenge, cyoroshye cyicyuma gishya kiva mubutaka. Iyo niyo shusho yo kwamamaza. Ukuri kumaduka ni imishyikirano ihoraho hagati yo kwifuza gushushanya, imyitwarire yibintu, hamwe na fiziki itababarira ibyuma byashongeshejwe. Ntabwo ari ubuhanzi gusa; ni ubwumvikane bugenzurwa.
Ibishushanyo Byibanze hamwe nukuri kwamarembo
Igitekerezo kinini kitari cyo nuko ibishashara bitunganijwe bingana igice cyanyuma. Urashobora kumara iminsi utegura ibishashara byerekana urwembe rurambuye, ariko niba ari Sisitemu ni igitekerezo, urimo gukora ibisigazwa bihenze. Nabibonye inshuro nyinshi: abajenjeri bashushanya igice cyiza, bohereza dosiye ya CAD, kandi bakeka ko akazi ka fondasiyo ari ukuyigana gusa. Igikorwa nyacyo gitangirana no gushushanya uburyo icyuma kizagenda, kugaburira, no gukomera. Iyo soko, kwiruka, na riser imiterere? Aho niho urugamba rutsindirwa cyangwa rwatsinzwe mbere yuko icyuma cyose gisukwa.
Kurugero, hamwe nibice bito bito bitarimo ibyuma, ikibazo ntabwo cyuzuza umwobo gusa. Irinda kwibeshya mugihe ucunga kugabanuka kwinshi mubice byimbitse. Ntushobora gupima ubunini bw'irembo; urashobora gutangiza imvururu. Ni urujijo. Rimwe na rimwe, igisubizo kirimo kongeramo ibishashara byo gutamba ibishashara-bitari mubice byashize-gusa kugirango bikore nka misa yumuriro cyangwa ibiryo, nyuma bigakorwa. Ibi ntabwo biri mubitabo byose; byigishijwe kuva byacitse gushora imari prototypes.
Aha niho uburambe bwumushinga buba bugaragara. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu mugikonoshwa kandi gushora imari, byagira ibitabo byimbere byimbere kuri ibi bintu. Ibikorwa byabo byigihe kirekire byerekana ko bagiye basubiramo binyuze mumashusho atabarika yinjizwamo ibikoresho kuva kumashanyarazi asanzwe kugeza kuri nikel ishingiye ku mavuta, bigahindura ingaruka zubumenyi mubumenyi bukurikirana.
Ibikoresho ntabwo ari uguhitamo gusa kuri Datasheet
Gutoranya ibikoresho nkibyuma bitagira umwanda 316 cyangwa cobalt ishingiye kuri alloy kuri a guta ibishashara igice ni ugukingura gusa. Imyitwarire ya alloy mugihe cyo gushora imari itegeka ibintu byose kuva ubushyuhe bwimbere yubushyuhe kugeza igihe cyo guhungabana. 304 na 316 idafite ingese, kurugero, ntabwo ari ukurwanya ruswa gusa; bafite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukomera. 316 ikunda kubabarira cyane hamwe no kurira, ariko nanone iragaragara cyane iyo ishongeshejwe, isaba ko hahindurwa ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe.
Gukorana na alloys idasanzwe, nka nikel cyangwa cobalt ishingiye kuri QSY ivuga, byongera ibi. Ibi bikunze gukoreshwa cyane, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru-tekereza ibyuma bya turbine cyangwa ibice bya valve. Igiciro cyibikoresho byonyine bituma ikigeragezo-nikosa bibuza. Ibishashara, ibishishwa, hamwe no kuzunguruka byose bigomba guhuzwa. Igikonoshwa gikora neza mubyuma bya karubone bishobora gutera reaction cyangwa micro-crack hamwe na nikel ivanze. Wiga kubaha imiterere yibikoresho, ntabwo ari urupapuro rwihariye.
Kunanirwa nibutse birimo igice cya monel. Gukina byasaga nkaho byumvikana, ariko mugihe cyo gutunganya, urusobe rwibice byiza byagaragaye munsi yubutaka. Nyirabayazana? Igikonoshwa nticyari cyoroshye, gifata imyuka mugihe cyo gusuka. Igisubizo cyari uguhindura umucanga stucco mumakoti yambere kugirango habeho igikonoshwa cyiza. Nibintu byoroshye, hafi ya byose bitagaragara mubikorwa byagize ingaruka mbi kumukino wanyuma gutakaza ibishashara igice.
Amaboko: Iyo Guterana Guhura na CNC Imashini
Nibihe bikomeye abakiriya benshi badaha agaciro. Oya gushora imari isohoka yiteguye gushiraho, utitaye kuri net-imiterere isabwa. Hama hariho ibisigisigi by'irembo, imirongo yo gutandukana, hamwe nubuso busaba gukora neza. Ubusumbane hagati ya casting nishami rishinzwe imashini nicyo gisobanura utanga ubuziranenge. Niba abakanishi bahora barwana kugirango bamenye aho datum ibaho kuko casting ifite kugoreka imitekerereze idateganijwe, ufite ikibazo cya sisitemu.
Kwishyira hamwe QSY yerekana-gutanga byombi no gutunganya imashini ya CNC-ntabwo ari uguhuza serivisi gusa; ni ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge. Iyo ikintu kimwe gikemura byombi, barashobora gushushanya uburyo bwo gukina bakoresheje imashini. Bashobora kongeramo guhuza ibishashara muburyo bwibishashara bihinduka ibikoresho, cyangwa bazi neza umubare wabyo ugomba gusiga mumaso akomeye ukurikije kwaguka kwabo. Ihindura umukino ushobora gushinja hagati yabacuruzi babiri kugenzurwa, ibitekerezo byimbere.
Nabonye imishinga yananiwe kubera ko inzu ya casting hamwe niduka ryimashini bitavuganaga. Abakinnyi ba casting bari bafite ubuhanga bwo kwihanganira icapiro, ariko itandukaniro ryatumye gahunda ya CNC iteye ubwoba, ihindura ingengo yimari. Igikorwa gihujwe nigikorwa kigabanya ibyo. Bashobora kuvuga, Kuri ubu buryo bwumuzi wa turbine, dukeneye 0.5mm yinyongera kuriyi sura kugirango dusukure neza, hanyuma tuyitekeshe mumashusho yipfa kuva kumunsi wambere.
Igikonoshwa: Umunyagitugu ucecetse
Mugihe ibishashara byitabwaho, igikonoshwa ceramic nintwari itavuzwe - cyangwa umugome wihishe - ya buri guta ibishashara. Igishishwa cyibishishwa, cyangwa ceramic shell mugikorwa cyo gushora imari, ni umuhango wiminsi myinshi yo kwibiza, gutobora, no gukama. Ubunini bwa buri cyiciro, ubucucike, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro bifite akamaro. Ibice bike cyane, kandi igikonjo kiracika mugihe cyo gusuka. Benshi cyane, kandi ihinduka cyane kuburyo ihindura igipimo cyo gukomera, biganisha ku kugabanuka kwinenge.
Guhitamo guhuza ibintu no guhinduranya ibintu bishingiye ku cyuma gisukwa. Kubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane, ikote rishingiye kuri zircon risanzwe kugirango wirinde imiti. Ibidukikije byumye (ubushuhe, ubushyuhe) hagati yamakoti ni ngombwa. Kwihutisha iki cyiciro byemeza intege nke. Ninzira irwanya automatike mu ngingo zayo nziza; bisaba abatekinisiye bashobora gusoma ibara ryigikonoshwa nijwi iyo bakanze.
Urugero ruva mubikorwa byo mu kirere: kubice bito, birebire bya aluminiyumu, twakoresheje igishishwa kivanze hamwe na fibre-fonctionnement backback layer kugirango dutange imbaraga zicyatsi mugihe cyo kwangiza, ariko ikote ryiza cyane kugirango dufate ibisobanuro birambuye. Nibisanzwe byabigenewe byakozwe nyuma yisubiramo ryinshi aho ibice byavunika cyangwa bigacika mugihe cya autoclave dewax. Igikonoshwa gikunze kuba umutungo wubwenge urinzwe cyane.
Ubukungu bwikigereranyo hamwe na rimwe
Hariho igitekerezo gikwirakwira ko guta ibishashara ni gusa kubyara umusaruro. Ntabwo ari ukuri. Mugihe ibikoresho byambere (icyuma gipfa guterwa ibishashara) nigishoro, inzira iroroshye guhinduka kubwinshi buke na prototypes. Urashobora no gukora imashini yerekana ishusho ya plastiki cyangwa ibiti, ugakora silicone, kandi ugatanga ibishashara intoki kubice bike. Kumeneka-ingingo hamwe no guta umucanga cyangwa guhimba biza kumanuka wa geometrike kandi bisabwa kurangiza.
Kubintu bigoye bisaba ibice byinshi byo gusudira hamwe no gutunganya imbere imbere, kimwe gushora imari birashobora kuba bihendutse nubwo ari umwe-umwe, mugihe utanze akazi. Igiciro ntabwo kiri mubyuma gusa; ni mumasaha yirinze gutunganya no guterana. Uruganda nka QSY, rukora ku gipimo, birashoboka ko rufite sisitemu zo gukora neza ibyiciro byinshi byateganijwe kubatwara pompe hamwe na bito-bito, imishinga yiterambere kubice bidasanzwe bivangwa, hakoreshejwe ingamba zihamye zo gukoresha ibikoresho.
Ikibazo nyacyo cyubukungu ni impinduka hagati. Guhindura igishushanyo mbonera nyuma yo guterwa ibishashara bikozwe birahenze. Ndetse impinduka ntoya irashobora gusobanura gukuraho icyuma gikomeye kandi ugatangira hejuru. Niyo mpanvu ubufatanye bwambere-igishushanyo mbonera cyo gusuzuma-ni icyiciro cyingenzi. Niho inararibonye zubushakashatsi zishobora kwerekana, Iyo radiyo yimbere izatera kugabanuka. Niba tuyiyongereyeho 1mm, turashobora kwemeza neza kutagira ingaruka kumikorere yawe, kuzigama ibihumbi kumurongo.
Igitekerezo cya nyuma: Nubukorikori bwiyoberanije nkibikorwa
Umunsi urangiye, utanga umusaruro wizewe gutakaza ibishashara igice ikomeza kuba uruvange rwa siyanse n'ubukorikori bumaze igihe. Moderi ya CAD hamwe na software yigana bigenda byiyongera buri mwaka, ariko ntibishobora kubara ubuhehere buri mu kirere umunsi igishishwa cyumye cyangwa itandukaniro rito mu mavuta ashonga bivuye mu gice gishya cy’amatungo. Aho niho imyaka 30 yamateka yashinzwe, kimwe na QSY, yinjizwa mubice - bitari mu kirangantego, ahubwo ni imiterere ihamye yintete yumubiri wa valve ugumana umuvuduko cyangwa ubuso butagira inenge bwinyanja ikwiranye.
Intego ntabwo ari ugukora imiterere gusa. Nugukora ishusho ikora mukibazo, ubushyuhe, cyangwa ruswa, icyiciro nyuma yicyiciro. Ukwo kwizerwa kwubatswe kuva ku gihumbi gito, gikwiye cyafashwe kuva mucyumba cyibishashara kugeza ku ziko ritunganya ubushyuhe. Ni akajagari, itera, kandi kure yishusho yaka gatabo, ariko nibyo bituma igice cyicyuma gikora, cyuzuye.
