Iyo wunvise 'Ikimenyetso cya Haynes 25', igitekerezo cyahise gisimbukira mububasha bwacyo bwo hejuru-birakwiye, ukurikije cobalt-chromium-nikel-tungsten. Ariko mumyaka yanjye mpanganye nibice bisobanutse, nabonye ikibazo nyacyo atari spes ya alloy kurupapuro; ni ugusobanura iyo mitungo muburyo bwizewe, bumeneka-kashe munsi yubushyuhe bwumuriro nubukanishi. Impapuro nyinshi zerekana imbaraga za okiside igera kuri 1800 ° F, ariko ntibikunze gusobanura neza imiterere yimashini cyangwa kurangiza hejuru yikimenyetso gisabwa akazi nyuma ya CNC ikora cyangwa ikuraho porogaramu. Ni ikintu kimwe kujugunya; ikindi kugirango kirangire kashe ifashe.
Imiterere ya Alloy hamwe no Gukora Imashini
Haynes 25, cyangwa L605, ntabwo aribintu byawe bya buri munsi. Igipimo cyacyo kinini-gikomereye ni umugani. Uratekereza ko ufata urumuri ruke kuri lathe, hanyuma bukwi na bukwi ibikoresho biganira cyangwa bikambara imburagihe niba ibipimo byawe byacitse gato. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare. Kubireba kashe yagenewe guhuza turbine, twabanje gukoresha karbide isanzwe. Igisubizo? Ubusugire bubi bwubuso hamwe na micro-yamenetse kumpande - ntibyemewe kubutaka bwa kashe. Ibikoresho bisaba gushiraho, ibikoresho bikarishye hamwe na rake nziza, kandi kenshi, guhinduranya amanota ya ceramic cyangwa CBN kugirango urangize passe kugirango ugere kubyo bisabwa Ra 16 cyangwa byiza.
Aha niho uburambe bwumushinga buba ingirakamaro. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu muri shell no gushora imari, yumva ko ireme rya casting ritegeka 50% byintambara yo gutunganya. Abakinnyi ba Haynes 25 bambaye ubusa hamwe no kugabanuka imbere cyangwa kwinjizamo bizangiza igice cya kashe mugihe cyo gutunganya, kabone niyo umuyobozi wa CNC yaba afite ubuhanga buke. Kwibanda kubintu byihariye bivanze bivuze ko bishoboka ko bashakira ububiko bwiburyo cyangwa kugenzura imiti yashonga kugirango bagabanye ibyo bibazo kuva bagitangira.
Ikimenyetso cya geometrie ubwacyo kongeramo ibice. Ikidodo cyoroshye cyo mumaso? Ahari byoroshye. Ariko iyo uhujije ibintu bigoye nkibishobora kuringaniza imiyoboro cyangwa ibirwanya anti-rotation mu buryo butaziguye mu gice cya Haynes 25, ingamba zo gutunganya zigomba kubazwa uburyo amavuta avanze. Tugomba guhindura imbaraga zo gufatana hamwe nibikorwa bikurikirana kugirango twirinde kugoreka isura ikomeye. Nuburyo bwitondewe, ntabwo ari gahunda gusa.
Ikidodo gishushanya hamwe nibisabwa
Gutegura inteko ya kashe hafi ya Haynes 25 nubundi bwami. Coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe butandukanye cyane nibikoresho bisanzwe byo guhuza nka Inconel cyangwa ibyuma bimwe. Muri kashe ihamye ya valve yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, twigeze guhuza intebe ya Haynes 25 hamwe nigiti gitandukanye. Mugihe cyamagare yubushyuhe, kwaguka gutandukanye kwatumye inzira imeneka. Isomo? Ikidodo ntabwo igice cya Haynes 25 gusa; ni sisitemu yose yibikoresho. Ugomba kwerekana imikurire yubushyuhe cyangwa, birushijeho kuba byiza, igerageze mubihe bya serivisi byigana.
Kuvura isura ni ingingo mpaka. Bamwe bararahira isahani yoroheje ya chrome cyangwa uburyo bwihariye bwa nitriding kugirango bongere imbaraga zo kwambara mumaso yo gufunga. Nyamara, hamwe na Haynes 25 yihariye ya chromium oxyde igizwe nubushyuhe, ukongeraho ikindi gipfukisho gishobora rimwe na rimwe gutemba cyangwa gusenyuka, bigatuma imyanda itanga hejuru. Mubikorwa byinshi bya serivise zikomeye dukora - tekereza mu kirere cyangwa sisitemu yo gufasha amashanyarazi - icyifuzo gishingiye ku cyuma cyakozwe neza kandi cyiziritse hejuru. Ubusugire bwa kavukire ya oxide nibyingenzi.
Isesengura ryananiwe akenshi ryerekana ibikorwa bya kabiri. Ikirangantego gishobora gutsinda ibizamini, ariko bikananirana muri serivisi kubera gukemura ibyangiritse. Haynes 25, nubwo itoroshye, irashobora gutorwa. Twashyize mu bikorwa porotokore nyuma yo gutunganya imashini dukoresheje ibikoresho bitari ibyuma ndetse n'abashinzwe kurinda inkombe, cyane cyane nyuma yo kubona icyiciro kimwe kindi kashe nziza cyangwa kubera burr yatangijwe mugihe cyo koza intoki. Nibi bisobanuro bya mundane bitandukanya kashe ikora nimwe yizewe.
Ikiburanwa: Ingingo ya Turbine Bypass Ikimenyetso
Urugero rufatika ni umushinga wo kuvugurura umushinga wa gaz turbine. Ikidodo cyumwimerere muri bypass valve actuator cyananiranye imburagihe kubera guhuza umunaniro mwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Umukiriya spec'd Haynes 25 kubasimbuye. Ikibazo cyari igice cyoroheje cyambukiranya igice hafi yiminwa yikidodo, cyakunze kugoreka mugihe cyo gukemura igisubizo gisabwa nyuma yo gukora imashini kugirango igabanye imihangayiko.
Inzira yacu, yatunganijwe binyuze mubigeragezo no kwibeshya, harimo gukora imashini ikarishye, kugabanya impagarara, hanyuma kurangiza gukora hamwe no gukuraho ibicuruzwa bike. Icyubahiro cya nyuma cya dogere 45 ya kashe ya kashe yakozwe kumurongo wabigenewe. Twakoranye cyane nitsinda ryimashini kuri QSY Kuri iyi, gukoresha Imashini ya CNC ubuhanga kubintu bigoye imbere. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihanganira byimazeyo gushora imari yabanjirije inyungu byari inyungu ikomeye, bigabanya igihe cyanyuma cyo gutunganya ningaruka.
Intsinzi ishingiye ku kugenzura imiterere yingano. Ingano ntoya iva muburyo budakwiriye bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe byagabanya ubuzima bwumunaniro muke, nubwo gukomera byari bikwiye. Twarangije kwerekana itanura ryagenzuwe cyane mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa nyuma kugirango twirinde ko carburisation yo hejuru cyangwa decarburisation, yaba yarahungabanije imiterere yikimenyetso. Igice kimaze amezi arenga 18 gikora ntakibazo cyatanzwe - intsinzi nto yemeje inzira.
Inganda Ibitari byo hamwe no gutanga amasoko
Igitekerezo gikocamye ni uko guta 'super alloy' nka Haynes 25 kukibazo cyo gushiraho ikimenyetso bihita bikemura. Ntabwo ari ukuri. Nabonye kashe zashizweho hejuru aho byoroshye, bihendutse bivanze hamwe nigitambaro cyiza-cyaba cyarakoze bihagije. Gutsindishirizwa kuri Haynes 25 bigomba kuba guhuza neza ikirere cya okiside, ubushyuhe burenga 1500 ° F, kandi bukeneye imbaraga zubaka. Bitabaye ibyo, urimo gutwika bije gusa.
Niyo mpamvu gufatanya nuwabitanze yumva urugendo rwuzuye kuva gushonga kugera kumashini ni ngombwa. Uruganda rwa tekiniki na mashini nka QSY ntabwo ari umucuruzi gusa; ni ibikoresho. Iyo muganiriye a Haynes 25 kashe yibikoresho umushinga hamwe nabo, ikiganiro kirashobora kuva muburyo bwiza bwo gutora (ibyabo Igikonoshwa Birashobora kuba byiza kuri geometrike imwe kuruta gushora kuriyi mavuta) kugirango ushyire nyuma ya NDT ibisabwa, inzira zose zo guhuza ama ops ya nyuma ya CNC. Ukwo gukomeza kugabanya ubumenyi buke buganisha ku kunanirwa mu murima.
Indi ngingo ifatika ni iyo kuyobora igihe hamwe no gukurikirana ibintu. Ukuri Haynes 25 ntabwo buri gihe ari mukibanza. Utanga isoko hamwe nibikorwa bimaze igihe kinini muri idasanzwe mubisanzwe yashyizeho urunigi rwo gutanga ibicuruzwa byemewe. Kubidodo bikomeye, ukeneye urusyo rwuzuye, kandi kenshi, kugenzura chimie yinyongera. Aka ntabwo ari agace ko guca inguni hamwe nibikoresho 'bihwanye' bitemewe, kuko imikorere yo gufunga ifitanye isano itaziguye.
Kurangiza Ibitekerezo: Byerekeranye n'inzira
None, niki gituma kashe ya Haynes 25 igenda neza? Ni gake cyane umwanya umwe wa eureka. Ni igiteranyo cyo gutoranya ibintu neza, kumenyekanisha igishushanyo mbonera cyimyitwarire yubushyuhe, gutunganya neza kandi ubizi, hamwe no gukora neza. Ibikoresho birashoboye, ariko ntibibabarira inzira ngufi.
Inganda zihinduka kubatanga isoko-abashobora guterera, kuvura ubushyuhe, hamwe nimashini munsi yinzu imwe - birumvikana kubintu nkibi. Ikomeza ibitekerezo. Niba isura ifunze yerekana ibintu bidasanzwe mugihe cyiperereza ryanyuma, umukanishi arashobora kugisha inama byihuse na metallurgiste wagenzuraga uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe, hamwe numu injeniyeri washinze sisitemu yo kwinjira. Uku gukemura ibibazo gufatanya ni ntagereranywa.
Ubwanyuma, ijambo ryibanze ni 'ubunyangamugayo' - ubunyangamugayo bwa metallurgjiya igice cya Haynes 25 hamwe nuburinganire bwuburyo bukurikirana. Iyo byombi bihuye, ubona kashe idahuye gusa nurupapuro rwihariye, ariko ikora neza muburyo bukomeye, bwinyeganyeza, ubushyuhe bwamagare ya serivise yinganda. Iyo niyo ntego nyayo, kandi igerwaho muburyo burambuye bw'amahugurwa, ntabwo ari ku gatabo kagurisha.
