Ubona ama-304 kuyo yonke indawo. Kukungagqibeki, ukuya, intsimbi engatyiwa ngabantu abaninzi abacinga ngayo. Kodwa kulapho umgibe wokuqala ulele khona – ucinga ukuba yonke into iyafana. I-spec sheet ithi i-18% yechromium, i-8% ye-nickel, i-corrosion resistance resistance, i-yada yada. Evenkileni, emgangathweni, sisiqalo nje eso. Olona phawu lwe-304 luzibonakalisa phantsi kwetotshi, kwi-lathe, okanye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu kwindawo eselunxwemeni. Lihashe elisebenzayo, kodwa lincinci ukuba awuzihloniphi iimpawu zalo.
Ubuxoki obaneleyo kunye noKhetho lweMathiriyeli
Andikwazi ukubala ukuba mangaphi amaxesha umxhasi ecele i-304 ngenxa yokuba ayinabala kwaye ilingana nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kuphela ngenxa yecandelo lokusilela kwindawo enobundlongondlongo engazange yenzelwe. I-classic iyisebenzisa kwi-hardware yaselwandle ngaphandle kwe-passivation efanelekileyo. Iza kugrumba, kwaye xa sele kuqalisile ukugawulwa, kukuhla kwe-slide. Lo mxube we-18/8 uxhathisa uluhlu olubanzi lwe-oxidizers, kodwa i-chlorides? Nantso isithende sayo uAchilles. Ndiyibonile intle 304 intsimbi engenasici izibiyeli kwidokhi zijika zibe bubumdaka obunamachokoza ngaphantsi konyaka. Isifundo ibingekuba 304 imbi; kukuba isicelo besingalunganga. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka utyhale u-316, nokuba ibiza ngaphezulu ngaphambili.
Apha kulapho amava anepotfoliyo yemathiriyeli epheleleyo ibalulekile. Kwindawo efana neQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), apho baye baphatha yonke into ukusuka kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuya kwi-alloys ye-nickel amashumi eminyaka, ukhetho alukho nje malunga nentsimbi ngokwayo. Imalunga netsheyini lenkqubo. Ngaba oku kudlala okuza kwenziwa ngoomatshini kamva? Ngenxa yokuba indlela i-304 iziphatha ngayo kwi-shell mold ngokuchasene ne-investment mold yahlukile, kwaye oko kuchaphazela isicwangciso somatshini kamva. Uyilo lwesango lokungena, izinga lokupholisa - konke kushiya umnwe kwisakhiwo sokugqibela seenkozo esiya kuthi sivakalelwe ngumashini xa sithatha isiko lokuqala.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yokulungisa ukutya okuninzi. Ushicilelo lubize i-304, i-investment cast. Ijonge ngqo. Kodwa umxhasi wayefuna ukugqitywa kwesipili kwiitshaneli zangaphakathi ukuze zicoceke. Umphezulu we-as-cast ovela kwinkqubo esemgangathweni wawungazukuyinqumla. Kuye kwafuneka silungelelanise ukwenziwa kwe-ceramic slurry kunye nomjikelo wokukhupha i-waxing ukuze sifumane ukugqitywa komphezulu ocolekileyo kanye ngaphandle kokungunda, iiyure zokonga zokupholisha kwangaphakathi okudinayo. Olo luhlobo lwe-nuance oyifundayo ngokwenza, hayi kwitafile yezinto eziphathekayo. Iwebhusayithi https://www.tsingtaocnc.com idwelisa iingcali zabo, kwaye yileyo combo - ukuphosa KUNYE nomatshini we-CNC - ebavumela ukuba babone oku kuxhomekeka ngokucacileyo.
Machining 304: The Reality Gummy
Thetha naye nawuphi na umatshini malunga nama-304, kwaye banokuncwina. Ayiyiyo eyona nto inzima, kodwa isebenza-nzima njengentshatsheli. Ungena ngesixhobo esibuthuntu kancinci, okanye uyeke isixhobo sihlale umzuzwana, kwaye wenze nje indawo eqinileyo yelitye eya kuhlafuna ipasi lakho elilandelayo. Isitshixo sinobundlobongela kwaye sibukhali. Amazinga aphezulu okutya, isantya esisezantsi ngamanye amaxesha, kwaye ungaze uvumele isixhobo sihlikihle. I-Coolant ayinakuxoxisana, kwaye kungekhona nje ukupholisa - idinga ukuthambisa ukukhusela i-eddge eyakhiweyo.
Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kwibhetshi yemizimba yevalvu. Ijometri yayinombhobho onzulu, omncinci wobubanzi. Yonke into yayihamba kakuhle de kwafika ixesha lokugqibela. Ukuphambuka kwesixhobo, kuncinci njengoko kwakunjalo, kubangele ukuhlikihla okwaneleyo ukuze kusebenze-lukhuni umphezulu. Isixhobo esilandelayo saphuka. Kuye kwafuneka ukuba sitshintshele kwisixhobo esikhethekileyo, esinehariki ephezulu ene-engile ye-helix eqinile kunye nesixhobo sokupholisa ukutyhala iitshiphusi ngamandla. Yayisombulula ingxaki, kodwa yatya yangena emdeni. Sisenzo solungelelwaniso phakathi kweendleko zezixhobo, ixesha lomjikelo, kunye nesantya se-scrap.
Kulapho amaziko adibeneyo abonisa ixabiso lawo. Ngenxa yokuba i-QSY iphatha umatshini we-CNC endlini emva kokuphosa, banokunyusa inkqubo yokuphosa ukwenza umatshini ube lula. Umzekelo, banokuhlengahlengisa unyango lobushushu lwe 304 intsimbi engenasici ukuphosa ukufezekisa iprofayile yokuqina ehambelanayo kunye ne-machable kuyo yonke indawo, into ivenkile yomatshini ezimeleyo efumana ukuphosa ekrwada ayinakuba nolawulo. Olo mbono lubanzi luthintela iintloko ezininzi kwi-spindle.
Ukuqwalaselwa kokuphosa: Ngakumbi kunokunyibilika nje
Ukugalela i304 akufani nokugalela intsimbi yekhabhoni. Konke malunga nokulawula i-chemistry kunye nomoya. Nokuba i-carburization encinci evela kwindawo yokungunda inokuphelisa i-chromium kumphezulu, ibeke esichengeni ukuxhathisa umhlwa kanye apho uyidinga khona kakhulu. Kwiqokobhe lokungunda, leyo iQSY igxile kuyo, iinkqubo zokubopha iresin zinokukhohlisa. Udinga inkqubo etshisa ngokucocekileyo ngaphandle kokushiya iintsalela zekhabhoni.
Ukuncipha lelinye irhamncwa. I-304 inezinga elibalulekileyo lokucutheka. Ukuba ukutya kwakho kunye nenkqubo yokungena ayilwanga ngokugqibeleleyo, uya kufumana i-shrinkage porosity, ehlala ifihliwe ngaphakathi. Inokuphumelela uhlolo olubonakalayo, kodwa ingaphumeleli phantsi koxinzelelo okanye ibonakale njengendlela evuzayo. Sakhe saba nendlu yempompo ephumelele zonke iitshekhi ezinobungakanani kodwa yavuza ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-hydrostatic. Iradiyografi iveze umnatha omncinci, odityanisiweyo womgodi wokucutheka. Ukulungiswa kwaba ngokutsha okupheleleyo kokunyuka kunye nokubandayo. Yongeza ubunzima ekubunjweni (iindleko zezinto eziphathekayo) kodwa yayikuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba isandi.
Kwaye ke kukho ukulungiswa weld. Uninzi lwee-specs zivumela ukulungiswa kwe-weld kwi-castings. Kodwa nge304, kufuneka utyandwe. Igalelo lobushushu litshintsha i-microstructure kwindawo echaphazelekayo kubushushu. Ukuba awulumkanga, ungenza uvakalelo lwendawo, iyenze ibe lula kwi-intergranular corrosion. Ngamanye amaxesha, kungcono ukukrazula isiphene esincinci kunokuba usidibanise kwaye wenze indawo yokusilela kwixesha elizayo. Olu bizo lwesigwebo luvela ekuboneni amakhulu abantu abaphoswayo bedlula kwi-QC.
I-Alloy Vala iiFowuni kwaye Kutheni i-304 inyamezela
Ngawo onke la ma-nuances, kutheni i-304 ihlala ixhaphake kangaka? Iindleko kunye nokufumaneka, ngokuqinisekileyo. Kodwa kwakhona, kwi-swath enkulu yezicelo zamashishini kunye nezorhwebo, zisebenza ngokwenene. Ukutyhalela ezindleleni ezinje nge-304L (ikhabhoni ephantsi) iyasebenza kumalungu ayakudityaniswa kakhulu, njengoko i-carbon esezantsi inciphisa umngcipheko wovakalelo. Kodwa kumacandelo amaninzi, umgangatho wama-304 wanele ngokugqibeleleyo ukuba uqhutywe ngokuchanekileyo.
Ndikhe ndabandakanyeka kwiiprojekthi apho siye saxoxa nge-304 ngokuchasene ne-316L kangangeentsuku, siqhuba iimvavanyo ze-corrosion kumakhuphoni kulwelo olufanisiweyo lwenkonzo. Ngamanye amaxesha iziphumo zazikufutshane kakhulu ukuba zingafowuna, kwaye isigqibo sehla kwiindleko zobomi kunye nezinto zokhuseleko. Ngamanye amaxesha, sijonge ibakala lobunini bomatshini 304 intsimbi engenasici ezahlukeneyo ngesulfure eyongeziweyo okanye selenium. Basebenza ngomatshini njengephupha, kodwa ukuxhathisa kwakho kokubola kuthatha ukubetha, kwaye ukuwelda kuba yingxaki. Ihlala ilurhwebo-off.
Leyo ngundoqo wokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ekusebenzeni. Kunqabile ukuba ibe yimpendulo ecacileyo, nencwadi yesikhokelo. Luthotho lwezivumelwano phakathi kweemfuno zoomatshini, iimfuno zomhlwa, ukwenziwa kwezinto, kunye neendleko zizonke. Amava enkampani kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, njengeminyaka engama-30 yokusa kunye nokwenza oomatshini okuphawulwe kwi-QSY, kwakha intuition kolu rhwebo. Uphuhlisa ukuziva xa kufuneka unamathele kwi-classic 18/8 kwaye ukhokelela nini umxhasi ukuya kwi-alloy ekhethekileyo, nokuba iphuma kusapho olunye. Injongo ayikokusebenzisa eyona nto ingaqhelekanga, kodwa eyona ilungele injongo. Kwaye rhoqo, kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo oluchanekileyo kunye nolwazi loyilo, i-304 yiyo kanye.
Ingcamango yokuGqibela: Izinto eziphathekayo liqabane
Ekupheleni kosuku, i-304 intsimbi engatyiwayo ayiyonto nje yorhwebo. Yimpahla enobuntu. Awukwazi ukuphosa nje kumzobo kwaye ulindele iziphumo ezigqibeleleyo. Kufuneka ubambisane nayo. Yila ukucutheka kwayo. Umatshini oneentsini zendalo engqondweni. Cacisa unyango olungaphezulu olufana ne-passivation ukuvula amandla alo okuhlwa apheleleyo. Kwaye ukhethe umenzi okanye isiseko esiqondayo le ntsebenziswano.
Ukujonga uluhlu lwamandla omthengisi kubalisa ibali. Xa ubona ukubunjwa kweqokobhe, ukwenziwa kotyalo-mali, kunye nomatshini we-CNC phantsi kophahla olunye, njengakwi-QSY, icebisa ukuba mhlawumbi baye bajijisana nolu nxibelelwano lwenkqubo yezinto kumgangatho wevenkile. Baye babona ukuba i-tweak encinci kumjikelo wokuphosa ichaphazela njani ubuchule be 304 intsimbi engenasici isihlalo sevalve. Olo lwazi lusebenzayo, oludityaniswe ngamakhonkco lulo olwahlula umthengisi wamacandelo kwiqabane lemveliso.
Ke kwixesha elizayo xa ukhankanya i-304, yiya ngaphaya komgangatho we-ASTM. Cinga ngendlela eya kwenziwa ngayo, indlela eya kusikwa ngayo nendawo eya kuhlala kuyo. Kulapho ubunjineli bokwenyani buqala khona. Iphepha ledatha liyintshayelelo; umgangatho wevenkile kulapho uqhelana khona ngokwenene.
