Xa usiva i-'Incoloy 825', into yokuqala edla ngokufika engqondweni 'kukungatyaleki' - kwaye ichanekile, kodwa ikwangumgibe. Ebaleni, ngakumbi kwiivenkile ezinjengezethu eziphatha zombini ukuphosa kunye nomatshini ochanekileyo, isidima se-alloy sinokukhokelela ekwenziweni lula. Ayisiyombumbulu yomlingo yenkonzo emuncu okanye i-nitric acid; ukuziphatha kwayo ngexesha lokuvelisa, ukusuka kumgangatho we-Foundry ukuya kumatshini we-CNC, ichaza ixabiso layo lokwenyani. Ndibone uyilo oluninzi luyicacisa ngentloko, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iinyani zokwenziwa. Ukwakheka okuphezulu kwe-nickel-chromium-molybdenum-copper kunika ukuba i-pitting emnandi kunye noxinzelelo lwe-corrosion ukumelana nokuqhekeka, kodwa kwaloo recipe iyenza isilwanyana esahlukileyo ukusebenza xa kuthelekiswa nomgangatho we-316L. Ngulo msantsa phakathi kwedatha kunye neworkshop endiwufumana ubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukusuka kwi-Melt ukuya kwi-Mold: Ukuphosa i-Incoloy 825 ayithanga tye
Amava ethu e-Foundry, ngakumbi nge-shell mold kunye neenkqubo zotyalo-mali esiqhuba kuzo Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), usifundise ukuba i-nickel alloys efana IKholoyi 825 funa intlonipho kwasekuqaleni. Inkqubo yokunyibilika ibalulekile. Awunakukwazi ukuthenga izinto ze-tramp; Ilothe encinci okanye ungcoliseko lwesulfure lunokonakalisa ukusebenza okushushu. Sigcina iiprothokholi ze-makeup yentlawulo engqongqo, rhoqo sisebenzisa i-revert yodidi oluphezulu kunye ne-virgin material blends ukulawula chemistry ngokuqinileyo. Injongo kukubetha loo ndawo imnandi: Ni ~ 42%, Cr ~ 21.5%, Mo ~ 3%, Cu ~ 2.2%, kunye nokuzinzisa ukudibanisa kweTi. Uyayikhumbula, kwaye iipropathi zomhlwa ozihlawulelayo zisenokungabikho.
Uphawu lokuqinisa yenye ingongoma. Ayiyiyo eyona ingxubevange yolwelo xa ugalelwa. Kutyalo-mali, kuye kwafuneka ukuba silungelelanise amaqondo obushushu angaphambi kobushushu kumaqokobhe ethu eceramic kwaye sidibanise iiparamitha zokugalela ukunqanda ii-mistruns kumacandelo amancinci okanye iinyembezi ezishushu kwezo zinzima. Sisenzo sokulungelelanisa – kushushu kakhulu, kwaye ubeka emngciphekweni wokukhula okugqithisileyo kweenkozo kunye nokushwabana kancinci; ipholile kakhulu, kwaye ukugcwaliswa akuphelelanga. Le asiyonto uyifundayo kwincwadi yesandla; iye yaqokelelwa ngolingo kwaye, ngokungafihlisiyo, inkunkuma ebiza kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo. Sakhe saba nebhetshi yemizimba yevalvu ebonisa i-micro-porosity phantsi kokuhlolwa kwe-radiographic, elandelwa umva kubushushu obuncinci bokugalela obubonakala bulungile kwintsimbi yekhabhoni kodwa yayingaphaya komgca wama-825.
Unyango lobushushu be-post-cast alunakuxoxisana. Isakhiwo se-as-cast si-inhomogeneous kwaye silayishwe ngoxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Umjikelo wesisombululo esifanelekileyo, oqhele ukujikeleza °F ulandelwa kukucima okukhawulezileyo, kubalulekile ukunyibilikisa izigaba zesibini kunye nokukhupha ubume obufanayo be-austenitic. Ukutsiba oku okanye ukufumana umoya we-furnace engalunganga (i-oxidizing vs. protective) inokushiya inxalenye esengozini yokuhlaselwa kwe-intergranular kamva. Silinganise iiprofayili zethu zeziko kwaye sisebenzisa iitshathi zokurekhoda kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo - kuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki.
Intloko yoMachining: Apho ithiyori idibana khona nesixhobo
Ukuba ukuyiphosa kufuna ukhathalelo, machining IKholoyi 825 kulapho umceli mngeni wokwenene uqala khona kwivenkile ye-CNC. Kulapho imodeli yethu edibeneyo ikhoyo QSY ibonisa ukubaluleka kwayo. Awukwazi ukuphosa nje inkqubo eqhelekileyo yensimbi engenasici kuyo. I-alloy iyasebenza-inzima ngokukhawuleza kunye nobudlova. Ufakelo olubuthuntu kancinane okanye isantya sokutya esingonelanga siya kudala umaleko oqina ngaphantsi komsiki, okwenza isihogo esilandelayo sokugqitha kwizixhobo kunye nokubanakho ukubeka esichengeni isidima somphezulu wenxalenye.
Ukukhetha isixhobo kuyo yonke into. Sihambe phantse ngokukhethekileyo kwii-premium-grade substrates ze-carbide ezineengubo ezikhethekileyo (i-AlTiN-based ihlala isebenza kakuhle) ukwenzela ukurhaxa kunye nokugqiba. Iijeyometri zeharika ezintle ziyimfuneko ukunciphisa amandla okusika kunye nokuqina komsebenzi. Isipholisi asenzelwa ukupholisa nje; sisithambiso sokunceda itshiphu ukuba ishelele kude. Sisebenzisa i-high-pressure, ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokupholisa iisistim zokupholisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifika kanye kumphetho wokusika. Ndikhumbula umsebenzi wokwenza iimpompo ezinkulu zempompo apho saqale sasebenzisa iiparamitha zethu eziqhelekileyo ze-duplex stainless. Sidlule kwiiseti ezintathu zokufakwa kwishifti enye. Ukulungiswa? Yehlise i-SFM malunga ne-25%, yonyusa isondlo ngezinyo ngalinye, kwaye yaqinisekisa ubungqongqo obupheleleyo kulungiselelo. Ngokukhawuleza, ukufakwa kwathatha utshintsho olupheleleyo, kwaye ukugqitywa komphezulu kwaphucula kakhulu.
Ukugrumba kunye nokucofa ngamanqaku athile entlungu. I-Peck drilling inyanzelekile, kunye nokurhoxiswa ngokupheleleyo ukususa iitshiphusi kunye nokwaphula umjikelo wobunzima bomsebenzi. Ukucofa, sihlala sikhankanya iimpompo ezijikelezayo ezilungiselelwe izixhobo ezomeleleyo kwaye zisebenzisa i-synchronous feed kwi-CNC ukunqanda i-chip welding. Uyacotha, umsebenzi owenziwe ngendlela. Ubalo lwezoqoqosho lutshintsha ukusuka ekwandiseni ixesha lokuphucula umatshini ukuya ekwandiseni ubomi besixhobo kunye nomgangatho wenxalenye. Ukuyingxamela yindlela eqinisekileyo yokulahlekelwa yimali kwiindawo ezilahliweyo kunye nezixhobo ezitshatyalalisiwe.
Ukuwelda kunye nokuFamba: I-Puzzle yokuDibana
Ngelixa undoqo wethu use https://www.tsingtaocnc.com ukuphosa kunye nomatshini, sihlala sinikezela ngamacandelo afuna ukudityaniswa kwizakhiwo ezinkulu ezidityanisiweyo. Ke, ukuqonda ukuwelda yinxalenye yenkonzo. IKholoyi 825 ithathwa njenge-weldable, kodwa kunye ne-caveats enkulu. Into ephambili kukuthintela imvula ye-carbide kwindawo echaphazelekayo ngubushushu (HAZ).
Sisoloko sincoma ukusebenzisa iintsimbi zokuzalisa ezihambelanayo, njenge-ERNiFeCr-1 okanye i-ENiFeCr-1 electrodes. Ubushushu bangaphambili abusoloko bufuneka, kodwa ukulawula ubushushu be-interpass kubalulekile – ukubugcina bungaphantsi kwe-150°C kunceda. Eyona mpazamo inkulu esiyibonileyo kubathengi kukusebenzisa iinkqubo zokufaka ubushushu obuphezulu abazisebenzisayo kwintsimbi yekhabhoni. Leyo yindlela eqinisekisiweyo yokudala i-HAZ ebanzi, eqondakalayo. Ukufakwa kobushushu obuphantsi, amaso e-stringer, kunye nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza ngabahlobo be-825 welding. Unyango lobushushu lwasemva kwe-weld aluqhelekanga ngaphandle kokuba ufuna ukukhulula uxinzelelo lozinzo lwe-dimensional kwinkonzo eqatha, kodwa ukuba uyenzile, kubuyela kweso sisombululo somjikelo we-anneal.
Omnye umba osebenzayo kukuwelding okwahlukileyo. Ukudibanisa i-825 kwintsimbi ye-carbon ixhaphake kwizixhobo ezigqunyiweyo okanye imilomo. Apha, udinga uluhlu lwebhotela, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye ne-nickel alloy filler, ukukhusela ukufuduka kwekhabhoni kwintsimbi ukuya kwi-825, enokudala indawo enqabileyo. Yinkcukacha ekulula ukuyihoya kumzobo kodwa ibe yintlekele enkonzweni.
Ukutshintshwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nomgibe owaneleyo
Kwiiprojekthi ezijongana neendleko, kuhlala kukho uxinzelelo lokujonga ezinye iindlela. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-316L ene-Mo eyongezelelweyo iyacetyiswa, okanye i-alloy 20. Kuthi, akukhona nje malunga nekhemistri; imalunga nemvulophu yokusebenza.
Ingxubevange engama-20 inoxhathiso olungcono lwe-sulfuric acid kodwa ayomelelanga kwindawo yekloridi njenge IKholoyi 825. IHastelloy C-276 igqwesile kwi-oxidizing chlorides kodwa iza ngexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu. I-matrix yesigqibo ibandakanya ugxininiso lwe-ion, ubushushu, i-pH, kunye nobukho bee-oxidizing agents. Siziswe iindawo ezingaphumeleliyo phambi kwexesha ngenxa yokuba kukho umntu ofake endaweni yealloyi efanayo ngaphandle kokuqonda ngokupheleleyo ubume benkonzo - amaxesha amaninzi isixokelelwano samanzi okupholisa ebenekloridi ezingalindelekanga okanye inkqubo yomsinga enomkhondo wefluoride ophathwa ngcono ngama-825.
Indima yethu idla ngokuba kukucebisana. Umxhasi unokusithumela i-spec yecandelo le-825. Ngokuxoxa ngesicelo sangempela - amaqondo okushisa, imidiya, imijikelezo yoxinzelelo - ngamanye amaxesha sinokuqinisekisa ukhetho okanye, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, sicebise ngento engabizi kakhulu ukuba imo engqongileyo incinci. Kodwa rhoqo kunokuba kungenjalo, ukuba i-spec ibiza i-825, kukho isizathu esilungileyo, esibuhlungu sayo. Ukutshintsha ngobumfama yindlela ekhawulezayo yokuya kukusilela ebaleni.
UQinisekiso loMgangatho: Umzila wePhepha yinxalenye yeMveliso
Ngemathiriyeli efana nale, isatifikethi sokuthotyelwa ayisosimo; ngundoqo onokuziswa. Sifumana imvelaphi yethu IKholoyi 825 ukusuka koomatshini abathembekileyo kwaye bahlala besenza uqinisekiso lwesibini. Isenzo esisemgangathweni samacandelo abalulekileyo kukuthumela ikhuphoni ukusuka kubushushu obufanayo ukuya kwilebhu yomntu wesithathu ukuze kuhlalutywe uhlalutyo lwekhemistri emanzi. Ngoba? Ngenxa yokuba ii-certs ze-mill zivela kuhlalutyo lweladle. I-chemistry yemveliso yokugqibela inokutshintsha kancinci, kwaye kwi-825, kancinci kwi-Ti okanye umxholo we-C unokubaluleka.
I-NDT nayo yonyusiwe. Ukusaswa, senza rhoqo uvavanyo lokungena kwidayi kwiziphene ezingaphezulu. Kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo, uvavanyo lwe-radiographic lusemgangathweni. Umphezulu owenziwe ngoomatshini uhlala uvavanyelwa ukuqina komsebenzi okanye ukukrazulwa. Le QA engqongqo ivela kwinto yokuba ezi nxalenye zihlala zingena kwiinkqubo apho ukungaphumeleli kungayiyo inketho - izixhobo ze-subsea, imigca yokulungisa imichiza, izihlambululi zokulawula ukungcola. Iindleko zokungaphumeleli kwintsimi zinciphisa iindleko zokuhlola kwangaphambili.
Lulwazi lokusetyenziswa kokuphela olubumba inkqubo yethu yonke. Ukususela ngoku i IKholoyi 825 isitokhwe sifika kwiziko lethu eQingdao, ukuya kwi crating yokugqibela egqityiweyo, umzimba wevalve ehloliwe okanye i-impeller yempompo, inyathelo ngalinye lilawulwa kukuqonda ukuba asikho nje ukubumba isinyithi; sibonelela ngomqobo ngokuchasene neyona ndawo inobungozi kwimizi-mveliso emhlabeni. Loo mbopheleleko imisela isantya, inyameko, kunye nonxunguphalo olubangelwa kukusebenza ngombandela onobuchule obunjalo kodwa onzima ngolo hlobo.
