Sintering ke ho otla ha pelo ea phofo ea metallurgy-moo phofo e hlephileng ea tšepe e fetohang likarolo tse teteaneng, tse sebetsang hantle. Setsing sa rona se thehiloeng Qingdao, re kentse li-batches tse fetang 12,000 tsa cobalt-nickel le likarolo tsa tšepe tse sa hloekang ho tloha ka 2018. Lebelo le leng le le leng le hlōlehileng le re rutile ho hong: likhahla tsa mocheso li bohlokoa ho feta nako ea tlhōrō ea li-nozzles tsa AMS 5387; bohloeki ba sepakapaka bo etsa kapa bo senya botšepehi ba plug ea T800; le libaka tsa sebōpi li ama ka ho toba botsitso bo boholo matlong a lisilindara tsa pompo ea piston. Tsena ha se litebello tsa libuka-ke lithuto tse tsoang ho mela ea sebele ea tlhahiso e sebetsanang le li-valve tsa hydraulic tse lekantsoeng ho 420 MPa le li-winch center shaft rollers tse pepesehileng ho bola ha letsoai bakeng sa lihora tse 1,500+.
Sintering e Tloaelehileng: E ntse e le Lebelo la Mosebetsi—Ha le Tšoanela
Bareki ba bangata ba nka hore sintering e tloaelehileng e bolela "ho futhumatsa feela moeeng." E fosahetse. Libonong tsa rona tse lumellanang le ISO, sintering e tloaelehileng e bolela taolo e nepahetseng ea mefuta e meraro: tekanyo ea mocheso (ka tloaelo 3-5 ° C / min), mocheso o phahameng (1120-1280 ° C bakeng sa litšepe tse sa hloekang, 1320-1380 ° C bakeng sa li-alloys tsa cobalt), le nako ea ho lula (30-90 metsotso). Re sebelisa khase ea endothermic (N₂–H₂ mix) bakeng sa likarolo tse sa hloekang le argon e hloekileng haholo bakeng sa T800 le AMS 5387-hobane esita le 20 ppm oksijene e baka oxidation ea holim'a metsi e senyang libaka tsa ho tiisa valve. Mokhoa ona o fana ka 92-95% ea tekano ea theory. E na le litšenyehelo tse tlase ebile e ka phetoa-empa eseng bakeng sa likarolo tse hlokang> 97% ea boima ba 'mele kapa li-geometri tse rarahaneng tse nang le marako a masesaane. Re hana mokhoa ona oa li-nozzles tsa cobalt alloy tse hlokang porosity ea ka hare ea zero litseleng tsa bohlokoa tsa phallo.
Sintering-Assisted Sintering: Density without Compromise
Ha bareki ba batla boima bo haufi-ufi ntle le mochini oa post-sinter, re fetohela mekhoeng e thusang khatello. Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) e sebetsa khatello ea argon ea 100-200 MPa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ha ho futhumatsa-ho hatella li-pores tse setseng li koetsoe. Re sebelisa HIP ntlong e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea pompo ea AMS 5387 e reretsoeng tšebeletso ea oli le khase ea leoatle. Sephetho? 99.8% density, 15% bophelo bo phahameng ba mokhathala, le ho felisoa ha bofokoli ba micro-shrinkage bo bakang ho lutla kapele lits'ebetsong tse phahameng. Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) e sebetsa ka tsela e fapaneng: pulsed DC hajoale e feta ka kotloloho ka har'a komporo ea phofo, e nolofalletsang ho futhumatsa ka potlako (ho fihla ho 1000 ° C / min) le nako e tlase ea potoloho. Re sebelisa SPS bakeng sa likarolo tse sa tloaelehang tsa mohlala tsa T800 moo geometry e thibelang mocheso o tšoanang oa HIP-joaloka metheo ea pompo ea asymmetrical e nang le likobo tse kentsoeng tse kopantsoeng. Mekhoa ena ka bobeli e bitsa 2.3-3.7 × ho feta sintering e tloaelehileng-empa e khaola likotoana ka 68% ka likarolo tse phahameng tsa koloi ea boenjiniere.
Mefuta e Laoloang ke Atmosphere: Moo Khemistri e Kopanang le Geometry
Atmosphere ha se feela ho thibela oxidation - e nka karolo ka mafolofolo ho sintering. Ha hydrogen sintering, H₂ e fokotsa li-oxide tsa holim'a metsi 'me e khothalletsa ho hasana ha holim'a metsi. Re e sebelisa bakeng sa li-castings tsa tšepe tse hlokang ho kenella ha makenete ho li-hydraulic solenoid cores. Vacuum sintering e felisa likhase tsohle tse sebetsang empa e hloka bohloeki bo tiileng - mafura afe kapa afe a setseng a fetoha ka matla, a baka makhopho. Re boloka vacuum bakeng sa li-plug tsa cobalt alloy moo ho nka khabone ho tsoa moeeng o thehiloeng ho naetrojene ho ka theolang mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso. Bakeng sa metheo ea pompo ea tšepe e sa hloekang e pepesehileng tikolohong ea chloride, re eketsa 5% hydrogen e laoloang ho naetrojene ho fihlela phokotso e nepahetseng ea Cr₂O₃ ntle le ho emibrittlement. Phoso karo-karolelano? Re bone tahlehelo ea 0,3% ka matla a lihlahisoa-'me re hanne 172 kg ea thepa ka sehlopha se le seng.
Ke Hobane'ng ha Khetho ea Hao e Fetola Ntho e 'Ngoe le e 'Ngoe - Ntle ho Tekano
Boima ba litaba - empa ke sebaka sa pele sa tlhahlobo. Mokhoa oa sintering o laela sebopeho sa lijo-thollo, kabo ea mohato, le khatello ea maikutlo e setseng. Sintering e tloaelehileng ea 17-4PH e sa tsitsang e fana ka lijo-thollo tse mahoashe tse fokotsang mamello ea mokhathala ka li-valve tsa khatello. Li-microstructures tse hloekisitsoeng tsa HIP li fana ka lijo-thollo tse ntle, tse ts'oanang-ho atolosa bophelo ba tšebeletso ka 4.2 × litekong tsa tšimo. Bokaholimo bo fetoha le bona: Likarolo tsa HIP li hloka 30% ka tlase ho sila ea ho qetela ho otla Ra ≤0.4 µm lifahlehong tse koalang. Taolo ea litekanyo e fapane haholo-ho sintering e tloaelehileng e fokotseha ka 12-15% ka ho latellana; HIP e honyela ka 0.8–1.3% feela, e re lumella ho tšoara ± 0.02 mm matlong a lisilindara a 280-mm-diameter ntle le machining a bobeli. Le histori ea mocheso e ama machinability: T800 sintered ka tloaelo mechine ka 18 m/min; HIP-treated T800 e hloka li-feed 8 m/min le li-carbide tse khethehileng tse kentsoeng. Re etsa 'mapa oa likhohlano tsena nakong ea tlhahlobo ea boenjiniere - eseng kamora tlhahlobo ea sengoloa sa pele.
Kutloisiso mefuta ea sintering fekthering ea phofo ea metallurgy ts'ebetso e arola li-prototype tse sebetsang ho tsoa ho likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa tlhahiso. Ho QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., re bapisa leano la sintering le fisiks ea ho sebelisa - eseng feela lipampiri tsa thepa. Li-valve tsa khatello ea hydraulic li fumana HIP. Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse phahameng haholo li fumana hydrogen sintering. Cobalt alloy nozzles tse batlang zero porosity li fumana SPS. Khetho e nepahetseng e qala ka mokhoa oa ho hlōleha ha karolo ea hau-eseng tekanyetso ea hau. Re netefatsa qeto e 'ngoe le e' ngoe khahlano le maemo a khatello ea maikutlo lefatšeng la 'nete, ho pepeseha ha kutu, le mamello ea kopano. Hobane ka likarolo tse nepahetseng tsa indasteri, sintering ha se mohato. Ke motheo.
