Ukeneye prototipes ikora-yihuta, ihendutse, kandi yizewe-utarinze kwiyemeza ibikoresho byuzuye? A. uruganda rukora umucanga Ikiraro. Ariko ntabwo ibishingwe byose bitanga umuvuduko, ubunyangamugayo, cyangwa ubunyangamugayo bwibikoresho byo hasi. Twabonye abakiriya batakaza ibyumweru 3-6-n'ibihumbi by'amadolari - bategereje gukina bageze hamwe na warpage, porosity, cyangwa GD&T gutandukana bafata nyuma yo gutunganya. Gukosora ntabwo byoherezwa vuba. Nukwishyira hamwe gukomeye hagati yo gushushanya, gukora ibishushanyo, no mubikorwa bya metero kuva kumunsi wambere.
Impamvu Gutera Umucanga Biracyatsindira Intangiriro-Icyiciro cya Metal Prototypes
Gutera umucanga ntabwo ari tekinoroji yumurage-ni inzira yitabirwa cyane, ihendutse cyane igana hafi-net-shusho yicyuma munsi ya kg 100. Bitandukanye no gushora imari, isimbuka ibishashara n'ibishishwa bya ceramic. Bitandukanye no gupfa, ikora amavuta ya cobalt, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, hamwe nicyuma cya silikoni ndende nta giciro cyibikoresho bibuza. Uburyo bumwe bushobora gukoreshwa - CNC ikozwe muri aluminium cyangwa ibiti bisize ibiti - ishyigikira prototype ya 5 kugeza kuri 20. Igihe cyo kuyobora kigabanuka kugeza ku minsi 10-18. Guhindura ibikoresho biguma hejuru: ASTM A48 Icyiciro cya 30 cyicyuma cyumuhondo, ASTM A197 icyuma cyoroshye, ibyuma bya karuboni ASTM A27 LCC, ndetse na AMS 5387 cobalt-nikel superalloy - byose byaterwa no gukomera hamwe no kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusuka.
Ariko umuvuduko ntacyo bivuze niba gukina bigoretse mugihe cyo gukonja cyangwa kunanirwa kwemeza ibipimo kuri sitasiyo ya CMM. Aho niho amaduka menshi ya "prototype" agabanuka. Bafata guta umucanga nk'inzira yihariye - ntabwo ari urwego rwa mbere mu ruganda rukora neza. Twapimye kugera kuri mm 0.8 yo kugabanuka gutunguranye muburyo butagenzuwe nicyatsi kibisi-umucanga kumazu ya pompe. Intandaro? Umuvuduko ukabije wumuvuduko, ibidukikije bihindagurika, kandi ntagihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura ihinduka. Gukosora bisaba indero-hasi-ntabwo bigana software gusa.
Niki gitandukanya Prototype Yukuri Yumucanga Uruganda Numushinga Rusange
Abihaye Imana uruganda rukora umucanga ikora munsi yimbogamizi eshatu zitaganirwaho: gukurikiranwa, gusubiramo, no gusubiza. Ntabwo ari ingano. Ntabwo ari igiciro gito. Dore uko ibyo bikina mubikorwa:
- Gukurikirana ibikoresho bitangirira kumashanyarazi: Buri cyiciro gitwara raporo yikizamini cyemewe (MTRs), ibiti by'itanura, hamwe nisesengura ryerekanwa. Nta birango bya "generic alloy". Kubice bya T800 bishingiye kuri cobalt, turagenzura ibirimo cobalt muri ± 0.3%, chromium muri ± 0.2%, na karubone muri ± 0.02% - ntabwo byubahiriza AMS 5387 gusa, ahubwo bihoraho mugusuka.
- Kugenzura ibipimo bitangira mbere yo gusuka: Twifashishije scan ya optique ya 3D kuri buri gishushanyo nisanduku yibanze - ntabwo ari umukino wanyuma. Niba igishushanyo cya piston pompe guhamagarira guhamagara ± 0.15 mm kuri bore ihuza, twemeza igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana ingero, gutandukana kumurongo, hamwe no gucapa ahanditse * mbere yuko * umucanga wapakirwa.
- Ibitekerezo bisubiramo bifunga amasaha, ntabwo ari iminsi. Nta gutegereza abajyanama ba casting bo hanze.
Bamwe bashobora kuvuga ko guta umucanga bidashobora kwihanganira bikomeye. Ariko buri gihe dufata mm 0,25 mm kubintu byingenzi nkumuzingi wa flange bolt na bore ya shaft - ndetse no kumibiri ya mm 450 z'uburebure bwa hydraulic valve - dukoresheje umucanga uhujwe na resin uhujwe, umucanga uterwa na vacuum, hamwe no kugabanya ihungabana nyuma yo guhungabana. Itandukaniro ntabwo ari amarozi. Nibyanditswe byerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho, ibikoresho byahinduwe, na injeniyeri bateye ibice 12,000+ byinganda kuva 2015.
Ibisohoka-Byisi-Byose: Ibyo Wakiriye Mubyukuri
Iyo winjiye muruganda rwukuri rwa prototype yumucanga, ntubona ibishishwa bibisi hamwe na fagitire yo kwishura. Ubona igice cyemewe, cyiteguye-imashini igice hamwe ninyandiko zuzuye. Ibyoherejwe byose birimo:
- Raporo yashyizweho umukono yerekana indangagaciro za CMM zishushanyije nigishushanyo cyawe, hamwe namabara-yanditseho pass / gutsindwa imiterere kuri buri kintu
- Amafoto yubuso bwa casting-yerekana ikintu cyose cyoroshye cyangwa flash igwa mubipimo byemewe bya ASTM A601
- Shyushya inyandiko zivura (niba zisobanuwe), harimo igihe cyo gushiramo, igipimo cyubushyuhe, hamwe namakuru yikirere
- Icyemezo cyibikoresho bifite imiti yuzuye hamwe nibisubizo byubushakashatsi (imbaraga zingana, umusaruro, kuramba, gukomera)
Ibi ntabwo birenze ubuhanga. Ni kugabanya ingaruka. Pompe imwe yo muri Amerika ya ruguru OEM yirinze kwibutsa amadolari 220.000 kubera ko scan yoherejwe mbere yo kohereza radiografi yafashe gufata munsi yubutaka muri AMS 5387 nozzle - igaragara gusa mugice cya gatatu cyibice bitanu bigize prototype. Urwo rwego rwo kugenzura rukora gusa iyo gukina, NDT, na metrologiya bibaho munsi yinzu.
Intambwe Zikurikira: Nigute Gutangira Prototype yawe Gukora neza
Tangira ushushanya - ntabwo ari bije yawe. Twohereze dosiye yawe YINTAMBWE cyangwa IGES hamwe na GD&T guhamagarwa, ibintu bifatika, nibisabwa mumikorere (urugero, "ugomba gufunga kanda kuri 350 utarinze guhindura"). Tuzasubiza hamwe na raporo irambuye ya DFM, igihe cyo kuyobora, hamwe na cote ihamye - nta kwiyandikisha, nta NDAs isabwa imbere. Ikigo cyacu cyujuje ISO muri Qingdao gishyigikira ibice byicyuma gito cyane kuva kuri kg 2 kugeza kuri 85, hamwe na CNC yuzuye, gutunganya ubushyuhe, hamwe no kurangiza hejuru biboneka murugo. Niba porogaramu yawe isaba cobalt-nikel ivanze, ubunyangamugayo bwumuvuduko mwinshi, cyangwa microstructure isubirwamo, tangira utanga disipuline - ntukabangikanye.
Kuri ba injeniyeri bubaka sisitemu ya hydraulic, ibikoresho bya peteroli na gaze, cyangwa ibinyabiziga bifite moteri, iburyo uruganda rukora umucanga ntabwo ikora ibice gusa. Iremeza intego yawe yo gushushanya - mbere yo guca igikoresho cyawe cya mbere.
