Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'intsimbi engenaziphene zotyalo mali,' bafanekisela into ecwebezelayo, engenasiphako. Lowo ngumfanekiso wentengiso. Inyani kumgangatho wesiseko luthethathethwano oluqhubekayo phakathi kwesinyithi, ijometri, kunye neendleko. Ubuchwephesha bokwenyani abukho nje ekwenzeni ukuba bubukeke bulungile-kukuqikelela ukuba isinyithi siya kuhamba njani kwiqokobhe leceramic, apho i-shrinkage inokufihla khona, kwaye leliphi ibakala le-316L eliya kuziphatha njengoko kuchaziwe emva konyango lobushushu. Ndibone imizobo emininzi kakhulu apho umyili wachaza utyalo-mali oluqinileyo ecinga ukuba kufana nokwenza, ukungaqondi ukuba inkqubo inemithetho yayo yomdlalo.
Umdlalo weShell: Ngakumbi kuneMngundo nje
Masithethe ngeqokobhe. Yintliziyo yenkqubo, kwaye apho iivenkile ezininzi zinqumla iikona. Iqokobhe elifanelekileyo alikho nje ukucwiliswa ludaka kunye nesanti. Imalunga nokubala umaleko, ukuqhubela phambili kwegrit yestucco, kunye neendawo zokomisa ezilawulwayo. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yezinye izinto zaselwandle apho siye safumana ukufuma ngesiquphe. Amaqokobhe aziva omile xa ebamba, kodwa ngexesha lokukhupha i-waxing, safumana i-micro-cracks. Isiphumo? I-finning efihlakeleyo kwii-castings ezibonise kuphela ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo. Kukungaphumeleli oko ongasoloko uyibona ngeliso lenyama. Yandifundisa ukuhlonela i-climate control log kanye njengengxelo yesinyithi.
Apha kulapho amava ngezinto ezifana intsimbi stainless ukugalela iinxalenye zotyalo-mali kuba imichiza impompo imichiza iba ebalulekileyo. Iqokobhe kufuneka imelane nomothuko we-thermal we-17-4PH etyhidiweyo, egalelwa kwiqondo lobushushu elahlukileyo kwaye iziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo, yithi, 304. Iresiphi yeqokobhe eliqhelekileyo liya kukhokelela ekudibaneni okanye kumngxuma womphezulu. Uyayiva—isandi esisenziwa liqokobhe xa sicofa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo sikuxelela ngaphezu kwencwadi ethile.
Ndisebenze nababoneleli abaqhayisa malunga ne-automation kwisakhiwo seqokobhe. Ilungele ukuhambelana kwimitsi yevolyum ephezulu. Kodwa kumalungu antsonkothileyo, anomthamo ophantsi-njengomzimba wevalvu oqhelekileyo onetshaneli zangaphakathi ezidityanisiweyo-akukabikho nto ithatha indawo yegcisa elinobuchule lokuqinisa ngokwenza iindawo ezisesichengeni ngeediphu eziludaka olongezelelweyo. Leyo yi-nuance ongayi kuyifumana kwincwadana.
Isixhobo asiloPhepha nje eliKhethekileyo
Ukucacisa i-CF8M okanye i-316 engenasici kumzobo sisiqalo nje. Ukunyibilika kwayo yonke into. Yeyokumelana nomhlwa intsimbi stainless ukugalela iinxalenye zotyalo-mali, ngakumbi kwi-offshore okanye kwi-pharmaceutical applications, udinga ulawulo oluqinileyo kwizinto ezifana nekhabhoni, isulfure, kunye nomxholo we-ferrite. Ukuphambuka okuncinci kwibhalansi kunokuguqula ukuphosa okulungileyo ngokugqibeleleyo kwi-corrosion nightmare emva kwe-welding okanye ukuvezwa kwi-chlorides.
Saba neprojekthi kanye yezindlu zoluvo kwindawo yokucoca ityuwa. I-specke ibiyi-standard 316. Sihambise into edibana nomgangatho we-ASTM. Basilela ebaleni kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ngenxa yomhlwa. Sifunda ntoni? Umgangatho oqhelekileyo wawunganelanga kwindalo engqongileyo ethile. Kuye kwafuneka sitshintshele kwibakala eliphindwe kabini kwibhetshi yokutshintsha. Ngoku, xa ndibona umzobo, ndihlala ndibuza malunga neyona ndawo yokusebenza, kungekhona nje i-callout yezinto eziphathekayo.
La mandla eziseko ezisebenza ngealloyi ezahlukeneyo. Ivenkile eyenza kuphela umgangatho ococekileyo unokuphosa oku. Indawo efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ngamava abo adwelisiweyo kwi ialloys ezikhethekileyo njenge-nickel-based, inokuba ngqongqo ngakumbi kunye neprothokholi zokulawula umgangatho. Ukusebenza ngezo ngxubevange zikhohlisayo kunyanzelisa uqeqesho oluzuzisa namanqaku asemgangathweni angenasici.
Ukukhohlisa kwe-As-Cast Finish
Kukho uluvo olungelulo oluqhelekileyo lokuba ukufakwa kotyalo-mali kuzisa isiphelo esilungele ukusetyenziswa. Umphezulu we-as-cast unokuba ulungile, uhlala ujikeleze i-125 Ra, kodwa ayifane ibe yindawo yokugqibela. Nawuphi na umphezulu wokutywina, ubuso bokukhwelana, okanye idiameter ebalulekileyo iya kufuna ukwenziwa. Ixabiso lokwenyani likwimo ekufutshane nenetha. Ucutha ixesha lomatshini kunye nenkcitho yezinto eziphathekayo.
Umceli mngeni kukubonelela ngesitokhwe somatshini esaneleyo kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo ngaphandle kokwenza ukuphosa kube nzima kakhulu okanye ukudala imiba ye-thermal mass ngexesha lokuqina. Ndenze umatshini wokusahlela apho isitokhwe sasingalingani kangangokuba isixhobo sancokola kwindawo yokuqala, sityhila indawo enzima ezantsi. Oko kudla ngokukhomba izinga lokupholisa elingahambelaniyo kwelo candelo lokungunda. Ingumba wokuphosa obonisa kwinqanaba lomatshini, ukufiphalisa umgca phakathi kwezi nkqubo zimbini.
Yiyo loo nto udibaniso lokuphosa kunye nomatshini we-CNC phantsi kophahla olunye, njengoko imisebenzi ye-QSY ibonisa, luncedo olukhulu. Iqela lomatshini lingabuyela ngqo kwi-Foundry: Sihlala sibetha indawo enzima apha, okanye Le flange iyagqwesa ngexesha lokubamba. I-Foundry inokulungelelanisa i-gating okanye inkqubo yokupholisa. Ijika ikhonkco lonikezelo libe yi-feedback loop.
Xa ukuntsonkotha kuluma ngasemva
Ukwenziwa kotyalo-mali kuthengiswa ngokukwazi ukuvelisa iimilo ezintsonkothileyo. Yinyani leyo, kodwa asizizo zonke ezintsonkothileyo ezilinganayo. Iingcango ezinzulu nezimxinwa ziyingxaki. Banokuthi babambe i-slurry, ekhokelela ekufakweni kwegobolondo, okanye bathintele ukuhamba kakuhle kwesinyithi. Ndikhumbula icandelo elibonakala lihle kakhulu kwimodeli yeCAD-isakhiwo se-lattice ngaphakathi kwendlu. Entle. Kodwa yayiliphupha elibi lomenzi weqokobhe. Undoqo weceramic ofunekayo wawubuthathaka ngendlela emangalisayo. Umlinganiselo wesivuno wawumbi kakhulu.
Ngamanye amaxesha, intshukumo ekrelekrele kukwenza lula ukuphosa kunye nomatshini into entsonkothileyo yangaphakathi. Okanye uhlukanise inxalenye ibe ngamacandelo amabini ukuze idityaniswe. Oku kufuna umva-na-phambili kunye nomyili, nto leyo abathengi abaninzi abayilindelanga. Bafuna ifayile yeCAD ecatshulwe njengoko injalo. Isiseko esihle siya kuqalisa loo ncoko, nokuba inomngcipheko wokuphulukana nesicatshulwa. Igcina wonke umntu ekungaphumelelini emgceni.
Le ngxoxo yoyilo-lokwenziwa kokwenziwayo (DFM) ibalulekile. Kulapho ubona khona ukuba umthengisi ngumntu othatha iodolo okanye iqabane lokwenyani. Inkampani eneminyaka engama-30 ekusaseni nasematshinini, njengeQSY ekhankanyiweyo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yakha esi sikhundla sokucebisa. Bayibonile into esebenzayo kwaye yintoni ephukayo, ngokwemali kunye ne-metallurgically.
Iindleko Zokwenyani: Isivuno nguKumkani
Ixabiso leyunithi ngokusaswa lingamampunge metric. Ixabiso lokwenyani likwindleko iyonke yeprojekthi, elawulwa sisivuno. Ixabiso leyunithi ephantsi kunye ne-50% yesivuno ngenxa ye-porosity okanye ukugqwesa ngumgodi wemali. Uhlawulela izinto ezilahliweyo, indibano ebambezelekayo, kunye nothutho lomoya olungxamisekileyo ukuze kufakwe ezinye.
Ukwakha izinga lesivuno esithembekileyo kwi intsimbi stainless ukugalela iinxalenye zotyalo-mali Ivela ekulawuleni ikhulu lezinto ezincinci: ubushushu benaliti yewax, ixesha lokubhaka iqokobhe, isantya sokugalela, uyilo lokungena. Ayinabukhazikhazi. Ziilogbooks, iitshathi zolawulo lwenkqubo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, intuition. Uqala ukuqaphela ivumba leqokobhe elibhakwe ngokufanelekileyo xa lithelekiswa nelisabambe ukufuma.
Isivuno esiphezulu sikwangonxibelelwano olunyanisekileyo. Umseki oyingcali uya kukuxelela ukuba inqaku lisemngciphekweni omkhulu kwinkqubo yabo. Ndingathanda ukuva ukuba singayenza loo nto, kodwa sincoma ukongeza i-0.5mm yerediyasi ukuphucula ukugcwalisa kwinqanaba le-quote kunokuba uve ukuba sine-30% yereyithi ye-scrap kolu phawu emva kokuba isixhobo senziwe. Olo kunyaniseka, ozelwe kumashumi eminyaka yokusebenza, yinto eyahlula iqabane lobugcisa kumthengisi wempahla. Ijika inkqubo ukusuka kwibhokisi emnyama ibe yinzame yobunjineli edibeneyo, kulapho ixabiso lokwenyani lokuphosa utyalo-mali lilele.
