Xa abantu abaninzi besiva i-'CNC machining precision,' bacinga ngoko nangoko ngonyamezelo oluqinileyo, njenge ±0.001 intshi okanye 5 microns. Leyo yintetho yencwadana. Ibali lokwenyani, eligcina abaphathi bomgangatho weevenkile ebusuku, limalunga nokungaguquguquki, hayi nje inani kwiphepha elithile. Ngumahluko phakathi kokubetha unyamezelo kwindawo enye egqibeleleyo kwaye uyibambe ngapha nangapha kwamakhulu amahlanu, ngokunxiba izixhobo, i-thermal drift, kunye nokungahambelani kwezinto. Kulapho ubuchule bokwenyani, kunye neendleko zokwenyani, bulele.
Inkohliso yoShicilelo olugqibeleleyo
Ndibone imizobo emininzi ingena nayo yonke into ephawulwe kunyamezelo oluphambeneyo, njenge ± 0.0002. Ikhwaza ukuba umyili akazange ame ngakumatshini. Bagquma iziseko zabo, kodwa kwenza umsebenzi ubize ngokungeyomfuneko. Ukuchaneka kokwenyani kumatshini we-CNC kuqala ngoyilo olukrelekrele. Ngaba olo nyamezelo lunokuyekelelwa ukuba lusebusweni obungabalulekanga? Ngaba inxalenye ifuna ngokwenene oko kugqitywa kuyo yonke indawo? Umcuphi olungileyo, okanye iqabane elilungileyo elinje nge-QSY, liya kutyhala emva kwezo prints. Ayikokusika iikona; imalunga nokusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo apho ibalulekileyo. Ukuchitha umgudu kwimilinganiselo engabalulekanga yindlela eqinisekileyo yokuvuthela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali ngaphambi kokuba isixhobo sokuqala sichukumise isinyithi.
Ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo nguzwilakhe othuleyo wokuchaneka. Ungacwangcisa eyona ndlela intle ye-aluminium, kodwa zama indlela efanayo kwi-gummy 304 engenasici okanye isixhobo esomeleleyo sentsimbi, kwaye uya kubukela ukuchaneka kwakho kusiba ngumphunga. Izinto eziphathekayo zibuyela emva. Iyaphambuka, iyatshisa, iyasebenza-yenza nzima. Ukusebenza kunye ne-alloys ekhethekileyo i-QSY ikhankanya-i-nickel-based, i-cobalt-based-yongeza enye ingqimba. Ezi ayizontsimbi nje eziqinileyo; baziphatha ngokwahlukileyo phantsi komsiki. Ukutya kwakho, isantya, kunye nesicwangciso sendlela yesixhobo kufuneka sakhiwe malunga nobuntu bezinto, hayi nje ukuqina kwayo. Ukufumana ukuchaneka apha kuncinci malunga nobuchule bomatshini kunye nangaphezulu malunga nolwazi lwempahla yomdwelisi.
Emva koko kukho ukuseta. Kulapho i-80% yeempazamo ezichanekileyo zizalwa khona, kumava am. Ivise ekwiwaka lendawo enxuseneyo, into yokusebenza engahlali tyaba ngenxa yentonga encinci, ikholethi enechaphaza lothuli-zonke ziyaphindaphindeka. Ndiyifunde le ndlela kabuhlungu kwangethuba, ndileqa umba wokubaleka kwindawo yentsimbi kangangeeyure, kodwa ndafumana itshiphu ephantse yabonakala idityaniswe phantsi komhlathi. Umatshini wawugqibelele; inkqubo yam yayingekho. Ngoku, isiqingatha seyure sokuqala sawo nawuphi na umsebenzi kukucoca, ukujonga, nokubonisa. Ivakala icotha, kodwa yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo ukuya kwindawo elungileyo.
Izixhobo, i-Thermal Drift, kunye noMatshi weXesha
Ukunxitywa kwesixhobo akukho mgca, kwaye lutshaba lokuchaneka kwebhetshi. Ungacofa kwi-endmill entsha kwaye ufumane iziphumo ezintle. Kodwa emva kweenxalenye ezingamashumi amahlanu, eso sixhobo siphulukene ne-micron yomda waso. Inxalenye isabonakala ilungile, kodwa imilinganiselo iye yatshintsha ngobuchule. Ukuqhuba ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu, udinga iqhinga lembuyekezo yokunxiba. Oku kusenokuthetha utshintsho olucwangcisiweyo lwesixhobo phambi kokusilela, kwinkqubo yokukhangela ukulinganisa kunye nokulungelelanisa ukulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo, okanye ukuyila iimpawu eziza kugqitywa ngesixhobo esizinikezeleyo, esitsha. Kukulwa imfazwe ngokuchasene ne-entropy.
Ukwandiswa kweThermal sisiporho kumatshini. Isixhobo sokusila se-CNC asiyobloko yentsimbi emileyo; yinto ephilayo ekhula njengoko ishushu. Ukuqhuba umsebenzi womatshini onesantya esiphezulu kangangeeyure ezine kuya kutshintsha ijiyometri yomatshini ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni. I-spindle iyanda, i-ballscrews ifudumala, i-castings iyatshintsha. Ngomsebenzi we-ultra-precision, mhlawumbi ufuna umatshini onenkqubo yokulawula i-thermal phenomenal, okanye kufuneka udibanise umatshini-uvumele ukuba uqhube umjikelezo wokufudumala de ufikelele kwiqondo lokushisa elizinzile. Kwaye nangona kunjalo, ubushushu bevenkile engqongileyo bubalulekile. I-10-degree Fahrenheit swing ukusuka kusasa ukuya emva kwemini inokulahla umsebenzi osebenza ixesha elide. Ndibone iinxalenye zidlula i-QC ngo-9 AM kwaye zisilela nge-3 PM kwi-CMM enye kuba akukho mntu uphendule ukuba ivenkile ishushu.
Kulapho ubomi obude benkampani, njengeQSY's 30 iminyaka, buguqulela ngokuthe ngqo ngokuchanekileyo. Ayikokuba noomatshini bale mihla (nangona oko kunceda). Imalunga nokuba nolwazi lwezizwe. Bayazi ukuba oomatshini babo abathile baziphatha njani. Bayazi ukuba uMatshini wesi-3 uqhuba ukufudumala kancinci kwi-Y-axis, ngoko ke bayayibuyekeza kwinkqubo. Bakhe amathala eencwadi eeparameters eziqinisekisiweyo zemathiriyeli eyahlukeneyo-hayi nje intsimbi yegeneric, kodwa ibakala elithile lentsimbi etyhidiweyo okanye i-stainless abayisebenzisayo kuloo veki. Le nkumbulo yeziko sisixhobo esichanekileyo awukwazi ukuthenga.
Umlinganiselo: Eyokugqibela, iJaji eneziphene
Awukwazi ukuthetha ngokuchaneka ngaphandle kokuthetha ngendlela oyilinganisa ngayo. Lo ngomnye umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwethiyori kunye nokusebenza. Inxalenye inokulinganisa ngokugqibeleleyo kwi-micrometer ephathwayo, kodwa ijonga inqaku elinye kuphela. Ukuchaneka kokwenene kwejometri-i-flatness, i-perpendicularity, i-concentricity-idinga i-CMM okanye inkqubo yombono. Kwaye nangona kunjalo, usenceba yeshedyuli yokulinganisa, isakhono somqhubi, kunye nokucoceka kwenxalenye. Ndiye ndaxoxisana ne-QC ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esinye apho umahluko wawungumgca weminwe kwindawo yokulinganisa okanye ukhetho olwahlukileyo lwedatum. Ukuchaza CNC ukuchaneka komatshini kufuna kuqala kucaciswe ngokuchanekileyo ukuba iza kulinganiswa njani, phi, kwaye yintoni na.
Umlinganiselo womntu kumlinganiselo mkhulu. Ukudinwa, ubunzima bamehlo, kwanoxinzelelo olusetyenziswa ngesixhobo sesandla kunokwahluka. Yiyo loo nto kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo, ufudukela kwi-automated gauging okanye kwiitshekhi ezisekelwe kwi-fixture. Isusa ukuguquguquka. Kodwa ukuseta olo lungiso lugqibeleleyo bubugcisa ngokwabo. Kufuneka ichaneke ngakumbi kunenxalenye ejongwayo, kwaye kufuneka iphendule ngendlela inxalenye eya kusetyenziswa ngayo. Ukujonga indawo kwindawo ekhululekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nokuyijonga icinezelwe njengoko bekuya kuba kwindibano kunokunika iimpendulo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Yeyiphi echanekileyo?
Ukuchaneka kumxholo: Ikhonkco lokuCasa
Kulapho imodeli ye-QSY inomdla. Benza zombini ukuphosa kunye CNC Machining. Oku kukhulu ukuchaneka. Ukuba wenza umatshini wokuphosa okuthengiweyo, uqala ngento engaziwayo. Kusenokubakho iindawo ezinzima, ukucutheka kwangaphakathi, okanye isibonelelo sempahla engahambelaniyo. Ulwa nokuphosa ukusuka kwinqumlo yokuqala. Kodwa ukuba iqela lomatshini liphantsi kophahla olufanayo njenge-Foundry, njengaku QSY, banokusebenzisana kwasekuqaleni. I-Foundry inokuxelelwa, Sidinga i-0.5mm eyongezelelweyo yesitokhwe kobu buso ukucoca, okanye Ngaba ungabeka isango apha ukuphepha lo mhlaba ubalulekileyo? Ingcibi ye-machinist ifumana ukuphosa okwenzelwe umatshini ngokuchanekileyo. Olo lawulo lomlambo lulukhulu, luhlala lungahoywa, luyinxalenye yokuchaneka kwenxalenye yokugqibela.
Umzekelo, ngokuphosa utyalo-mali, unokufumana iindawo ezikufutshane ne-net-shape. Ukuchaneka komatshini emva koko kuba malunga nokubetha ama-bores abalulekileyo, imisonto, kunye nokutywinwa komphezulu, endaweni yokususa izinto ezininzi. Oku kutshintsha yonke imeko yoxinzelelo lwenxalenye ngexesha lomatshini. Ukususwa kwezinto ezincinci kuthetha amathuba amancinci okuba inxalenye eshukumayo okanye egqwethekileyo njengoko uyisika. Inkqubo yomatshini iya kuzinza ngakumbi kwaye iqikelelwe ukusuka kwinxalenye enye ukuya kwiwaka.
Iindleko zokwenyani zokusukela iZero
Yonke iodolo yobukhulu ngokuchaneka inyusa iindleko ngokukhawuleza. Ukusuka ku-±0.010 ukuya ku-±0.005 kusenokuthetha isantya sokutya esikhawulezayo kunye nesixhobo esibukhali ngakumbi. Ukusuka ku-±0.001 ukuya ku-±0.0005 kunokufuna igumbi elilawulwa yimozulu, iispindles ezichane kakhulu, izixhobo zedayimani, kunye neeyure ze-metrology. Umbuzo usoloko uba: sidinga ntoni isicelo? Umzimba wevalve yehydraulic ufuna ukuchaneka kwimihlaba yokutywina kunye ne-spool bore, kodwa umphandle unokuba ulungile xa unyamezela kakhulu. Ukufaka ingubo, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu bubunewunewu bezicelo ezimbalwa ezinokuthethelela.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukufuna ukuchaneka okugqibeleleyo kumzobo kunokwenza inxalenye ingasebenzi kakuhle. Ndikhumbula ishafti eyayifuna i-press-fit bear. Umyili uchaze ukugqiba kwesipili kunye nokunyamezelana kwedayamitha ephambeneyo. Ngokwenyani, ukugqibezela okurhabaxa kancinci (ngaphakathi kwesizathu) kunika into encamathelayo yokucofa into ekuluma kuyo, yenze iqhina elomeleleyo. Kwafuneka siyiqhube loo ncoko. Ukuchaneka akuyonjongo engabonakaliyo; yimfuneko esebenzayo. Isebenzela injongo yenxalenye kwihlabathi lokwenyani, ngamandla okwenyani, amaqondo obushushu okwenyani, kunye neenkqubo zokwenyani zokuhlanganisa.
Ngoko xa ndicinga CNC ukuchaneka komatshini ngoku, andiboni nje inani. Ndibona ikhonkco: uyilo olunengqiqo, into efanelekileyo, inkqubo ezinzileyo, isixhobo esibukhali nesiqondakalayo, indawo elawulwayo, kunye nesicwangciso esifanelekileyo sokulinganisa. Yaphula nayiphi na ikhonkco enye, kwaye ukuchaneka kuyawa. Luqeqesho olupheleleyo, hayi into yokutshintshela kulawulo lomatshini. Yimihla ngemihla yokunikela ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha ezincinci ezingabonwa ngabantu abaninzi. Yiloo nto eyahlula inxalenye ehambelana ngokulula nenxalenye esebenzayo, ngokuthembekileyo, unyaka nonyaka. Kwaye ekugqibeleni yiloo nto iinkampani ezihlala kweli candelo, njengeQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology, zithengisa ngokwenene.
