Iyo wunvise 'shell molding polat casting part', benshi batekereza ko ari ubundi buryo bwo guta umucanga. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Ninyamaswa itandukanye, hamwe n amategeko yayo bwite, ibisambo, hamwe nubuso burashobora kugushuka ukibwira ko byakozwe. Inkuru nyayo ntabwo iri mu gatabo keza cyane; ni mugutunganya umucanga uhujwe na resin, ihungabana ryubushyuhe mugihe cyo gusuka, hamwe nintambara yoroheje igaragara nyuma yo gukata bwa mbere. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi binanirana kuko babifata nkigitonyanga cyo gusimbuza ishoramari cyangwa umucanga wicyatsi. Yicaye ahantu heza - birasobanutse neza kuruta guta umucanga bisanzwe, ntibihendutse kuruta ishoramari ryuzuye kuri geometrike, ariko hamwe nigishushanyo cyihariye cyihariye cyo gukora ibicuruzwa. Ninzira ihemba uburambe, kandi ihana ibitekerezo.
Igikonoshwa Igikorwa: Aho Theory Ihurira Igorofa
Igitabo cyunvikana neza: kora icyuma gishyushye, kijugunya umusenyi utwikiriye, reka igishishwa, gikize. Ukuri ni imbyino yubushyuhe nigihe. Ibisigarira bya fenolike bitwikiriye umucanga ntabwo bihuza gusa; igipimo cyacyo cyo gukiza gitegeka igikonjo nimbaraga. Niba ubushyuhe bwawe bwikigereranyo budahuye-vuga, urwego rwibanze rwisanduku nigice gikonje-ubona umwanya udakomeye. Ahantu hakeye hashobora gufatwa mugihe cyo gutunganya, ariko bikananirana munsi yumuvuduko wa ferrostatike wibyuma byashongeshejwe, bigatera gushira cyangwa kurangiza. Nukunanirwa udashobora kubona kugeza igihe uzunguza casting.
Ibyuma, cyane cyane ibipimo-bito cyangwa karubone isanzwe mumibiri ya valve cyangwa imirongo yubatswe, itangiza indi variable: ubushyuhe. Gusuka ibyuma 1500 ° C + mubyuma byoroshye, bisobekeranye bikora ibishishwa byinshi. Imyuka igomba guhunga, cyangwa ukabona ubwoba. Aho niho igishushanyo cyo gushushanya ku gishushanyo no mu nteko rusange iba ingirakamaro. Ntabwo ari ugusunika umwobo gusa; birasobanutse inzira ya gazi kuva mugihe icyuma gikubise kugeza igihe gikomeye. Ndibuka akazi kumazu ya pompe, aho twakomeje kubona ibyobo byo munsi y'ubutaka hafi ya flange. Igisubizo nticyari umuyaga mwinshi, ahubwo wasubizaga ingengabihe yambere kugirango uhindure icyuma gitembera imbere, bituma imyuka isunikwa imbere yumuyaga uhari aho gufatwa.
Aha niho uruganda ruramba rwerekana. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu mugukina, byagira isomero ryimbitse ryibishushanyo hamwe na sisitemu yo guhindura sisitemu ya geometrie isanzwe. Ubwo bumenyi butuje-kumenya ko uburebure bwurukuta runaka kuri a Igiceri kibumba ibyuma ikeneye umushinga utandukanye gato ugereranije na moderi ya CAD yerekana ko irekurwa rihoraho - nicyo gitandukanya igice cyimikorere numusaruro mwinshi, ubunyangamugayo bwinshi. Urashobora kubisanga kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com - ubunararibonye bwabo muri shell no gushora imari bivuze ko basobanukiwe nubucuruzi hagati yimikorere.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho: Ntabwo ari ibyuma gusa
Kugaragaza ibyuma ninzira nziza yo kubona igice gishobora gukora, ariko ntabwo ari byiza. Igikonoshwa gikora urutonde, ariko buriwese yitwara ukundi. Ibyuma bya karubone nka 1020 cyangwa 1030 birababarira, ariko kubice bikeneye imbaraga nyinshi nkibikoresho byo guhuza imizigo, urasimbuka kuri 4130 cyangwa 4140. Nibwo mbere yo gushyushya ibishushanyo biba birenze ibyifuzo; ni itegeko gukumira gucika vuba vuba umuvuduko ukonje. Kuzimya no kurakara bikunze gukurikira gukina bigomba gushyirwaho muburyo bwambere bwo gushushanya kugirango habeho kugoreka ibintu.
Noneho ufite amanota adafite ingese. 304, 316 - nibisanzwe basaba ibikoresho birwanya ruswa. Ikibazo hano ni amazi yicyuma no kugabanuka. Umuyonga ntutemba nkibyuma bya karubone, kandi bikurura byinshi uko bikomera. Niba sisitemu yo kugaburira (risers) idafite ubunini kandi igashyirwa neza kubutaka bwihariye, warangiza ukagabanuka. Nabonye icyiciro cya 316L imiyoboro ya flake aho ihuriro rwagati ryumvikanye, ariko uruziga rwa bolt rwaragabanutse mikoro, biganisha kumeneka mukibazo. Gukosora byari kongeramo utuntu duto, ingamba zifatika mugikonoshwa kugirango zerekane icyerekezo gikomeye, tweak yavuye muguhuza hamwe nimyitwarire isa na nikel.
Tuvuze ibinyobwa bidasanzwe, niho inzira ishobora kumurika cyangwa guhinduka inzozi mbi. QSY ivuga gukorana na cobalt hamwe na nikel ishingiye kuri alloys. Ibi bikunze gukoreshwa mubice bikomeye bya serivisi - valve trim kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa peteroli na gaze, cyangwa kwambara amasahani mubucukuzi. Ingingo zabo zo gushonga ziri hejuru, chimie yunvikana. Igikonoshwa kigomba kuba cyumye rwose (ubuhehere ubwo aribwo bwose butera hydrogène pickup na embrittlement), kandi tekinike yo gusuka igomba kwihuta kandi idafite imivurungano kugirango yirinde kwaduka. Nibikinisho byinshi. Kubona ijwi Igiceri kibumba ibyuma muri Monel cyangwa Hastelloy ni igipimo cyubushobozi bwo gushinga.
Dimensional Tightrope: Icyerekezo nukuri
Kwihanganira kwamamaza kubishushanyo mbonera ni ± 0.005 muri./in. cyangwa byiza. Ibyo birashoboka, ariko nigiciro cyizina kurindege yoroshye. Amayeri nyayo ni ugukomeza ibyo kuruhande rugoye rwo gutandukana, cyangwa kubintu byakozwe ninteko rusange. Igikonoshwa ubwacyo kirakomeye, nibyiza, ariko inzira yo guhuza ibishishwa bibiri igice hamwe hamwe na adhesive ni isoko yamakosa. Bifata cyane, kandi bikanyerera mu cyuho, bigakora flash. Kudahuza na kimwe cya kabiri cya milimetero biratekwa.
Twize ibi inzira igoye kumurongo wa gearbox. Moderi ya CAD yari itunganye, icyitegererezo cyari CNC-yakozwe kuri spec. Ariko ibipapuro byerekana aho ibikoresho byari byambaye gato. Igisubizo cyabaye guhuza guhuza hagati ya bolt bore cores mubice bibiri. Abakinnyi batsindiye igenzura ryambere, ariko mugihe cyo gutunganya, imyitozo yacika kubera ko bores zitari hagati. Igihombo nticyari abakinnyi gusa; cyari igihe cyo gutunganya ibikoresho. Igisubizo cyari gahunda itajenjetse yo gufata neza ibikoresho no guhinduranya kuri ceramic alignement pin kumirimo ikomeye.
Iyi mikoranire hagati yo gukina no gutunganya ni ngombwa. Uruganda rutanga integuza Imashini ya CNC, nkuko QSY ibikora, ifite inyungu nyamukuru. Abakanishi babo babona gutandukana kwisubiramo ubwabo - birashoboka ko urukuta ruteganye numurongo wo gutandukana ruhora rufite + 0.3mm yinyongera. Icyo gitekerezo kijya mu iduka ryicyitegererezo kugirango gikosorwe ku bikoresho bizakurikiraho. Ifunga uruziga. Iyo ukomora a Igiceri kibumba ibyuma kubitanga nkibyo, ntabwo ugura casting gusa; urimo kugura urwego rwibikoresho byukuntu icyo gice cyitwara kuva kurugero kugeza urusyo rwuzuye.
Iyo bigenze nabi: Isesengura ryananiwe nkigikoresho
Ntabwo akazi kose kagenda neza. Abize ni kunanirwa. Hariho igice cya hydraulic manifold, akantu gato ariko gafite umubyimba ufite imiyoboro y'imbere. Ibikoresho byari 8620, amahitamo rusange. Icyitegererezo cya mbere cyasaga neza, gifite isuku. Ariko igeragezwa ryumuvuduko ryagaragaje ko yamenetse. Radiografiya yerekanaga urusobe rwiza, rufitanye isano na porosity mubice byinshi. Microporosity ya kera. Nyirabayazana? Igikonoshwa, kubwinyungu zacyo zose, gikonjesha ibyuma byihuse kuruta icyatsi kinini kibisi. Mubice byimbitse, ibi birashobora kuganisha kubidendezi byamazi byugarije mugihe cyo gukomera, bidashobora kugaburira.
Tugomba guhindura igice. Ntabwo igishushanyo mbonera gikora, ahubwo ni igishushanyo mbonera. Twongeyeho imbavu zoroshye zo hanze - ntabwo ari imbaraga, ahubwo twakoraga nk'imbeho ikonje kugirango duteze imbere gukomera. Twahinduye kandi amarembo yo kugaburira igice kibyibushye duhereye kumurongo wo hasi. Cyakoze. Icyakurikijwe nuko gushushanya ibishishwa rimwe na rimwe bigusaba gushushanya kubikorwa bikarishye kuruta ubundi buryo, kabone niyo byaba bisaba kongeramo garama cyangwa bibiri byicyuma mubice bidakomeye kugirango umenye neza.
Ikindi gisanzwe, kunanirwa byoroshye ni icyuma cyinjira. Ibyuma ntabwo byinjira mu mucanga, ariko ubushyuhe bwinshi burashobora kumenagura ibyuma bisigara ku cyuma kibumba icyuma, bigatuma ibyuma byamazi byinjira mu musenyi. Irema ubuso butajegajega, bwahujwe ninzozi mbi kumashini. Bikunze kubaho mumifuka yimbitse, ifunganye cyangwa munsi yingaruka zimanuka. Ubusanzwe gukosorwa biri mumusenyi-ingano nziza cyangwa ingano itandukanye ya kariya gace k'icyitegererezo. Nibisobanuro urabona gusa mugukata ibisakuzo hanyuma ukareba as-cast munsi munsi yo gukuza.
Ikigereranyo cyubukungu: Kuki Shell, Kuki Atari Ikindi?
None, ni ryari gushushanya ibishishwa byumvikana mubukungu? Ntabwo aribwo buryo buhendutse bwo gukoresha ibikoresho. Ibishushanyo by'ibyuma bihenze. Ariko kubiruka kuva ku magana kugeza ku bihumbi mirongo, akenshi itsindira igiciro cyose kuri buri gice. Uzigama cyane mugihe cyo gutunganya bitewe nuburyo bwa net-net hamwe nubuso bwiza bwo kurangiza (akenshi 125-250 μin Ra as-cast). Mugabanye gusukura imirimo yo mucyumba kuko nta mucanga uremereye. Guhuza ibipimo bigabanya ibisakuzo mugukora nyuma.
Gereranya no gushora imari kumwanya muto. Kubintu bigoye, byometseho uruzitiro rwa turbine mubyuma bidafite ingese, ishoramari ni umwami. Ariko kubirenzeho bikomeye, byoroshye igice cyo guta ibyuma nk'ikamyo yikamyo yikaraga cyangwa inyanja ya marine, ibishishwa bitanga ibisobanuro bisa kubiciro buke-kuri-kg yicyuma, kandi hamwe nigihe cyihuta. Icyemezo matrix kirimo ubunini bwigice (shell ni nini kubunini buringaniye), bigoye (cores imbere ni nziza), ibivanze, nubunini.
Uru nirwo rubanza rutanga isoko rumaze kuzana. Urebye urugero rwa QSY - gushushanya ibishishwa, gushora imari, no gutunganya - bahagaze kugirango batange izo nama zitabogamye. Bashobora kureba igishushanyo bakavuga bati, Kuri iyi geometrie muri 17-4PH, ishoramari rishobora kuba ryiza kubice 500 byambere, ariko niba ingano yumwaka ari 5000, reka dutezimbere igishishwa. Iyo nama ni iy'agaciro nka casting ubwayo. Birakubuza gukora-injeniyeri birenze cyangwa guhitamo imwe igomba kugira ibibazo byumusaruro. Amaherezo, uwatsinze Igiceri kibumba ibyuma ntabwo ari ibijyanye gusa na fondasiyo isuka ibyuma byiza; ni uguhitamo ikibuga cyintambara uhereye mugitangira, hamwe nibibazo byayo byose, imbogamizi zifatika muburyo bwuzuye.
