The zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi zvinosanganisira kudururira simbi yakanyungudutswa muforoma ine gomo rechimiro chaunoda, zvichiita kuti itonhore uye igosimba. Iyi yechinyakare asi ichishanduka yekugadzira maitiro yakakosha pakugadzira yakaoma geometries yakaoma kana isingagoneke kuwana kuburikidza nekugadzira chete. Kubva pamabhuroko einjini yemotokari kusvika kune zvivezwa zvehunyanzvi, kukanda kunoramba kuri dombo repakona reindasitiri yemazuva ano nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakasiyana-siyana mukubata akasiyana alloys uye mavhoriyamu ekugadzira.
Ndezvipi Zvinokosha zveMetal Casting?
Papakati payo, kukanda simbi inzira yekugadzira yekugadzira uko zvinhu zvemvura zvinounzwa muforoma. The zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi vimba nezvikamu zvitatu zvakakosha: kugadzirwa kwepateni, kugadzirira mold, uye kudururwa uye kusimba kwesimbi. Kunzwisisa izvi zvakakosha kwakakosha kune mainjiniya nevagadziri vanovavarira kukwirisa chikamu chekuita uye mutengo-kubudirira.
Maitirwo acho anotanga nepatani, inova mufananidzo wechinhu chekupedzisira. Iyi muenzaniso inotarisa chimiro chegomba mukati me mold. Kana mold yagadzirwa uchishandisa zvinhu zvakaita sejecha, ceramic, kana simbi, alloy yakanyungudutswa inodirwa mukati. Sezvo simbi inotonhora, inodzikira zvishoma, chinhu chinofanirwa kuverengerwa panguva yekugadzira dhizaini kuti ive nechokwadi chekururama kwedimensional.
Nyanzvi dzemaindasitiri dzinoziva kuti kugona izvi zvakakosha kunobvumira kudzora zvirinani pamusoro pe microstructure uye michina zvivakwa. Kunyangwe kugadzira prototype imwe chete kana zviuru zvemayuniti, misimboti yepasi inoramba ichienderana, kunyangwe matekiniki chaiwo anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekunyatso kudiwa uye vhoriyamu.
Iyo Nhanho-ne-Nhanho Metal Casting Maitiro
Kuti ubate zvizere zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi, munhu anofanira kunzwisisa sequential mashandiro anobatanidzwa. Nepo nzira dzakananga dzichisiyana, kufambiswa kwebasa kunotevera kufambira mberi kunonzwisisika kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakupedzisa. Nhanho yega yega inoda kunyatsotarisisa kune zvakadzama kudzivirira kuremara kwakadai seporosity, shrinkage, kana kutonhora kunovhara.
1. Kugadzira Patani
Rwendo runotanga nekugadzira muenzaniso. Iyi modhi inogona kugadzirwa kubva kuhuni, plastiki, kana simbi, zvichienderana nehukuru hwekugadzira. Iyo pateni inosanganisira yakawedzera zvinhu zvinozivikanwa se "mvumo" yekutsiva shrinkage yesimbi panguva yekutonhora. Iyo zvakare inoratidzira maekiseni ekudhirowa kufambisa nyore kubviswa kubva mukuumbwa pasina kukuvadza madziro emukati.
2. Kugadzirira Mold
Kana iyo pateni yagadzirira, inoshandiswa kugadzira mold. Mukukanda jecha, nzira inonyanyozivikanwa, patani yacho inorongedzerwa mujecha rakasarudzika rakasanganiswa nemabhainda. Iyo mold ine mahafu maviri: iyo cope (yepamusoro) uye yekudhonza (pasi). Gating system inovezwa kana kuumbwa kutungamira simbi yakanyungudutswa mugomba ichiteya tsvina.
3. Kunyunguduka uye Kudira
Iyo yakasarudzwa simbi alloy inonyungudutswa muchoto pakudziya kwakanangana nekuumbwa kwayo. Semuenzaniso, aluminium inonyunguduka pane tembiricha yakaderera kupfuura simbi. Kamwe simbi yasvika pamvura chaiyo, inodururwa muforoma kuburikidza negeti system. Nguva uye tembiricha kutonga kwakakosha pano kuona kuti simbi inozadza mhango yese isati yaoma.
4. Kutonhodza uye Kubatanidza
Mushure mekudurura, simbi inofanira kutonhora isina kukanganiswa. Chiyero chekutonhora chinokanganisa chimiro chezviyo chesimbi, iyo inokanganisa zvakananga simba rayo uye ductility. Kukurumidza kutonhora kunogona kutungamira kune yakaoma asi brittle zvimiro, nepo kunonoka kutonhora kunosimudzira hombe tsanga uye nani machinability. The zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi raira kuti chikamu ichi chinotariswa nemazvo kuti zvisangane nemichina yakatarwa.
5. Shakeout uye Kuchenesa
Kana yangooma, kukanda kunobviswa kubva muforoma, nzira inonzi shakeout. Kukandwa kwakashata, kunowanzo kunzi "kukandwa kwegirinhi," kuchiri nemagedhi, vamhanyi, uye anosimudza. Izvi zvinhu zvakawandisa zvinogurwa, uye nzvimbo yacho inocheneswa kuburikidza nekuputika kana kugaya kubvisa sarai jecha kana chiyero.
6. Kuongorora uye Kupedzisa
Danho rekupedzisira rinosanganisira kuongorora kwakasimba kuti uone kukanganisa kwemukati kana pamusoro. Matekiniki akadai seX-ray radiography, dhayi yekupinda mukati, kana ultrasonic kuongorora anowanzo shandiswa. Kana chikamu chacho chikapfuura kudzora kwemhando, inoenda kwekupedzisira machining kana kupisa kurapwa kuti iwane inodiwa kushivirira uye zvivakwa.
- Kugadzira Patani Kugadzira iyo replica ine shrinkage mvumo.
- Kugadzira Mold: Kugadzira nzvimbo isina kunaka uchishandisa jecha, ceramic, kana simbi.
- Kunyunguduka: Kupisa alloy kune chaiyo mvura mamiriro.
- Kudira: Kuendesa simbi yakanyungudutswa mugomba rekuumbwa.
- Solidification: Kubvumira kutonhora kunodzorwa kugadzirisa chimiro.
- Kupedzisa: Kubvisa zvinhu zvakawandisa uye kuongorora mhando.
Mhando Dzakajairika dzeKukanda Maitiro
Panguva iyo zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi ndezvepasi rose, kuuraya kunosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hunoshandiswa. Matanho akasiyana anopa mabhenefiti akasiyana maererano nekupedza kwepamusoro, kurongeka kwedimensional, uye kumhanya kwekugadzira. Kusarudza nzira yakakodzera isarudzo yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa.
Sand Casting
Kukandira jecha ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa pasi rose, inoverengera ruzhinji rwezvese zvinogadzirwa. Inoshandisa silica jecha rakasanganiswa nemabhainda kugadzira mold. Iyi nzira inosiyana-siyana, inokwanisa kugadzira zvikamu kubva pamaonzi mashoma kusvika kumatani akati wandei. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa kune mahombe senge mabhuroko einjini uye pombi dzimba uko mari yekushandisa inoda kuchengetwa yakaderera.
Chakanakira kukanda jecha chiri mukusanduka kwaro. Inenge chero alloy yesimbi inogona kukandwa uchishandisa nzira iyi, kusanganisira simbi, simbi, aruminiyamu, uye bhuronzi. Nekudaro, iyo yekumusoro kupedzisa kunowanzo kuomarara kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira, kazhinji inoda kuwedzera machining. Iyo mold inowanzo paradzwa mushure mekushandisa kwega kwega, ichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune yakaderera-kusvika-yepakati vhoriyamu kugadzirwa.
Die Casting
Die casting inosanganisira kumanikidzira simbi yakanyungudutswa pasi pekumanikidzwa kukuru kuita mold yesimbi inogona kushandiswazve, inozivikanwa se die. Iyi nzira inokurumidza kukurumidza uye inogadzira zvikamu zvine yakanakisa dimensional kurongeka uye yakatsetseka pamusoro pekupedzisira. Inonyanya kushandiswa kune asiri-ferrous simbi senge zinc, aluminium, uye magnesium.
Nekuti iyo inofa inodhura kugadzira, kufa casting kunoshanda mune zvehupfumi chete kune yakakwira-vhoriyamu yekugadzira inomhanya. Iyo yakanyanya kudzvanywa inovimbisa kuti simbi inozadza kunyange iyo yakaonda zvikamu zve mold, ichibvumira kune yakaoma geometries ine yakasimba kushivirira. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo inosarudzika yevatengi zvemagetsi dzimba uye makesi ekufambisa emotokari.
Investment Casting
Iyo inozivikanwawo seyakarasika-wax casting, kukanda mari kunopa kurongeka kwepamusoro uye kunaka kwepamusoro. Maitiro acho anotanga newakisi pateni yakavharwa muceramic slurry kugadzira goko. Kana goko raoma, wakisi inonyunguduka, zvichisiya mukaha chaiwo. Simbi yakanyungudutswa inobva yadirwa muchiumbwa ichi checeramic.
Iyi nzira inobvisa kudiwa kwemitsara yekuparadzanisa, zvichiita kuti pave ne-net-shape zvikamu zvinoda kushoma post-processing. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muaerospace ye turbine blades uye muindasitiri yezvokurapa yezviridzwa zvekuvhiya. Kunyange zvichidhura payuniti pane kukanda jecha, zvinoderedza mutengo wese wekugadzira nekudzikisira machining nguva.
Permanent Mold Casting
Kuumbwa kwechigarire kunoshandisa molds inogona kushandiswa zvakare yakagadzirwa nesimbi, kazhinji simbi kana simbi. Kusiyana nekufa kukandira, giravhiti kana kuderera kwakadzika kunowanzo shandiswa kuzadza mold pane yakakwira-kumanikidza jekiseni. Izvi zvinoguma nekunakisa zviyo chimiro uye yakagadziridzwa michina zvichienzaniswa nekukanda jecha.
Iyi nzira inobata chiyero pakati pemutengo wakaderera wekushandisa wekukanda jecha uye chaiyo chaiyo yekukanda kufa. Inokodzera zvepakati-kusvika-yakakwirira vhoriyamu kugadzirwa kwealuminium uye mhangura alloy zvikamu. Zvishandiso zvakajairika zvinosanganisira mavhiri emotokari, mapistoni, uye manifold zvikamu.
| Kukandira Nzira | Typical Materials | Surface Finish | Inzwi Rokugadzira | Mutengo Wekushandisa |
| Sand Casting | Iron, Simbi, Aluminium, Bronze | rough | Kudzika kusvika Kumusoro | Low |
| Die Casting | Zingi, Aluminium, Magnesium | Very Smooth | High High | High |
| Investment Casting | Simbi, Superalloys, Titanium | Smooth | Yakaderera kusvika Pakati | Pakati kusvika Kumusoro |
| Permanent Mold | Aluminium, Copper Alloys | Zvakanaka | Pakati kusvika Kumusoro | Pakati |
Mabhenefiti Anokosha Neganhuriro
Kunzwisisa zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira chikamu chakakosha chekuziva zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi. Hapana imwe nzira yekugadzira yakakwana kune yega application. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuyera mabhenefiti erusununguko rwekugadzira achipesana nezvinogoneka muzvinhu zvenyama kana mhando yepamusoro.
Zvakanakira Metal Casting
Design Complexity: Kukandira kunobvumira kugadzirwa kwemakomba emukati akaomarara uye zvimiro zvekunze izvo zvingave zvisingaite kana kudhura zvakanyanya kumuchina. Zvimiro zvakaita senge undercuts uye yakaoma curves inogona kubatanidzwa zvakananga mu mold.
Material Versatility: Inenge yese simbi yeinjiniya inogona kukandwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira ferrous alloys senge simbi yakakandwa nesimbi, pamwe neasina-ferrous sarudzo sealuminium, ndarira, uye titanium. Uku kuchinjika kunobvumira vagadziri kuti vasarudze iyo chaiyo alloy inodiwa kune chaiyo yezvakatipoteredza kana inotakura-inotakura zvinodiwa.
Mutengo-Kubudirira kune Zvikamu Zvikuru: Kune zvinorema zvikamu, kukanda kazhinji ndiyo nzira ine mari. Kugadzira chivharo chikuru chesimbi yakasimba kugadzira chikamu chisina kujeka chinoburitsa tsvina yakakosha uye chinopedza simba rakakura. Kukandira kunoumba chimiro chakananga, kuderedza kutambisa zvinhu uye machining nguva.
Isotropic Properties: Kusiyana nezvikamu zvakaumbwa zvinogona kunge zvine simba rekutungamira, zvikamu zvakakandwa zvinowanzo ratidza zvimiro zvakafanana mumativi ese, chero kutonhora kuchidzorwa nemazvo. Izvi zvinobatsira kune zvikamu zvakaiswa kune akawanda-axial mitoro.
Kugumira uye Zvinetso
Surface Finish: Zvichienderana nemaitiro, nzvimbo dzakakandwa dzinogona kunge dzakaomarara. Kukandwa kwejecha, kunyanya, kunosiya kupera kwakagadzirwa kunowanzo kudikanwa kwechipiri machining mashandiro, zvichiwedzera kumutengo wakakwana uye nguva yekutungamira.
Defect Susceptibility: Maitiro acho anowanzo kune hurema hwakadai segasi porosity, shrinkage cavities, uye inclusions. Idzi nyaya dzinomuka kubva kune isina kufanira gating dhizaini, tembiricha yekudurura isiriyo, kana zvinhu zvakasvibiswa. Kudzora kwemhando yepamusoro kwakakosha kudzikamisa njodzi idzi.
Dimensional Tolerance: Nepo kudyara uye kukanda kufa kunopa kushivirira kwakasimba, kukanda kwejecha kwechinyakare kune huwandu hwekushivirira. Izvi zvinogona kuve chinhu chinodzikamisa kune magungano anoda chaiwo anokwana pasina anotevera machining.
Environmental Impact: Mamwe maitiro ekukanda, kunyanya ayo anosanganisira kuumbwa kwejecha, anogadzira tsvina yakakura. Kunyangwe zvivakwa zvemazuva ano zvinodzokororazve chikamu chepamusoro chejecha razvo, mashandisirwo emagetsi ekunyungudusa simbi anoramba achifunga nezvezvinangwa zvekusimudzira.
Applications Across Industries
The zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi fambisa hunyanzvi muzvikamu zvakawanda. Iko kugona kuburitsa yakasimba, yakaoma, uye yakagadziridzwa simbi zvikamu zvinoita kuti kukanda kuve kwakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwemazuva ano uye tekinoroji.
Automotive Industry
Chikamu chemotokari ndicho chinogona kunge chiri mutengi mukuru wezvinhu zvakakandwa. Engine blocks, cylinder heads, transmission cases, uye kuturika knuckles zvinonyanya kugadzirwa kuburikidza nekukanda. Kusundidzira kwemotokari dzakareruka kwakawedzera kudiwa kweakakwira-simba aluminium castings, iyo inoderedza huremu hwemotokari ichichengetedza kutendeseka kwechimiro.
Aerospace uye Defense
Muchadenga, muganho wekukanganisa haupo. Kukandira kwekudyara kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira turbine blades, jet injini zvikamu, uye mafuremu ezvimiro. Zvikamu izvi zvinofanirwa kumira tembiricha yakanyanyisa uye kushushikana. Iko kurongeka kwekukandira kunobvumira kubatanidzwa kwematanho ekutonhodza mukati meturbine blades, chinhu chakakosha pakubudirira kweinjini.
Kuvaka uye Kurema Michina
Midziyo inorema inotsamira pakusimba kwesimbi yakakandwa nesimbi. Zvikamu zvakaita semabhakiti ekuchera, ma crane hooks, uye miviri yevharuvhu inokandwa kutsungirira mamiriro ekushanda akaomarara. Kusimba uye kupfeka kuramba kwezvinhu zvakakandwa zvinoita kuti zvive zvakanakira maapplication anosanganisira inorema abrasion uye kukanganisa.
Art uye Architecture
Kunze kwekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri, kukanda kune nhoroondo yakapfuma muhunyanzvi. Vavezi vanoshandisa bhuronzi nearuminiyamu kukanda kugadzira mifananidzo yakadzama uye zviyeuchidzo. Mukuvaka, zvinhu zvekushongedza senge njanji, magonhi, uye facade zvinyorwa zvinowanzokandwa kuti zvizadzise madhizaini asingagone kudzokororwa nedzimwe nzira.
Kudyidzana neIndasitiri Nyanzvi
Nepo kunzwisisa dzidziso yekukanda kwakakosha, kuita zvinobudirira kazhinji kunoda kubatana nevagadziri vane ruzivo vane ruzivo rwakadzama runoshanda. Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) inoenzanisira hunyanzvi uhu, ichiunza makore anopfuura makumi matatu echiitiko muindasitiri yekukanda uye kugadzira michina patafura. Nyanzvi mune shell mold casting, kurasika wakisi (investment) kukanda, uye nemazvo CNC machining, QSY yakazvisimbisa semubatsiri akavimbika wezvirongwa zvakaomarara.
Inoshanda kubva munzvimbo yakakura yekugadzira inofukidza anopfuura zviuru makumi mashanu emativi emamita, QSY inobatanidza yakazara mitsara yekugadzira yeganda mold uye kuisa mari padivi pemaworkshops akazvitsaurira eCNC machining, kuongororwa kwemhando, uye kurongedza. Iyi yekumira-imwe nzira inovimbisa shanduko isina musono kubva pakukandira mbishi kusvika kumagumo, akagadzirwa zvinhu. Kugona kwavo kwezvinhu kwakakura zvakaenzana, kubata zvese kubva kune yakajairwa simbi uye simbi kusvika kusimbi isina tsvina uye nyanzvi yepamusoro-inoshanda alloys, kusanganisira cobalt-based uye nickel-based superalloys.
QSY inoshandira vatengi vepasirese vakasiyana munyika dzinopfuura makumi maviri, ichipa mhinduro dzakagadzirirwa maindasitiri akadai semichina yekurima, zvekurapa uye zvekugadzira chikafu, kugadzira maindasitiri, migodhi, uye petrochemicals. Nekubatanidza epamusoro tekinoroji kugona nekuzvipira kune yakagadziridzwa sevhisi, makambani akaita seQSY anobatsira kuvhara mukaha uripo pakati pemagadzirirwo edhizaini uye yemhando yepamusoro, inoshanda yekupedzisira zvigadzirwa.
Common Defects uye Quality Control
Kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwe zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi kunosanganisira kuziva zvingangokundikana. Kukanganisa kunogona kukanganisa kusimba kwechimiro chechikamu, zvichiita kuti kukundikane kunotyisa mubasa. Kuziva chinokonzeresa kwakakosha kuti urambe uchivandudza.
Porosity
Porosity zvinoreva maburi madiki kana maburi mukati mesimbi, anokonzerwa negasi rakavharirwa kana kupera panguva yekuoma. Gasi porosity inoitika apo magasi akanyungudutswa musimbi yakanyungudutswa anoburitswa painotonhora. Shrinkage porosity inoitika kana simbi inobvumirana uye pasina imwe simbi yemvura inowanikwa kuzadza chisipo. Kupinza kwakaringana muforoma uye kushandiswa kweanosimudza kunogona kudzikisira nyaya idzi.
Cold Shuts
Kuvharika kunotonhora kunoitika kana hova mbiri dzesimbi yakanyunguduka dzasangana muforoma asi dzotadza kusanganisa zvakanaka, kazhinji nekuti dzanyanya kutonhora. Izvi zvinogadzira ndege isina simba mukukanda. Kuve nechokwadi chekudurura tembiricha yakakwana uye optimization gating system kuchengetedza kuyerera kwevelocity ndiwo akajairwa ekudzivirira matanho.
Misruns
Misruns inoitika apo simbi inoomesa isati yazadza zvachose mhango ye mold, ichisiya chikamu chisina kukwana. Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwekudzikira kwekudurura tembiricha kana dhizaini yakatetepa inotonhorera nekukurumidza. Kugadzirisa kuumbwa kwealloy kana kuwedzera tembiricha yekudurura kazhinji kunogadzirisa dambudziko iri.
Inclusions
Inclusions zvinhu zvekunze, sejecha kana slag, zvakavharirwa mukati mekukanda. Vanoita sezvinokonzera kushungurudzika uye vanogona kutanga kutsemuka. Anoshanda mafirita masisitimu munzira yekugezera uye nekungwarira kubata kwezvinhu mold zvinodiwa kudzivirira kusvibiswa.
Hunhu hwekutonga mapuroteni ikozvino shandisa nzira dzepamberi dzisiri dzekuparadza (NDT) nzira. Industrial CT scanning inobvumira mainjiniya kuona kukanganisa kwemukati pasina kuparadza chikamu. Iyi nhanho yekuongorora inova nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu chete zvinosangana neakasimba kuchengetedza zviyero zvinosvika kune yekupedzisira mushandisi.
Ramangwana Trends in Metal Casting Technology
Mamiriro ekugadzira ari kuchinja, uye zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi ari kusimukira pamwe chete nemichina mitsva. Innovation iri kufambisa indasitiri kune kunyatsoshanda, kusimba, uye nemazvo.
3D Kudhinda uye Kukurumidza Prototyping
Kugadzirwa kwekuwedzera kuri kushandura pateni kugadzira uye kunyange kunanga kugadzira mold. 3D yakadhindwa yejecha mold inobvisa kudiwa kwemaitiro emuviri, kudzikisa zvakanyanya nguva yekutungamira yeprototypes uye zvikamu zvetsika. Iyi tekinoroji inobvumira kuomarara kwejometri yaimbove isingagoneki nemaitiro echinyakare ekuumba.
Simulation Software
Yepamberi computational fluid dynamics (CFD) uye solidification simulation software inogonesa foundries kufanotaura kuremara pondo imwe yesimbi isati yadirwa. Nekutevedzera kuyerera kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa uye maitiro ekutonhodza, mainjiniya anogona kukwidziridza masisitimu emagedhi uye kuiswa kwesimukira chaiko, kuchengetedza zvinhu uye kuderedza kuyedzwa-uye-kukanganisa kutenderera.
Tsika Dzakasimba
Basa rezvakatipoteredza riri kuita chinangwa chikuru. Zvivako zvemazuva ano zviri kuita masisitimu emvura akavharwa, zvidzoreso zvepamberi, uye mavira ekunyungudusa akanyanya-kunyatsoita. Kudzokororwa kwejecha nezvisaririra zvesimbi kuri kuvandudzwa kuderedza marara, kubatanidza indasitiri nezvinangwa zvekusimudzira pasi rose.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (FAQ)
Kuti uwedzere kujekesa zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi, hedzi mhinduro dzemimwe yemibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nevanotanga uye nyanzvi dzeindasitiri zvakafanana.
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pekukandira nekugadzira?
Kukanda kunosanganisira kudurura simbi yakanyungudutswa muforoma, zvichibvumira zvimiro zvakaoma uye maburi emukati. Kugadzira, kune rumwe rutivi, kunosanganisira kuumba simbi yakasimba uchishandisa compressive mauto, izvo zvinokonzeresa kusimba kwemagetsi zvivakwa nekuda kwekuyerera kwezviyo. Kukandira kunowanzo kuve nani kune yakaoma geometries, nepo kuforoma kunofarirwa kune yakanyanya-kushushikana maapplication anoda kuomarara kwakanyanya.
Ndeipi simbi iri nyore kukanda kune vanotanga?
Aluminium inowanzoonekwa seyekutanga-inoshamwaridzika simbi nekuda kwekudzika kwayo kunyungudika uye kunaka kwemvura. Iyo haina kutarisana nekumwe kukanganisa kana ichienzaniswa nesimbi uye inowanikwa zvakanyanya mune akasiyana alloys. Zinc ndiyo imwe sarudzo yekudzika-yekushisa kukanda, inowanzoshandiswa mumapurojekiti ehobbyist uye madiki-anofa akakanda.
Kukandwa kwesimbi kunotora nguva yakareba sei?
Nguva yenguva inosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nenzira uye chikamu chakaoma. Kukandira jecha chikamu chiri nyore chinogona kutora mazuva mashoma kubva pakugadzira patani kusvika pakupera. Die casting, kana chishandiso chagadzirira, chinogona kugadzira zvikamu mumasekonzi. Nekudaro, iyo yekutanga kuseta yemhando yepamusoro-chaiyo nzira sekudyara kwekudyara kunogona kutora mavhiki nekuda kwematanho akawanda anobatanidzwa mukugadzira shell.
Masimbi ese anogona kukandwa here?
Nepo akawanda einjiniya simbi achigona kukandwa, mamwe anonetsa kupfuura mamwe. Masimbi ane mapoinzi akanyanya kunyungudika, senge tungsten, anoda hunyanzvi midziyo uye mamiriro ekunze. Reactive simbi setitanium inodawo vacuum nharaunda kudzivirira oxidation. Zvisinei, nekombiyuta yakarurama, inenge chero simbi inogona kubudirira kukandwa.
Sei shrinkage allowance yakakosha?
Shrinkage allowance yakakosha nekuti simbi dzese dzinoita chibvumirano padzinotonhorera kubva mumvura kuenda kune yakasimba uye nekuenderera mberi padzinosvika tembiricha yekamuri. Kana iyo pateni ikasaverengera chibvumirano ichi, kukanda kwekupedzisira kunenge kuri kudiki pane kwakarongwa dhizaini zviyero. Foundry nyanzvi dzinoverengera chaiwo shrinkage mareti kune yega yega alloy kuti ive nechokwadi chedimensional kurongeka.
Mhedziso uye Matanho Anotevera
The zvakakosha zvekukanda simbi inomiririra musanganiswa wehunyanzvi, sainzi, uye mainjiniya ayo akaumba budiriro yevanhu kwemireniyumu. Kubva pamisimboti yekugadzira mapatani uye kugadzirira mold kusvika kune yakaomesesa simulations inoshandiswa nhasi, kukanda kunoramba kuri mbiru yakakosha yekugadzira. Kugona kwayo kushandura simbi mbishi kuita yakaoma, inoshanda zvikamu zvinoita kuti isadzorereke mumaindasitiri kubva kumotokari kuenda kumhepo.
Kune avo vari kutsvaga kukwidziridza tekinoroji iyi, kiyi iri mukusarudza nzira yekukanda yakakodzera kune zvaunoda chaizvo. Funga nezvezvinhu zvakaita sehuwandu hwekugadzira, kurongeka kunodiwa, zvivakwa zvezvinhu, uye zvimhingamipinyi zvebhajeti. Kunyangwe iwe ukasarudza kuita zvakasiyana-siyana zvekukanda jecha, iko iko kwekudyara kwekudyara, kana kumhanya kwekufa, kunzwisisa izvi zvakakosha zvinokutungamirira kune mhedzisiro mibairo.
Kana uri kuronga purojekiti itsva, tanga nekutsanangura zvakakosha zvechikamu chako. Bata nevamwe vane ruzivo vevagadziri vanogona kupa ruzivo nezve dhizaini yekugadzira (DFM). Nekushandisa ruzivo rwekukanda zvakakosha pakutanga kwechikamu chekugadzira, unogona kudzivirira inodhura kudzokorora uye kuve nechokwadi chemhando yepamusoro chigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Ramangwana rekukanda rakajeka, rinotungamirwa nedhijitari uye kusimba, ichipa zvisingaperi mikana yekuvandudza.
