Iyo abantu benshi bumvise ibice byicyuma bidasanzwe, bashushanya agace koroheje karekare gato kurenza uko bisanzwe, cyangwa wenda ibikoresho bifite ibara ryinyo ridasanzwe. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Mubyukuri, ni isi isobanurwa no kubura numero ya catalog. Ntabwo ari ibijyanye gusa; nijyanye no gukora igisubizo gikora aho igice kitari cyananiwe, akenshi mugihe cyo guhana ubushyuhe, guhangayika, cyangwa ruswa. Ikibazo nyacyo ntabwo ari ugukora gusa - ni ugukora neza mugihe nta ntangarugero tugomba gukurikiza.
Intandaro yo Kudasanzwe: Ninzira, ntabwo Igicuruzwa
Ntushobora gutandukanya ibi bice nurunigi rwibikorwa. Igishushanyo kigwa kumeza yawe - akenshi igishushanyo mbonera cya injeniyeri - kandi ikibazo cya mbere ntidushobora gukora imashini? Ni iki? Imikorere itegeka byose: ibikoresho, uburyo bwo gukina, kwihanganira imashini. Kurugero, ibice byubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwibikoresho byimiti ntabwo ari igice cyicyuma gusa. Itangira nkigishoro gishyizwe muri nikel ishingiye kuri nikel kugirango ikemure ruswa, hanyuma ikore CNC itunganijwe neza kubutaka bwa kashe, ikurikirwa no kuvura ubushyuhe bwihariye. Igice cyavutse kuri uru ruhererekane. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu bakurikirana uburambe haba mugukina no gutunganya munsi yinzu imwe, ibona ibi imbere. Urashobora kubona uburyo bwabo kurubuga rwabo kuri https: //www.tsingtaocnc.com - ntibatanga serivisi gusa; berekana ubushobozi bwuzuye. Uru ni urufunguzo. Guhinga guta kumaduka imwe no gutunganya ikindi gice cyukuri kitari gisanzwe ni resept yo gutunga urutoki mugihe hari ibitagenda neza.
Guhitamo ibikoresho niho ibyemezo byambere byingenzi bibera, kandi aho amakosa ahenze. Umukiriya yigeze gutsimbarara kuri 316 idafite umwanda kugirango agire uruhare mu bidukikije bya chlorine cyane, bitewe n’inganda. Twasubije inyuma, twerekana duplex idafite ingese cyangwa na nikel ivanze. Bajyanye na 316 kugirango babike ikiguzi. Nyuma y'amezi atandatu, twateguraga umusimbura washyizwe kuri alloy 20. Isomo? Ibidasanzwe bikunze gusobanura ibidukikije bikora nabyo ntibisanzwe. Amasomero yibikoresho ubona kurubuga nka QSY, urutonde ibintu byose uhereye kumyuma kugeza kumyanda ya cobalt, ntabwo ari menu gusa; ni igitabo cyo gukemura ibyo bibazo bidukikije bitavuzwe.
Icyiciro cya prototyping ni ubugome. Niho igishushanyo mbonera gihura nukuri kumubiri. Urashobora kuba ufite moderi nziza ya CAD yinzu igoye, yuzuye uruzitiro rwa turbine muri Inconel. Ariko se igishishwa cyibishishwa gishobora kugera kuri ubwo bunini bwurukuta nta nenge? Ibikoresho bya CNC birashobora kugera kumuyoboro w'imbere nta gutandukana? Twagize ibishushanyo bisa neza ariko bidusaba guteza imbere ibikoresho byabigenewe gusa kugirango dufate igihangano mugihe cyo gutunganya, twongere 30% mugihe cyagenwe. Nibiciro byihishe byimirimo itari isanzwe. Ntabwo ari imikorere idahwitse; ni umusoro wa R&D.
Iyo Gutera no Gukora Imashini Kugongana (Mubisanzwe)
Ubu ni bwo buryo burambuye burabagirana hejuru: amaboko kuva mu ruganda kugeza mu iduka ryimashini. Kubice bisanzwe, ufite sp. Kubice bitari bisanzwe, ushiraho ibisobanuro ukoresheje ingingo yambere. Igikonoshwa cyibishishwa, kizwiho ubuso bwiza bwo kurangiza no kugereranya neza, kiracyafite impinduka - igipimo cyo kugabanuka gitandukana gato nicyiciro, cyane cyane kivanze. Umukanishi akeneye kumenya aho datum iri kuri casting mbisi. Nubuso? Umwobo windege? Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare dukoresheje imashini iva kumurongo wa pompe. Igisubizo cyari igice cyakozwe neza cyane gifite ubugari bwurukuta rwatandukanijwe na 1.5mm, bikagira akamaro. Noneho, inzira ikubiyemo igenamigambi ryibanze kuri casting yambere, kuyisiga irangi irangi ryubururu no kwandika datum yimashini nyirizina. Nubuhanga buke ariko ni ngombwa.
CNC itunganya ibyuma bidasanzwe ni iyindi nyamaswa. Ntabwo utangirana na bilet imwe. Urimo kwizirika kumurongo utoroshye, akenshi utaringaniye, gukina. Igice cya mbere kirakomeye - gishyiraho indege yawe kandi akenshi kigaragaza ububobere bwo munsi y'ubutaka. Ndibuka ibikoresho binini byuma byuma byambaye ubusa aho igikoresho cyaganiriye kuri pass ya mbere. Twabonye ahantu hakomeye, akarere ka chill kuva muri casting. Urutonde rwose rwo gutunganya rwagombaga guhindurwa hejuru yisazi, kugabanya ibiryo n'umuvuduko. Niba uri iduka ryimashini ugura casting mbisi kubandi bantu, uku kuvumbura kuganisha ku guhagarara no gushinja. Iyo uruganda rukora imashini hamwe nimashini byahujwe, nko kuri QSY, ibitekerezo birahita. Itsinda ryashinzwe rishobora guhindura ubushyuhe bwo gusuka cyangwa gutwikirwa muburyo bukurikira, kandi itsinda ryimashini rihuza gahunda yabo. Ihindura ikibazo muburyo bwo kunoza inzira.
Noneho hariho geometrie itanga programmes umutwe. Umufuka wimbere wimbere, uhagaritse kugabanuka kubushoramari-butera turbine, impande zidasanzwe. Ntabwo ari ubushobozi bwa 5-axis gusa; bijyanye ningamba zinzira. Gukoresha igikoresho kirekire cyane birashobora gutera gutandukana, kwangiza kwihanganira. Rimwe na rimwe, ugomba gushushanya no gukora ibikoresho bidasanzwe cyangwa ibikoresho byabigenewe. Intego ntabwo ari ugukuraho ibyuma gusa; ni ukubikora udateye guhangayika cyangwa kunyeganyega bishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yanyuma. Aha niho imyaka 30 yinyuma QSY ivuga ntabwo ari umurongo wo kwamamaza - ni isomero ryibisubizo byashize kugirango tuvane mugihe ikibazo gishya, kidasanzwe nikigera.
Alloy Dilemma: Uburyo budasanzwe buhenze, ariko birakenewe
Abakiriya bahina kuri cote ya cobalt ishingiye kubice. Ndabibona. Igiciro cyibikoresho kuri kilo kiratangaje. Gutsindishirizwa ntabwo biri mubikoresho ubwabyo, ariko mubitsinzwe birinda. Twakoze ku kintu cyo gukuramo plastike bipfa - isahani yo kwambara. Ibyuma bisanzwe byuma byamara amezi 3 mumashanyarazi, ashyushye ya polymer. Twabishushanyijeho muri cobalt-chromium alloy (Ubwoko bwa satelite). Gutunganya byari inzozi mbi; ikora-igahita ikomera, bisaba gushiraho bikomeye nibikoresho bikarishye, ibikoresho bya karbide kabuhariwe. Ariko iyo sahani yamaze amezi arenga 18. Kuzigama kumanura byaragabanije igiciro cyigice. Ubuhanga hano ni bubiri: kumenya igihe cyo gutanga inama zidasanzwe, no kumenya gukorana nabo. Ntabwo ari ubushobozi ugura gusa; urayubaka ukoresheje ibikoresho byangiritse hamwe na robine yamenetse.
Ubushyuhe bwo kuvura aya mavuta adasanzwe asanzwe nyuma yimashini nubundi bucukuzi. Kubyuma byinshi bikora cyane hamwe na nikel alloys, kuvura ubushyuhe nibyingenzi kugirango ugere kubintu bikenewe - gukomera, imbaraga zingana, kugabanya imihangayiko. Ariko kuvura ubushyuhe birashobora gutera kugoreka. Urukurikirane rufite akamaro kanini. Waba imashini itoroshye, ivura ubushyuhe, hanyuma ukarangiza imashini? Cyangwa ukora imashini byuzuye, hanyuma ubushyuhe bukavura ubushyuhe buke kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe? Nta gisubizo cy'igitabo. Biterwa na geometrie y igice, imyitwarire ya alloy, hamwe no kwihanganira kwa nyuma. Tugomba gusiba ibyiciro kuko twabonye urukurikirane nabi kuburyo bushya bw'igice, nubwo twakoresheje amavuta amwe mbere. Buri geometrie nshya ni igerageza rishya.
Itumanaho: Igikoresho Cyingenzi Cyane-Igikoresho
Kunanirwa gukomeye ntibikunze guturuka kubushobozi buke bwa tekiniki. Bituruka ku cyuho cyitumanaho. Injeniyeri ashushanya imikorere. Uruganda rutekereza mubijyanye na castability. Umukanishi atekereza mubijyanye no kubona ibikoresho no kwihanganira. Iyo ibi ari ibintu bitandukanye, ubona umukino wa terefone. Igishushanyo kirasobanurwa, hanyuma cyongera gusobanurwa. Icyitonderwa cyingenzi kijyanye no gufunga hejuru (vuga, 0.8μm Ra) irashobora gutakara mugihe igishushanyo cyayihamagaye gusa mubisobanuro rusange ntabwo biri kumurongo wihariye wo guhamagara. Ubu dushimangira guhamagarwa gutangira akazi katoroshye kadasanzwe, hamwe na injeniyeri wumukiriya, uruganda rwacu, hamwe nimashini zacu ziyobora byose kumurongo. Tunyuze hejuru kumurongo kumurongo, tubaza byose. Iyi radiyo igomba kuba 3mm, cyangwa ni iyo gukuraho gusa? Turashobora kongeramo igikoresho gito cyo kugera hano? Iki kiganiro gifite agaciro kuruta software zose zateye imbere.
Niyo mpamvu amateka yimikorere yisosiyete afite akamaro. Iyo ubonye ko firime nka QSY amaze imyaka isaga 30 mu gukina no gutunganya, bivuze ko bashobora kuba barateguye akazi kabo kugirango borohereze ubu buryo nyabwo bwo kuganira. Byatetse mubikorwa byabo. Urubuga rwabo, https: Iyo miterere ntabwo ari impanuka; ni igisubizo kubikenewe byibanze muri ibice bitari bisanzwe isi: kwishyira hamwe kuva icyuma gishongeshejwe kugeza igice cyarangiye.
Inyandiko niyo nkingi yanyuma, idahwitse. Kubice bisanzwe, wohereza hamwe nicyemezo cyo guhuza. Kubice bitari bisanzwe, ukenera kenshi dossier yuzuye: impapuro zerekana ibikoresho, imbonerahamwe yo kuvura ubushyuhe, raporo yo kugenzura ingingo ya mbere hamwe namakuru ya CMM, ndetse namafoto yibyiciro bikomeye. Ntabwo ari bureaucracy; birashoboka. Iyo icyo gice gishyinguwe mumateraniro miriyoni y'amadorari nyuma yimyaka ibiri hanyuma havutse ikibazo, iyo dossier niyo myugariro yonyine. Kubaka ibi mubikorwa bitemba kuva kumunsi wa mbere ni ikimenyetso cyumutanga ukuze.
Mu kurangiza, Nibijyanye no Gukemura Ikibazo kitanditse
None, mubyukuri tuvuga iki hamwe nibice bitari ibyuma bisanzwe? Ntabwo dukora ikintu gusa. Turimo gushakisha igisubizo cyikibazo kitarakemutse mbere muburyo bumwe. Agaciro ntabwo kari mu kilo cyicyuma cyoherejwe. Ni mubumenyi bwinjijwemo - gusobanukirwa uburyo amavuta ashingiye kuri nikel atemba muburyo bwishoramari, ubushishozi bwaho washyira riser kugirango wirinde kugabanuka mubyuma bigoye, uburambe bwo guhitamo igifuniko gikwiye kubikoresho bya karbide bisya kobalt.
Numurima uyobowe nibidasanzwe, ntabwo ari amategeko. Igice cyose gishya ni umushinga muto, hamwe ningaruka zawo hamwe no kwigira umurongo. Ibigo bimara, byubaka izina ryimyaka 30 nka QSY, babikora bashiraho uburyo bakemura ibyo bidasanzwe - atari kubigira ibisanzwe, ahubwo nukugira inzira ikomeye, itumanaho, kandi ihuriweho ishobora gukurura impinduka kandi igatanga igice gikora. Igihe gikurikira ubonye RFQ idasanzwe, reba ushize igishushanyo. Reba niba utanga isoko abaza imikorere, ibidukikije, uburyo bwo kunanirwa igice cyabanjirije. Nicyo kimenyetso bari mubucuruzi bwo gukemura ibibazo, ntabwo guca ibyuma gusa.
