Iyo abakiriya babajije ibiciro byo guta umucanga, ikintu cya mbere mbabwiye nukwibagirwa igiciro cya kilo bashobora kuba barabonye kumurongo. Ngiyo umutego munini. Igiciro nyacyo ntabwo kiremereye cyicyuma gusa; nibintu byose bibaho mbere yuko icyuma gishongeshejwe no gukora kumusenyi. Njye namaze imyaka muri fondasiyo, kandi impapuro zavuzwe ziza kumeza yanjye akenshi nkabura abashoferi bihishe. Ntabwo ari ugushaka bihendutse, ahubwo ni ukumva ibyo wishyura. Reka tuvunike uhereye kumurongo hejuru.
Aho Amafaranga Ajya Mubyukuri: Bitangirana nicyitegererezo
Umuntu wese yibanze ku bikoresho - ibyuma, ibyuma, ibyuma. Ariko igiciro cyicyitegererezo ni bije yicecekeye yica, cyane cyane kubikorwa bike. Igishushanyo cyoroshye cyibiti kumazu umwe gusa? Ahari birashoboka. Ariko niba ukeneye ituze rinini kubice 500, urareba icyuma cyakozwe. Nibyo gushora imibare itanu mbere yuko ukora igice kimwe. Guhitamo hano gutegeka byose: ubuziranenge bwububiko, inguni zateguwe, ubushobozi bwo kugabanuka. Shakisha icyitegererezo nabi, kandi kuri buri gice kigura skyrockets kubera gukosora intoki zikenewe kuri buri casting. Nabonye imishinga aho igiciro cyikigereranyo cyarenze igiciro cyo gukina icyiciro cya mbere. Nibiguzi byigishoro bigomba kugabanywa, kandi ntabwo abatanga ibicuruzwa bose babonerana kubyo.
Noneho hariho agasanduku k'ibanze. Niba igice cyawe gifite imyenge y'imbere, ukeneye cores. Buri kintu cyose gisaba agasanduku kacyo kugirango kibe ishusho yumucanga. Byinshi bigoye = ibisanduku byinshi = ibikoresho byimbere. Aha niho gukorana numufatanyabikorwa ufite uburambe nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) Itandukaniro. Hamwe nimyaka 30 yabo muri casting, bazi gushushanya imiterere nagasanduku k'ibanze kugirango bikorwe, akenshi byerekana impinduka nto zigabanya cyane ibikoresho bigoye bitagize ingaruka kumikorere. Nubu buhanga bwimbere bugenzura inyuma-impera igiciro cyo guta umucanga.
Ibikoresho byurugero nabyo bifite akamaro. Kumwanya muremure, ibyuma ninzira yonyine. Ariko nigeze gusunika icyerekezo cya epoxy kugirango ikoreshwe hagati yumubiri wibyuma bidafite ingese, nibwira ko tuzakiza. Kwimuka nabi. Ubushyuhe no gukuramo umusenyi wa silika byambaraga igishushanyo munsi ya 100, bikerekana itandukaniro ryatumaga bajugunywa. Biteganijwe ko kuzigama byahanaguwe no kwangwa. Isomo? Ntugabanuke kubikoresho. Igishushanyo nicyo shingiro ryimiterere yikiguzi cyawe cyose.
Inyungu Zihishe: Gutanga no Kurangiza
Kwitanga ni ibanga ryanduye rya igiciro cyo guta umucanga. Utumiza kg 100 ya casting, ariko ugomba gusuka kg 150 yicyuma gishongeshejwe. Kubera iki? Sisitemu yo kwinjirira hamwe na risers - iyo miyoboro igaburira ibyuma mu cyuho - ni bimwe mu buremere bwasutswe ariko bigacibwa kandi bikongera gukoreshwa. Umusaruro nijanisha ryibiro byasutswe bihinduka igice cyanyuma cyoherejwe. Igice kitoroshye, gikikijwe n'inkuta zishobora kugira umusaruro wa 50% cyangwa munsi yayo. Rero, ikiguzi cyibikoresho byikubye kabiri. Abatanga ibicuruzwa bidafite gahunda yo kugenzura bafite umusaruro muke, kandi wishyura iyo myanda.
Aha niho ubuhanga bwo gutunganya butandukanya amaduka. Uruganda rutunganya igishushanyo mbonera kandi rugakoresha software yigana irashobora gusarura umusaruro mwinshi. Ndibuka umushinga munini munini wicyuma ushyiraho bracket kuri QSY. Ba injeniyeri babo bongeye gushushanya amarembo, bava mumiryango gakondo yo hejuru-berekeza kuri sisitemu igenzurwa-yuzuye. Yongereye umusaruro uva kuri 58% ugera kuri 72%. Ihinduka rimwe ryaguye i igiciro cyo guta umucanga hafi 8% kuruhande rwibintu byonyine. Ntabwo ari amarozi; ikoreshwa metallurgie na fluid dinamike.
Noneho haza kurangiza. Ni bangahe Imashini ya CNC irakenewe? Gutera umucanga biguha imiterere-net, ariko isura ikomeye ikenera gutunganywa. Buri milimetero yimigabane usize kugirango ikoreshwe nicyuma cyinyongera wishyuye guta, hanyuma igihe cyinyongera wishyura kugirango ugabanye. Nagiye impaka nabashushanya amasaha menshi kugirango nongereho 1mm yimashini yo gutunganya kumaso idakomeye ugereranije no kurangiza. Iyo 1mm hejuru yubuso bunini bwongera uburemere, igabanya umusaruro, kandi ikongera igihe cyo gukora. Ni casake y'ibiciro. Imyitozo myiza nugushiraho gusa imikorere yimikorere nkimashini zakozwe. Reka abakinyi babe casting ahandi hose.
Umubumbe na Geometrie: Isano itari umurongo
Igiciro ntabwo gipima umurongo hamwe nubunini. Ibice 100 byambere nibyo bihenze cyane kuko bitwara umutwaro wuzuye wuburyo no gushiraho. Igiciro cyo kugabanuka kirahinduka cyane nyuma yibice magana, nkuko urimo kwishyura ibiciro bihinduka nkicyuma, ingufu, nakazi ko kubumba. Ariko hariho urundi rutare: geometrie. Imiterere yoroshye, ihagaritse ihendutse kubumba no muri rusange. Ongeraho urubavu rwimbere, urukuta ruto rwegeranye nibice byimbitse, cyangwa kwihanganira gukomeye kurwego rwa cast-cast, kandi urasaba ibibazo.
Ibice binini bikonje buhoro, biganisha ku kugabanuka kwinshi. Ibice bito bikonje vuba. Shyira hamwe, hanyuma ushireho ingingo zo guhangayika n'amarira ashyushye. Uruganda noneho rugomba kongeramo ubukonje (gushiramo ibyuma mumucanga) cyangwa ibyago bidasanzwe kugirango bigenzure gukomera, byongera imirimo nuburemere. Nize ibi inzira igoye hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cyamazu. Twari dufite flange ya 3mm kuruhande rwa 25mm umutware. Abakinnyi bakomeje gukina. Igisubizo kwari ukongeramo fillet ninzibacyuho gahoro gahoro, itsinda ryabashushanyije ryabanje kurwanya kubwimpamvu nziza. Twabikoze uko byagenda kose, ibice byarahagaze, kandi ikiguzi cyaragabanutse kuko igipimo cyo kwangwa cyaragabanutse. Rimwe na rimwe, gushushanya inzira nigiciro kinini cyo kuzigama.
Nagaciro kamaduka ahuriweho akora casting na Imashini ya CNC. Isosiyete nka QSY, itanga byombi, irashobora gutanga inama guhera. Bashobora kuvuga bati, Kureka urwo rukuta nkuwakinnye, ariko ukore iyi bore 2mm idashyizwe munsi kugirango dushobore kuyikora kugeza kurangiza neza no kwihanganira. Babona urugendo rwose kuva kumusenyi kugeza igice cyarangiye, kubwibyo inama zabo zuzuye ziruzuye, ntabwo zacitsemo ibice.
Ikinyoma cyibintu: Ntabwo ibyuma byose bingana
Nibyuma gusa ni interuro itera ubwoba. Icyuma cyijimye, icyuma cyumubyimba, icyuma cyangiza (ADI) - buriwese afite igiciro cyinshi cyibikoresho fatizo nibisabwa gutunganywa. Ibyuma byangiza bisaba kuvura magnesium, byongera intambwe nigiciro. Amavuta adasanzwe? Iyo ni iyindi si. QSY urutonde rwibikoresho nka nikel ishingiye kuri nikel, ishobora kugura inshuro 10-20 kurenza ikiro kurenza icyuma gisanzwe. Ariko ikiguzi kinini ntabwo ari igiciro cya ingot gusa; ni ugukemura. Iyi mavuta ikenera kugenzura cyane gushonga, umucanga utandukanye kugirango wirinde kwanduza, no kuvura ubushyuhe bwihariye.
Guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye nigiciro-cyo gukora-kugurisha. Nakoraga ku isahani yo kwambara ibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro. Icyambere cyambere cyari icyuma cya chromium cyera cyane kugirango irwanye cyane. Uwiteka igiciro cyo guta umucanga yari hejuru, kandi kuyitunganya nyuma byari bibi. Twabishushanyijeho mucyuma cyo hasi-kivanze hamwe n'ubuso bukomeye. Yakoze 80% kimwe na 50% yikiguzi cyose. Umukiriya yarishimye. Uruhare rwumushinga nugutanga aya mahitamo, ntabwo ari ugukora icapiro buhumyi.
Igipimo cyibisigazwa nabyo biterwa nibikoresho. Ibikoresho bimenetse bikunda kumeneka mugihe cyo kunyeganyega (gukuramo umucanga) cyangwa guca amarembo. Igipimo kinini cyo gusiba gicecekesha igiciro cyawe cyiza kubice byiza. Uruganda rwizewe ruzagira inzira zihamye kugirango iki gipimo gikomeze, niyo mpamvu kuramba mubucuruzi, nkimyaka mirongo itatu ya QSY, akenshi bifitanye isano nigiciro gito cyihishe. Babonye kunanirwa kandi bubaka sisitemu zo kubyirinda.
Kurenga Amagambo: Igiciro Cyuzuye cya Nyirubwite
Hanyuma, nyabyo igiciro cyo guta umucanga ni igiciro rusange cya nyirubwite. Kasting ihendutse yananiwe mumurima cyangwa itera ibyumweru byo kongera gukora mumaduka yawe yimashini nigice gihenze cyane uzagura. Guhoraho ni ngombwa. Abakinnyi 500 bazakina bazaba bameze nkabambere? Itandukaniro rinini rigira ingaruka kumurongo wawe. Kwinjizamo cyangwa kwikinisha birashobora gutera kumeneka cyangwa kunanirwa muburyo.
Aha niho ibyemezo no gutunganya ibyangombwa. Icyemezo gikwiye cyibikoresho, raporo yubugenzuzi bwingingo ya mbere, imbonerahamwe igenzura - ibi byongeramo sliver kubiciro byikiguzi ariko bikiza umutungo mukaga. Kubice byingenzi, burigihe nteganya ibi. Ni ubwishingizi.
Noneho, mugihe urimo gusuzuma igiciro cyo guta umucanga, reba inyuma yumurongo wo hasi kuri cote. Baza ingamba zerekana icyitegererezo, ubaze kubyerekeye umusaruro uteganijwe, wumve igishushanyo mbonera kirangiye, hanyuma uhitemo umufatanyabikorwa ubona ishusho yose. Intego ntabwo ari igiciro cyo hasi kuri buri gice; nigiciro gito cyane kubice byizewe, bikora bikura ibicuruzwa byawe kumuryango. Nibyo kubara bifite akamaro rwose muruganda.
