Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'intsimbi engwevu,' baba nomfanekiso wento enzima, enexabiso eliphantsi, nelula. Yimpazamo yokuqala leyo. Inyani ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ukuyiphatha kakubi kumgangatho wevenkile kubiza imali yokwenyani kunye nexesha.
Ihashe Lokusebenza Elingaqondwayo
Masicace: intsimbi engwevu ayikhethwa ngenxa yokuqina kwayo. Uyisebenzisela umthamo wayo wokudambisa kunye nokumelana nokunxiba. Ndibone uyilo oluninzi kakhulu apho umntu echaza iayini ye-ductile okanye intsimbi yendlu okanye isiseko, esukela inani eliphezulu lamandla kwiphepha elithile, kuphela ukuba yonke indibano ingcangcazele njengefolokhwe yokulungisa okanye ukunxiba kwangaphambi kwexesha kwiindawo zonxibelelwano. Iiflake zegraphite kwintsimbi engwevu sisixhobo sayo esiyimfihlo. Zisebenza njengezidambisi ze-vibration ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kwaye zibonelela ngesiphumo sokuthambisa. Yimpahla egqwesileyo phantsi koxinzelelo, hayi uxinzelelo. Ukuba inxalenye yakho kuqala ibona imithwalo ecinezelayo kwaye ifuna ukuhlala uzolile kwaye uzinzile, i-iron engwevu ihlala ilungile, ukhetho olunoqoqosho ngakumbi.
Apha kulapho amava ngenkqubo ye-Foundry abaluleke kakhulu. Izinga lokupholisa ngexesha lokuqiniswa lilawula ngokuthe ngqo ubungakanani be-graphite flake kunye nokusabalalisa, nto leyo echaza iimpawu zokugqibela. Inxalenye enecandelo elingqingqwa kunye necandelo elincinci elipholileyo ngendlela efanayo liya kuba ne-microstructures eyahlukileyo. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yeziseko zoomatshini esizifumeneyo kwiminyaka eyadlulayo eyathi yaphuhlisa ubulukhuni obungahambelaniyo kumphezulu wesikhokelo. Ingxaki yayingelobanga lezinto eziphathekayo; yayikukubekwa kwezinto ezinyukayo kunye namaqondo obushushu agalelayo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekugodoleni kwezinye iindawo kunye negraphite ethambileyo kwezinye. Umzobo uthe iClass 30 Grey Iron, kodwa oko akwanelanga. Kwafuneka sisebenze kunye nesiseko kuyilo lwepateni kunye nenkqubo yokungena.
Iinkampani ebezikumdlalo wokuphosa amashumi eminyaka, njengaye Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kuqonde oku ngaphakathi. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 yokuphosa kunye nokwenza oomatshini, bayibonile le migibe. Xa ubrawuza ipotfoliyo yabo tsngtaocnc.com, awujongi nje kumacandelo agqityiweyo; ujonge inkqubo enzulu yokuqonda. Kuba grey cast iron mechanical parts, oku kuthetha ukwazi indlela yokuyila isikhunta kunye nokulawula inkqubo yokufumana isakhiwo esifanelekileyo kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo, ngakumbi kwiimilo ezinzima.
Machining: Apho uMceli mngeni wokwenyani uhlala uhleli
Ukulingwa kusisiqingatha kuphela sebali. Ukwenza iinxalenye zentsimbi ezingwevu bubuchule bayo obukhethekileyo. Uthuli oludumileyo - i-graphite ecocekileyo kunye neentsimbi zentsimbi - ziyingozi kwaye zihamba yonke indawo. Kwenza umonakalo kwizikhokelo zoomatshini kunye nezikrufu zebhola ukuba azilawulwa ngokungqongqo ngokucoca nokutywinwa okufanelekileyo. Awunakusebenzisa iindlela zokupholisa ezifanayo njengentsimbi; Izohlwayo zinokuvala iinkqubo. Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kumsebenzi womthamo omkhulu wokwakha izindlu zempompo. Isipholisi sethu esisemgangathweni esinyibilikayo emanzini sijike saludaka oluye lonakalise ukutywinwa kwempompo ngeveki. Siye satshintshela kwisipholisi se-viscous ngakumbi, esikhethekileyo sokuhluza kwaye sanyusa imijikelo yokulungisa.
Emva koko kukho izixhobo. Ukufakwa kweCarbide kunye neejiyometri ezibukhali, ezintle zisebenza kakuhle, kodwa ubomi besixhobo bunokungacingelwa ukuba ubethe ukufakwa kwesanti okanye indawo enzima yokupholisa ngokukhawuleza. Izixhobo zePCD (i-polycrystalline diamond) ziyamangalisa ukugqiba imisebenzi kwintsimbi ecocekileyo, engaguqukiyo, enika ubomi obumangalisayo, kodwa iindleko zangaphambili ziphezulu. Kukubala: umthamo wenxalenye, ukugqiba komphezulu ofunekayo, kunye nokunyamezela. Ngenxa yokudikwa okuphezulu kwezihlalo zomzimba zevalvu, safudukela kwi-PCD kwaye asizange sijonge ngasemva-ukuhambelana kwazihlawulela.
Kungenxa yoko le nto umthengisi odibanisa ukuphosa kunye CNC Machining phantsi kophahla olunye, njengoko i-QSY isenza, inenzuzo eyahlukileyo. Banokucwangcisa inkqubo yokuphosa becinga ngomatshini. Basenokongeza isitokhwe esincinci esongezelelweyo kwindawo ethanda ukushwabana, okanye bamise umgca wokwahlulahlula ukunciphisa ubuchwephesha kumphezulu wedatum obalulekileyo. Olu Luyilo lokucinga lokuSebenza luphelisa ezininzi iintloko ezibuhlungu ezenzekayo xa ukuphosa kunye nomatshini wenziwa ngabathengisi abahlukeneyo, abaqhawulayo.
Umbuzo we-Alloying kunye noNyango lwangaphandle
Intsimbi engwevu (njenge-ASTM Class 20, 30, 35) igubungela i-80% yezicelo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ufuna okungakumbi. Ukongeza i-chromium yonyusa ubulukhuni kunye nokunganyangeki kokunxiba kumalungu afana needramu zebrake okanye ii-cylinder liners, kodwa kwakhona kwenza intsimbi ibe brittle kwaye ibenzima kumatshini. Ukongezwa kwe-nickel kunceda ukucokisa igraphite kunye nokuphucula ukufana kunye namandla, ahlala esetyenziswa kumacandelo atyebileyo ukuthintela ukuthambisa. Sisenzo sokulinganisa.
Kwaye phantse ungaze usebenzise umphezulu wentsimbi ekrwada, njengoomatshini kwisicelo esiguqukayo. Ifuna ukukhuselwa okanye ukwandiswa. I-Phosphating ixhaphakile kwi-corrosion resistance kwaye njengesiseko sepeyinti. Kumgangatho wokutyibilika njengeringi zepiston okanye iipleyiti zokucinezela, i-tin plating okanye ukwenziwa lukhuni kwe-induction kunokuchazwa. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yeebhloko ezininzi zehydraulic apho sasitsiba unyango lwangaphezulu ukonga iindleko. Impazamo enkulu. Umhlwa omncinci womphezulu owenziwe ngexesha lokuthunyelwa kwenqanawa phesheya kweelwandle, owathi emva koko wangcolisa yonke inkqubo yehydraulic ekuqaleni. Iindleko zokungaphumeleli zinciphise iindleko zenyathelo elilula lephosphating.
Xa Isilela (kwaye Kutheni)
Intsimbi engwevu ikuxelela xa ingonwabanga. Iintsilelo zayo zidla ngokuba brittle kwaye zicacile. Isandi sentsimbi engwevu yeklasikhi - i-thud ebuthuntu endaweni yeringi xa ibethelwa - kukukhangela intsimi ekhawulezayo. Uninzi lweentsilelo endiziphandileyo zehla kwizinto ezintathu: ukusebenzisa i-tensile okanye umthwalo womothuko ekungazange kujongwe ukuba uwuphathe (njengokusebenzisa isibiyeli sentsimbi engwevu njengesixhobo sokusebenza), ukothuka kwe-thermal (ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza, ukufudumeza okungalinganiyo kunye nokupholisa okubangela iintanda), okanye umhlwa ukusuka kwindawo engafanelekanga.
Ityala elinye elikhethekileyo lalibandakanya indlu enkulu yebhokisi yegiya yesiko. Iphumelele zonke iimvavanyo zoxinzelelo kodwa yasilela kwinkonzo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ngokuqhekeka okuyintlekele. Uhlalutyo lwe-Metallurgical lubonise ukuqhekeka okuvela kwi-subsurface shrinkage cavity kufuphi nekona yangaphakathi ebukhali-i-stress riser. Ukuphoswa ngokwako kudibene ne-spec yebakala, kodwa uyilo (ikona elibukhali) elidityaniswe nencinci, ukuphosa okuvumelekileyo ukungafezeki kudale indawo yokusilela. Ukulungiswa yayilutshintsho olulula kodwa olubalulekileyo loyilo: ukongeza iradiyasi yefillet kuloo kona kwipatheni, apho isiseko, QSY, inokubavumela ngokulula. Yabalaselisa ukuba ukuchaza umbandela akwanelanga; kufuneka uyile inkqubo yokuphosa.
I-Niche ye-Shell kunye noTyalo-mali lwe-Iron
Uninzi lwamalungu entsimbi angwevu yisanti. Kodwa kumacandelo afuna ukugqitywa komphezulu ongcono, ukunyamezelwa kwe-cast, okanye ukuntsonkotha ngakumbi, iijiyometri ezibhityileyo, ezinye iinkqubo ziyadlala. Ukubunjwa kokungunda kweqokobhe, edweliswa yi-QSY njengeyona nto ikhethekileyo, isebenzisa isanti eqatywe intlaka ukwenza umngundo oqinileyo, obhityileyo. Inika ukugqiba okugudileyo kunye nokuchaneka okungaphezulu kunesanti eluhlaza eqhelekileyo. Cinga ngezinto ezincinci, ezintsonkothileyo ze-injini okanye imizimba yevalvu esebenza ngamanzi.
Utyalo mali lwentsimbi aluxhaphakanga ngenxa yeendleko, kodwa lusetyenziselwa ukuntsonkotha ngendlela emangalisayo, iindawo ezikufutshane nemilo apho umatshini unokuba nzima kakhulu okanye ube yinkcitho. Isisombululo seenkcukacha asihambelani. Yinto eyodwa phakathi kwezinto ezikhethekileyo, kwaye ukuyibona idweliswe ngumthengisi kubonisa umgangatho ophezulu wokukwazi. Kwindlu ye-sensor enzima kakhulu kunye neepaseji zangaphakathi, ukutshintshela kwi-design yentsimbi eyenziweyo ukuya kwi-investment-cast gray iron part edityanisiweyo amacandelo amaninzi, ukuphuculwa kwe-damping, kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuhlanganisa, nangona ixabiso eliphezulu lokuphosa iyunithi.
Iingcinga zokugqibela: Ukucacisa ngobukrelekrele
Ngoko, xa uchaza grey cast iron mechanical parts, hamba ngaphaya nje kweklasi ye-ASTM. Cinga ngomsebenzi: ukudambisa, ukunyanzeliswa, ukunxiba. Qwalasela ikhonkco lokuvelisa: iya kuphoswa njani kwaye yenziwe ngoomatshini? Nxibelelana nomthengisi wakho malunga nemiphezulu ebalulekileyo kunye neendlela zomthwalo. Iqabane elilungileyo aliyi kucaphula nje ushicilelo; bayakubuza imibuzo malunga nesicelo kwaye banokucebisa uyilo oluchuliweyo tweak okanye inkqubo eyahlukileyo efana iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa ukuphucula ukuthembeka okanye ukunciphisa iindleko zizonke. Usukelo kukusebenzisa amandla emvelo alo mbandela, kungekhona ukulwa nobuthathaka bawo. Lowo ngumahluko phakathi kwenxalenye esebenza nje kunye nesebenza ngokugqwesileyo amashumi eminyaka.
