Ubona i-'MIM' iphoswe ngapha nangapha kakhulu kwezi ntsuku, rhoqo njenge-buzzword 'enzima, iindawo ezingabizi kakhulu.' Leyo yimbono yokuqala ephosakeleyo. Ayingomlingo, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ayisoloko inexabiso eliphantsi. Ibali lokwenyani le inkqubo yokubumba inaliti yesinyithi iqala ixesha elide phambi kokuba ukungunda kuvalwe, kwinqanaba elimdaka, elibalulekileyo lokutya. Yenza okungalunganga, kwaye akukho nto enye ibalulekileyo.
Umdaniso we-Feedstock: Ubugcisa obungaphezulu kuneNzululwazi
Wonke umntu uthetha malunga nokubumba okanye ukuhlamba, kodwa intliziyo yokusebenza kwe-MIM ethembekileyo yi-feedstock homogeneity. Asiyikuxuba nje umgubo wesinyithi kunye nesibophelelo; sidala iyunifomu, ikhompawundi ebalekayo. Umlinganiselo yinto yonke. Isibophelelo esininzi kakhulu? Ufumana i-slumping kunye nokugqwetheka ngexesha lokudibanisa. Incinci kakhulu? Awukwazi ukugcwalisa amacandelo amancinci. Ndibone iibhetshi ezivela kubaboneleli abahlukeneyo, kunye neempawu ezifanayo, ziziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Akunjalo nje malunga ne-D50 yomgubo; lunikezelo lwemilo yamasuntswana. Iipowders ezingqukuva ezivela kwi-atomization yegesi zihamba ngcono, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa loo milo ingqukuva ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzakalisa uxinaniso lokugqibela ukuba awulumkanga ngeeprofayili zokuthambisa.
Ekuqaleni, sasineprojekthi yesixhobo esincinci sotyando, inxalenye ene-cross-section ephuma kwi-2mm ukuya kwi-0.5mm. Sisebenzise i-316L feedstock eqhelekileyo. Amalungu ayebonakala egqibelele ngaphandle kokungunda. Emva koko kwafika i-catalytic debinding. Amacandelo abhityileyo avele... anyamalala. Ayinyibiliki, kodwa isilele ngokwasemoyeni. Ireyithi yokususa isibophelelo ibindlongo kakhulu kulo mahluko obunzima. Sifunda ntoni? Uqulunqo lwemfuyo yakho yesondlo kufuneka ilungelelaniswe kungekuphela nje kwimathiriyeli, kodwa kwijiyometri yenxalenye. Ubungakanani obunye-bulingana-bonke umgubo / umdibaniso we-binder yiresiphi yobuhlungu bentliziyo. Ufuna iqabane eliyiqondayo le nto kwinqanaba legranular, umntu onje Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Ngamashumi eminyaka ekusasazeni ngokuchanekileyo, bayakuqonda ukubaluleka kokuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-thermal, ingqondo eguqulela ngokuthe ngqo ekulawuleni i-MIM feedstock kunye ne-sintering.
Kwaye inkqubo yokubopha ngokwayo-lilinye ihlabathi lonke. I-wax-polymer, i-soluble yamanzi, i-catalytic-nganye ishiya iminwe yayo inxalenye. I-Catalytic (isebenzisa umphunga we-nitric acid) iyakhawuleza kodwa inokuhlasela i-alloys ezithile. I-Thermal debinding iyacotha kodwa ithambile. Ukhetho apha luchaza ishedyuli yakho yesithando somlilo, ukuphatha inxalenye yakho, kunye nezinga lesiphako sakho. Lukhetho olusisiseko olwenzayo phambi kokuba uyile isixhobo.
Sintering: Apho uMlingo (kunye nokushwabana) Kwenzeka ngokwenene
Esi sisigaba sokwenza okanye sokuqhawula. 'Unenxalenye yakho emdaka'—ebuthathaka, yonke into edibanisayo kunye nomgubo wamathambo. Umjikelo wesithando somlilo kulapho uba yintsimbi. Ukucutheka kuyaqikelelwa, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-15-20%, kodwa ayisotropic ngokugqibeleleyo. Indawo ende, ethe tyaba inokujika ukuba ayixhaswanga kakuhle kwiiseti. Sake sabaleka ibhetshi yeepleyiti zokuxhuma. Unyamezelo lweDimensional lwaluqinile kwimingxuma enyukayo. Sibetha ingxinano yethiyori ye-sintered, kodwa imingxunya ihonjiswe ngama-microns ambalwa. Ngoba? Umoya weziko lomlilo wawunothambeka oluncinane. Amalungu akwicala lasekhohlo lebhanti abone iprofayile yobushushu eyahlukileyo kunaleyo ingasekunene.
Ulawulo lwe-atmosphere yinto yonke. Hydrogen, argon, vacuum, okanye ammonia eqhekekileyo. Kwiintsimbi ezingenastainless, udinga umoya wokunciphisa ngokugqibeleleyo ukuze ufumane loo ndawo icocekileyo ngaphandle kwe-carburization. Ukuvuza okuncinci, ukungena kancinci kweoksijini, kwaye ufumana indawo erhabaxa, ene-sintered enqabileyo. Ayisoloko ibonakala ngeliso lenyama kananjalo. Sinebhetshi yeengxenye ze-17-4 ze-PH eziphumelele uhlolo olubonakalayo kunye nokujonga okusisiseko. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, babesilela phantsi kokudinwa. I-Metallography ibonise i-oxide inclusions kunye nemida yeenkozo-umkhondo womoya ngexesha elibalulekileyo eliphakathi kwe-sintering.
Apha kulapho amava e-Foundry abonisa khona ngokwenene. Inkampani efana ne-QSY, esebenze iminyaka engaphezu kwe-30 kwigobolondo kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali kunye ne-alloys ukusuka kwiintsimbi eziqhelekileyo ukuya kwi-nickel-based superalloys, iyakuqonda ukuqhutyelwa kwe-thermal emathanjeni abo. Olo lwazi malunga nendlela i-alloys ekhethekileyo eziphatha ngayo kumaqondo aphezulu, indlela yokulawula i-atmospheres ukukhusela ukungcola, idluliselwe ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ixabiseke kakhulu inkqubo yokubumba inaliti yesinyithi. Bayazi ukuba ukucula ayikokuba nje 'kukufudumeza'; yimetamorphosis elawulwayo.
Umgibe wokuSebenza kunye neMisebenzi yesibini
Abantu bacinga ukuba iMIM iyabuphelisa oomatshini. Iyayinciphisa. Usephantse wasoloko ufuna ii-ops yesibini. I-EDM yeempawu ezingenakubunjwa, njengee-undercuts okanye iikona zangaphakathi ezisikwere ngokugqibeleleyo. Ukukhanya kwe-CNC machining kwimigangatho ebalulekileyo yokutywina okanye imisonto. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-coining operation post-sinter to true up a dimension. Umgibe uyila inxalenye ye-MIM ngokungathi iya kuba yinxalenye yokugqibela ye-net-shape. Kufuneka uyiyile inkqubo. Iradiya enkulu, ubukhulu bodonga obufanayo apho kunokwenzeka, ii-engile zokuyila—ayizongcebiso ezi.
Ndikhumbula isixhobo secandelo lezindlu zekhamera. Umyili wayefuna umphetho omhle, obukhali wobuhle. Zero radius. Sayizama. I-feedstock ayizukuyizalisa rhoqo, kwaye iikona zaziza kubetha ngexesha lokukhutshwa okanye ukuphatha kwimeko emdaka. Kwafuneka sibuyele umva, songeza iradiyasi eyi-0.1mm. Yayingabonakali kwimveliso yokugqibela kodwa yenza ukuba inxalenye yenziwe. Isixhobo ngokwaso sesinye irhamncwa. Sisixhobo sokubumba inaliti, ngoko ke ifuna ipolishi, iivents ezilungileyo, isango elililo. Kodwa uyigqabhuza ngomgubo wentsimbi. Ukunxiba kwiikona kunye namasango aphezulu kuneplastiki. Kufuneka wenze izicwangciso zolo londolozo.
Kwaye le yi-synergy kunye nomnikezeli wenkonzo epheleleyo. Ukuba ujonga amandla e-QSY, badwelisa oomatshini be-CNC kanye ecaleni kwezinto zabo zokusabisa. Eso sitshixo. Banokuthatha inxalenye ye-MIM ene-sintered kunye nangaphakathi, umatshini we-datum ebalulekileyo okanye ubhobhoze umngxuma onqamlezayo ekungenakwenzeka ukuba ubumba. Oko kudityaniswa ngokuthe nkqo kulawula umgangatho kunye neendleko. Awuthumeli inxalenye ebuthathaka ye-sintered kwenye ivenkile yomatshini, ubeka umngcipheko womonakalo.
Izinto eziphathekayo: Ayisiyonto nje engenaStainless
Izixhobo zencwadana ziyi-316L, 17-4PH, i-carbon steel plain. Kodwa izicelo ezinomdla zikwizinto ezingaqhelekanga. Senze umsebenzi nge-tungsten enzima alloys yokulinganisa iintsimbi kunye nezilingo ezithile nge-titanium. I-Ti MIM liphupha elibi lodwa-ukhala kwivacuum ephezulu, kwaye umgubo uyabiza kwaye uphathwa ngepyrophoric. Intlawulo intsonkothile, i-lightweight biomedical implants. Kodwa izinga lesivuno... ngumngeni lowo.
Oku kuhambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nepotfoliyo yezinto zengcali efana nale ikhankanywe ngaphambili. Amava abo nge-cobalt-based kunye ne-nickel-based alloys kwi-investment casting yi-asethi enkulu. Ezi ngxubevange zinee-sintering quirks zazo-i-liquid phase sintering, i-activated sintering-kunye nokwazi i-metallurgy yazo ngokubanzi ukusuka kwenye inkqubo kunika isiqalo. I inkqubo yokubumba inaliti yesinyithi kuba icandelo le-superalloy ayilolungiselelo nje lwemathiriyeli eyahlukileyo; yintanda-bulumko eyahluke ngokupheleleyo yoxinaniso kunye nophuhliso lwezakhiwo ezincinci.
Kananjalo awukwazi ukungazihoyi ialloys ezithambileyo, njengeFe-Si okanye iFe-Ni. I-Sintering ezi ukuze ufezekise zombini uxinano oluphezulu kunye neempawu ezichanekileyo zemagneti kukuhamba ngentambo. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu, ulahlekelwa ziipropati; uphantsi kakhulu, une-porosity. Zezi zicelo ze-niche apho i-MIM ibengezela ngokwenene, hayi ekwenzeni enye igiya yegeneric enokufakwa isitampu.
Xa iMIM ingeyiyo impendulo
Eli inokuba lelona candelo libalulekileyo. I-MIM iyamangalisa kwi-volume ephezulu, ijometri entsonkothileyo, iindawo zokunyamezelana okuphakathi. Kodwa ukuba inxalenye yakho ilula-i-spacer esisiseko, intonga ethe tye-hamba kunye ne-machining okanye isitampu. Ukuba ufuna ukomelela okuphezulu kakhulu okanye ukuqina kwempembelelo njengoko uphosa, jonga kwi-investment casting. Ukuba ufuna iprototype enye, ushicilelo lwesinyithi lwe-3D lunokuba ngcono, ngaphandle kwemiba yokugqitywa komphezulu.
I-crossover ene-investment casting inomdla kakhulu. Kwiindawo ezinkulu (zithi, ngaphezu kwe-100-150 grams) okanye iindawo ezingafuneki ngokupheleleyo kwi-porosity kwicandelo elibalulekileyo, ukuchithwa kotyalo-mali okwenziwe kakuhle kunokwethenjelwa ngakumbi kwaye kungabizi. Inkampani enikezela zombini, njenge-QSY, inokukunika ingcebiso engakhethi cala. Abazami ukunyanzela inkqubo; bangajonga ushicilelo lwakho kwaye bathi, Koluphawu lweseti kunye nevolumu, iMIM iyakugcinela i30% kwixabiso leyunithi, okanye Lo mngxuma wangaphakathi unzulu kakhulu, makhe sijonge ukubunjwa kweqokobhe endaweni yoko.
Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu. Umxhasi unyanzelise kwi-MIM kwisibiyeli esikhulu, esilula. Isixhobo sasisikhulu kwaye sibiza, ukugqwetheka kwe-sintering kwakuyidabi, kwaye inxalenye yeendleko yayiphezulu kunenye indlela eyenziwe. Bekufanele ukuba sityhale umva. Inkqubo sisixhobo, hayi inkolo. Ubuhle bayo bukwindawo yayo emnandi: ukuthabatha intaphane yezinto ezingoomatshini kwaye uzidibanise zibe yintsimbi enye, etshatyalalisiwe, esele ilungele ukusetyenziswa ephuma ezikweni ikhangeleka ngathi ikhulile, ingenziwe. Xa isebenza, bubunjineli obuqaqambileyo. Xa kunyanzeliswa, yingxaki nje ebiza imali eninzi.
