Gucumura ni umutima wumutima wa powder metallurgie-aho ifu yicyuma irekuye ihinduka ibintu byinshi, bikora. Mu kigo cyacu gikorera i Qingdao, twacumuye ibice birenga 12.000 bya cobalt-nikel hamwe n’ibyuma bitagira umwanda kuva mu mwaka wa 2018. Buri kwiruka byananiye byatwigishije ikintu: igipimo cy’ubushyuhe gifite agaciro kuruta igihe cyo gufata umwanya wa AMS 5387; ikirere cyera gikora cyangwa kimena T800 alloy plug plug ubunyangamugayo; no gutanura itanura bigira ingaruka zitaziguye mumazu ya piston pompe. Ibi ntabwo aribyo kwitegereza ibitabo-ni amasomo yo mumirongo nyayo itanga umusaruro wamazi ya hydraulic yagereranijwe na 420 MPa hamwe na winch center shaft umuzingo uhura na ruswa-spray kumasaha 1.500+.
Gucumura bisanzwe: Biracyafite akazi-Iyo bihuye
Abakiriya benshi bibwira ko gucumura bisanzwe bisobanura "shyushya mu kirere." Ntibikwiye. Mu itanura ryacu ISO ryujuje ibisabwa, gucumura bisanzwe bisobanura kugenzura neza ibintu bitatu bihinduka: igipimo cyo gushyushya (mubisanzwe 3-5 ° C / min), ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (1120–1280 ° C kumashanyarazi, 1320–1380 ° C kubutaka bwa cobalt), nigihe cyo gutura (iminota 30-90). Dukoresha gaze ya endothermic (N₂ - H₂ ivanga) kubice bitagira umwanda hamwe na argon-isukuye cyane kuri T800 na AMS 5387 - kubera ko na 20 ppm ogisijeni itera okiside yubutaka yangiza umuvuduko wumuvuduko wa valve. Ubu buryo butanga 92-95% yubucucike. Birahenze kandi birasubirwamo-ariko ntabwo kubice bikeneye> 97% ubucucike cyangwa geometrike igoye ifite inkuta zoroshye. Twanze ubu buryo bwa cobalt alloy nozzles isaba zeru imbere imbere muburyo bukomeye.
Gukoresha igitutu-Gucumura: Ubucucike butabangamiwe
Iyo abakiriya basabye hafi-yuzuye yuzuye idafite imashini ya nyuma ya sinter, duhindura uburyo bufashwa nigitutu. Gukanda Isostatike Ashyushye (HIP) ikoresha 100-200 MPa ya argon igitutu kimwe mugihe cyo gushyushya - guhagarika imyanda isigaye ifunze. Dukoresha HIP kuri buri AMS 5387 amazu ya pompe agenewe serivisi ya peteroli na gazi. Igisubizo? Ubucucike bwa 99.8%, ubuzima bwumunaniro mwinshi hejuru ya 15%, no kurandura inenge ya micro-shrinkage itera kumeneka hakiri kare murwego rwo hejuru. Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) ikora muburyo butandukanye: amashanyarazi ya DC ahita anyura mumashanyarazi, bigatuma ubushyuhe bwihuse (kugeza 1000 ° C / min) hamwe nigihe cyo kuzenguruka. Dushiraho SPS kuri prototype T800 itari isanzwe aho geometrie ibuza gushyushya HIP imwe-nkibishingwe bya pompe ya asimmetrike hamwe nugushira hamwe. Ubwo buryo bwombi bugura 2,3-3.7 × kuruta gucumura bisanzwe - ariko gabanya ibice 68% kubice byimodoka zambara cyane.
Ibirere bigenzurwa na Atmosifike: Aho Chimie ihura na Geometrie
Ikirere ntabwo ari ukurinda okiside gusa - igira uruhare runini mu gucumura. Mu gucumura hydrogène, H₂ igabanya okiside yo hejuru kandi igatera ikwirakwizwa ryubutaka. Turayikoresha mubyuma bisaba imbaraga za magnetiki muri hydraulic solenoid cores. Guhindura imyuka ikuraho imyuka yose ikora ariko igasaba isuku yifu yifu - amavuta yose asigara ahindagurika cyane, bigatera ibisebe. Twabitse icyuho cya cobalt alloy plugs aho ipikipiki ya karubone iva mu kirere gishingiye kuri azote yatesha agaciro ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Kubishingwe bya pompe idafite ibyuma byangiza ibidukikije bya chloride, twongeyeho hydrogène igenzurwa 5% muri azote kugirango tugabanye neza Cr₂O₃ itagabanije. Wibeshye? Twabonye igihombo cya 0.3% mumbaraga zumusaruro-kandi twanze kg 172 yibikoresho mugice kimwe.
Impamvu Guhitamo kwawe Guhindura Byose-Kurenga Ubucucike
Ubucucike bufite akamaro-ariko ni igenzura ryambere. Uburyo bwo gucumura buteganya imiterere, ingano yo kugabana, hamwe no guhangayika. Gucumura bisanzwe bya 17-4PH bitagira umwanda bitanga ibinyampeke bigabanya kwihanganira umunaniro mukibaya cyumuvuduko. HIP itunganijwe neza microstructures itanga ibinyampeke byiza, byinshi - byongerera ubuzima serivisi 4.2 × mugihe cyibigeragezo. Isura yo kurangiza nayo ihinduka: Ibice bya HIP bisaba 30% bike gusya kwa nyuma kugirango ukande Ra ≤0.4 µm kumaso. Kugenzura ibipimo bitandukanye cyane - gucumura bisanzwe bigabanuka 12-15% kumurongo; HIP igabanuka 0.8-1.3% gusa, reka dufate ± 0,02 mm kumazu ya silindiri ya 280-mm ya diametre nta gutunganya kabiri. Kandi amateka yubushyuhe agira ingaruka kumashini: T800 yacumuye imashini zisanzwe kuri 18 m / min; HIP ivurwa T800 isaba 8 m / min igipimo cyibiryo hamwe na karbide yihariye. Dushushanya ibyo bicuruzwa mugihe cyo gusuzuma-ntabwo nyuma yo kugenzura ingingo ya mbere.
Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwo gucumura munganda ya powder metallurgie ibikorwa bitandukanya prototypes ikora nibice-byingenzi bikora. Kuri QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., Duhuza ingamba zo gucumura kuri fiziki ikoreshwa - ntabwo ari imibare gusa. Amazi ya hydraulic yamashanyarazi abona HIP. Ibyuma byinshi cyane bikozwe muri hydrogène. Cobalt alloy nozzles isaba zero porosity kubona SPS. Guhitamo neza gutangirana nuburyo igice cyananiwe-ntabwo ari bije yawe. Twemeje ibyemezo byose birwanya impagarara zifatika kwisi, kwangirika kwangirika, no kwihanganira inteko. Kuberako mubice byinganda byuzuye, gucumura ntabwo ari intambwe. Ni umusingi.
