Xa usiva 'ityala lotyalo-mali loomatshini bobunjineli,' umfanekiso ongoko nangoko unokuba ngowokuqhelekileyo, iiblade zeinjini yeinjini ye-aerospace. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo, unxulumano oluphantse luhlaziyeke. Kodwa kwihlabathi elimdaka-phantsi kweminwe ye-earthmovers, abembi, kunye neebhokisi zegiya ezisindayo, isicelo si-grittier, ukunyamezela kuxoxisana ngokuhlukileyo, kwaye uxinzelelo lweendleko alupheli. Ayikokufikelela kwimfezeko yethiyori; imalunga nokuhambisa inxalenye esinda kumthwalo weetoni ezingama-20 emhadini wodaka kangangeeyure ezingama-10,000 ngaphandle kokusilela. Loo mahluko yinto yonke.
Umtsalane woBuntsokotho ongeyiyo
Abathengi bahlala beza ngokulungiswa kwijometri. Jonga kweli jelo langaphakathi, bathi, bekhomba imodeli yeCAD. Kwaye ewe, ukuphoswa kotyalo-mali kuyagqwesa apho. Kodwa kuqhagamshelo lwengalo ye-boom okanye i-hydraulic valve body, elona xabiso lokwenyani ayilokwenza into engenakwenzeka. Yimfezeko yezinto phantsi kwempembelelo kunye nokudinwa. Ndibone iipateni zewax ezintle ezintsonkothileyo ziguqulelwa kwi-castings engaphumelelanga kuvavanyo lwentsimi kuba ukhetho lwealloy luphathwe njengengcinga esemva. Inkqubo iqala ngezinto eziphathekayo, kungekhona ukubumba. Iinkampani ezifumana oku, njenge Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), yiba nexesha elide lokubonisa ngayo. Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu kule niche ithetha ukuba babonile ukuba yintoni i-alloys esebenza kuyo. Ukugxila kwabo kwi ialloys ezikhethekileyo-i-nickel-based for corrosion in slurry pumps, cobalt-based for wear faces in crusher parts-luphawu olubonisa amava asebenzayo, kungekhona nje ibhulethi yebhulethi.
Kukho ukungaqondi kakuhle okuthe gqolo ukuba ukwenziwa kotyalo-mali yinkqubo esele ilungile. Ayiyo. Ngokukodwa kwiindawo zoomatshini. Umphezulu we-as-cast unokuba ulungile, kodwa indawo yokukhwelana yesitywina soxinzelelo oluphezulu? Ungaze. Kulapho i-synergy kunye ne-CNC machining iba yinto engenakuxoxisana. Asenzi nje ukuphosa; Senza i-preform ekufutshane ne-net-shape kumatshini obalulekileyo. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yomphathi wezixhobo zeplanethi. Ukuphosa kufumene i-splines yangaphakathi kunye neepokotho zokonga ubunzima, kodwa ubuso be-flange bufuna ukunyamezela ukunyanzeliswa kwe-0.05mm. I-Foundry ephethe ubuchwephesha njengengxaki yomnye umntu ibangele iphupha elibi lemiba yolungelelwaniso. Ivenkile edibanisa isicwangciso somatshini kuyilo lokuqala lokusa, oluyindlela edityanisiweyo oyibona kwintsebenzo efana ne-QSY (indawo yabo ku. tsngtaocnc.com idibanisa ngokucacileyo ukuphosa kunye nomatshini), igcina iinyanga zentloko. Yingqondo eyahlukileyo.
Apho i-Shell Mold yenza khona ukuma kwayo (kwaye apho ingayiyo)
Oku kukhokelela kwingxoxo-mpikiswano engunaphakade kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngoomatshini abanzima: ukubunjwa kweqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali. Ayingoluhlu olulula lwemigangatho. Kwisibiyeli esikhulu, esilula ngokwentelekiso, esinodonga olungqindilili, ukungunda kweqokobhe kubukumkani—ukukhawuleza, kungabizi kakhulu. Kodwa ngalo mzuzu unee-cores zangaphakathi, iindonga ezicekethekileyo ezisecaleni kwamacandelo ashinyeneyo, okanye zifuna ubume obuphezulu be-metallurgical grain, utyalo-mali lutsalela phambili. Iqokobhe leceramic ngaphakathi utyalo mali ivumela iinkcukacha eziphucukileyo kunye nolawulo olungcono lokupholisa.
Umzekelo wekhonkrithi: nxiba iipleyiti zentloko ye-rock drill. Ukungunda kweShell kwakunokuwuvelisa, kodwa ukungaguquguquki kobulukhuni kunye nokubukhali kwemijelo eqinile yayisoloko ikukungcakaza. Ukutshintshela kwi-investment casting kula malungu abalulekileyo okuguga kusinike izinto ezinokuqikelelwa, zezinto ezifanayo. Ixabiso lenxalenye nganye yayiphezulu, kodwa ukuncitshiswa kokungaphumeleli kwentsimi kunye nexesha lokuphumla kumsebenzisi wokugqibela kudala ukugcinwa kwenetha. Nantso ke ubalo olubalulekileyo. Kumalunga nexabiso lilonke lobunini, hayi nje ixabiso leqhekeza. Apha kulapho amava omthengisi avavanywa khona—ngaba banokukukhokelela kwinkqubo eyiyo, nokuba ingeyiyo ebonakala inexabiso eliphantsi ekuqaleni?
UMtyholi kwiiNkcukacha: Ukugada, ukuncipha, kunye neNyaniso
Imizobo yokukhangela iincwadi zokufunda ayinamsebenzi. Kwipivot yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwi-excavator, awusondle nje isinyithi; uqondisa ukuqina ukwenza isandi sokuhamba okuziinkozo ecaleni kwendlela yomthwalo. Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kwibhetshi yezixhobo ezixhonyiweyo. Imifanekiso emihle, yadlula iX-reyi. Kodwa ekuvavanyeni ukukhathala, baqhekeka kwindawo ethile. Uhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli lwalatha kwiqela elincinci le-porosity ye-shrinkage apho uxinzelelo lwe-tensile luye lwanda khona. Indawo yokungena yayichanekile ngokobuchwephesha ukuze izaliswe, kodwa yayingalunganga kubomi bomatshini benxalenye. Kwafuneka sihlengahlengise inkqubo yembaleki kunye neyokunyuka, songeza iindleko kunye nobunzima kwiindawo ezingabalulekanga ukutsala ukuqina kwindawo ebalulekileyo. Isebenzile.
Lo ngundoqo womsebenzi ongenamdla. Yi-metallurgy, i-fluid dynamics, kunye nohlalutyo loxinzelelo zonke zidibana kwiqokobhe leceramic. Uluhlu lomthengisi intsimbi kwaye intsimbi engenasici yivenkile yorhwebo. Omnye othetha ngokulungisa ukunyibilika nokungunda preheat for duplex intsimbi stainless ukuthintela sigma ulwakhiwo isigaba sendawo esonakalisayo kwemigodi inxalenye-leyo iqabane. Intshayelelo emfutshane ye-QSY ikhankanya umsebenzi wabo kulo lonke uhlobo, ukusuka kumabanga aqhelekileyo ukuya kwamanye amazwe. Olo luhlu lucebisa ukuba basombulule ezi ngxaki, hayi nje ukugalela isinyithi.
Ukungaphumeleli njengoMsebenzi wokunyanzelisa
Awufundanga ngenene ukwenza utyalo-mali koomatshini de ube wongamele ukusilela. Eyona nto yayindifundisa yayiyisethi yezithinteli zempompo enzima. I-Inconel 625, iincakuba ezintsonkothileyo ngendlela emangalisayo. Bayiphumelele yonke iNDT. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu ebaleni, kwaphuka intlekele. Umoni? Izinto ezishiyekileyo zeqokobhe. Isiqwenga se-ceramic core, sivaleleke kwisicatshulwa sokupholisa sangaphakathi esicinga ukuba sicacile, sakha indawo eshushu kwaye satshintsha i-microstructure yendawo ngexesha lokusebenza. Yaba yindawo yokuphelisa iintanda. Ulungiso aluzange lube luhlolo ngakumbi; yayiyinkqubo enobundlobongela kwaye eqinisekisiweyo yokususwa kwengundoqo. Ngoku, xa ndivavanya umboneleli, ndibuza malunga neeprothokholi zabo ezingundoqo zokususa iipaseji ezingaboniyo. Impendulo indixelela ngaphezu kwaso nasiphi na isatifikethi somgangatho.
Ukumanyana kuphela kwendlela eya phambili
Xa ujonga imbonakalo yomhlaba ngoku, ikamva alikho kwizindlu ezizimeleyo. Oomatshini bobunjineli beOEMs bacudisa amaxesha okukhokela kwaye bafuna uxanduva olupheleleyo. Imodeli ephumelelayo kukudityaniswa ngokuthe nkqo: ukwenza ipateni, ukuphosa, unyango lobushushu, kunye nomatshini ochanekileyo phantsi kophahla olunye, okanye ubuncinci phantsi kolungelelwaniso oluqinileyo. Oku kulawula iinguqu. Xa umachini efumana ukutenxa okuncinci ekujuleni, banokukhawuleza baphendule kwinjineli ye-Foundry, kwaye ukugalela okulandelayo kuhlengahlengiswe. Ukwahlula le misebenzi yongeza iiveki kunye neengqimba ze-opacity.
Kungenxa yoko le nto imodeli yenkampani ithanda QSY iyavakala. Ubungcali babo obuchaziweyo kuzo zombini iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali, idityaniswe ne CNC Machining, ayiloluhlu lwenkonzo nje. Kukuqondwa ukuba inxalenye yimveliso yokugqibela, hayi ukuphosa. Amashumi amathathu eminyaka abo kusenokwenzeka ukuba athetha ukuba bavele bavela kwisiseko saba ngumboneleli wezisombululo, kuba intengiso ibanyanzele ukuba benze njalo. Awunakuphila ixesha elide usebenzela icandelo loomatshini bobunjineli ngokwenza nje iipateni ezintle zewax. Usinda ngokuqinisekisa ukuba indawo efakwa iibholiti kumatshini ayibuyi.
Ke, xa ukhangela, jonga ngaphaya kwegama elingundoqo. Khangela ubungqina bokusombulula iingxaki ezidibeneyo. Buza malunga nokuziphatha kwealloyi ethile kwisicelo esifanayo. Phanda ngebali malunga nokusilela kunye noko kufundiweyo. Ubungcali bokwenyani kwi ukuphosa utyalo-mali kumacandelo oomatshini bobunjineli ungcwatywe kwezo gritty, iinkcukacha ezisebenzayo, kude nezithembiso eziqaqambileyo zentengiso. Kubunzima benkampani eneminyaka engama-30 esaziqhelanisa, kunye nokuzithemba okuthe cwaka okuvela ekulungiseni oko kwaphukileyo.
