Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'iimveliso zokwenza utyalo-mali,' bafanekisela ezo blades zingenasiphako, ezikufutshane ne-net-shape turbine blades okanye ubucwebe obuntsonkothileyo. Leyo yiglosi yentengiso. Inyani kumgangatho wevenkile luthethathethwano olungagungqiyo phakathi kwejiyometri efanelekileyo kwimodeli yeCAD kunye nefiziksi enenkani yesinyithi esityhidiweyo kunye namaqokobhe eceramic. Eyona ngcamango iphosakeleyo? Ukuba yinkqubo 'echanekileyo' kwilebhu engenazintsholongwane. Kukuchaneka okuzalwe kwisiphithiphithi esilawulwayo, amava, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ezininzi ezingazange zilenze kwiphepha elikhethekileyo.
Undoqo weNkqubo: Yonke imalunga neShell
Wonke umntu ucinga ngenxalenye yokugqibela yentsimbi, kodwa umlingo wokwenyani-kunye nomthombo weentloko ezininzi-wenzeka kwigumbi leqokobhe. Umgangatho we utyalo mali itshixiwe ngexesha lediphu elandelelanayo kunye ne-stuccos. Ndibone iiprojekthi zisilela ngenxa yokuba indawo yombethe ayizange ilawulwe ngexesha lokumisa, okukhokelela kwiintanda ezincinci ezibonakala kuphela emva kokuthululwa. Ayikokulandela nje iresiphi; imalunga nokufunda igumbi, ngokoqobo. Ukufuma kwimini yemvula kunokukubuyisela umva iiyure ezingama-24.
Kwindawo efana I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), kunye namashumi eminyaka kumdlalo, esi sigaba sokwakha iqokobhe kulapho ulwazi lwabo lweziko luhlawula khona. Ayenzi nje amaqokobhe; bobunjineli indawo elawulwayo yokusilela-umngundo ekufuneka imelane ne-1500 ° C + kodwa ke yophuka ngokwaneleyo ukuze isuse indawo entsonkothileyo ngaphandle kokonakalisa iindonga ezibhityileyo. Kwii-alloys ezinobushushu obuphezulu njenge-nickel-based based are they list, ukwakheka kweqokobhe kulungiswe ukuxhathisa ukusabela kwesinyithi. Iqokobhe elisemgangathweni elijongene ne-superalloy liya kuhlala libangela ungcoliseko lomphezulu, i-gritty, umaleko odityanisiweyo oyinto eyothusayo ukucima umatshini kamva.
Sakha saba neevalvu zentsimbi engatyiwayo apho imisonto yayihlala iphuma igqwethekile. Umoni? Ukungahambelani kwe-thermal phakathi kwesiseko se-ceramic kunye neqokobhe. Undoqo wawunqanda intsimbi eqinisayo ngokwaneleyo nje ukuyikhupha ngaphandle kwe-spec. Ulungiso lwalungelotshintsho lweCAD; ibilungisa ubushushu bangaphambili bomngundo phambi kokugalela ukuguqula ukuthambeka kokuqina. Olo luhlobo lolwazi olucekeceke olwakhayo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30, uhlobo olwahlula ukubunjwa okusebenzayo koluphezulu lwemfezeko.
UKhetho Lwezinto eziphathekayo: Ngakumbi kuneMenyu yokuLahla nje
Abathengi bathumela i-spec yemathiriyeli-i-316 engenabala-kwaye bacinge ukuba yiloo nto. Kodwa inyibilika practice for iimveliso zotyalo-mali yahlukile ekubumbeni okanye kwisanti. Ujongene nokushisa okuncinci, rhoqo i-vacuum okanye i-argon atmosphere, kunye nokwakheka kweenkozo ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Kuluhlu lwe-QSY, ukusuka kwi-carbon steel ukuya kwi-cobalt-based alloy ayisiyonto nje yokutshintsha iingots. Ukutshintsha kwe-fluidity, ukucutheka kuyatshintsha kakhulu, kwaye iprotocol yonyango lobushushu emva kokuphosa iba yinto ebalulekileyo.
Ndikhumbula iprototype yesixhobo sotyando esenziwe ngemartensitic ethile engenabala. Imizobo yayifuna ubulukhuni obuthile. Sabetha inombolo yobunzima, kodwa iindawo zazinobunzima. Umba ibikukulandelela izinto ezivela kwimathiriyeli ebuyiselweyo (i-sprue ehlaziyiweyo kunye neembaleki) ezichaphazela inguqu. Kwafuneka siye kwi-100% ye-virgin melt, eyabetha ibhajethi kodwa yayisombulula ingxaki. Sisikhumbuzo sokuba izinto ezikwisatifikethi azisoloko zisisixhobo ekubumbeni; inkqubo ichaza iimpawu zokugqibela.
Kulapho indlu enenkonzo epheleleyo yongeza ixabiso. QSY's indibaniselwano ye utyalo mali kunye ne-in-house CNC machining kuthetha ukuba banokucebisa malunga noyilo lwe-tweaks yokwenza ukwenziwa. Mhlawumbi ukongeza uyilo oluncinci alunakwenzeka kumsebenzi wenxalenye, kodwa banokucebisa i-alloy eyahlukileyo exolela ngakumbi okanye unyango lobushushu olufezekisa amandla afunekayo ngaphandle kokwenza inxalenye engenakulinganiswa. Ngumzamo wobunjineli wentsebenziswano, hayi nje umyalelo wokuthenga.
I-Handoff yokuMachining: Apho ukuCasa kuhlangana neNyaniso
Lo ngumzuzu wenyaniso. Uvuthulula umthi, uqhumise iqokobhe, kwaye unqumle amasango. Ngoku unesiphoso esikrwada. I-CNC probe hit yokuqala ikuxelela yonke into malunga nolawulo lwenkqubo yakho. Inkqubo eqhutywa kakuhle ivelisa isibonelelo sempahla eqikelelwayo. Ndikhe ndabona iivenkile apho isebe lomatshini kunye nesiseko semfazwe-oomatshini bekhalazela iindawo eziqinileyo kunye neentsimbi eziguqukayo, isiseko sigxeka iindlela zezixhobo ezinobundlobongela.
Imisebenzi edibeneyo iyayinciphisa le nto. Xa ukuphosa kunye namaqela e-CNC aphantsi kophahla olunye, njengaku QSY, ingxelo ikhawuleza. Ukuba ipokotho iqinile ngokuqhubekayo, ipateni ye-wax inokulungiswa kwi-iteration elandelayo. Bayaqonda ukuba ukuphosa akugqitywa xa kugalelwa; igqitywe xa ingumatshini, icandelo elihloliwe. Kwiialloys zabo ezidwelisiweyo ezikhethekileyo, ezihlala zikhohlakele kwisixhobo, le synergy ibalulekile. Unokuyila i-casting enamacandelo atyebileyo kufutshane neendawo zokubambelela ukuze usinde kuxinzelelo lomatshini, into engenakucingwa yivenkile yomatshini womdlalo ococekileyo.
Iinkcukacha ezisebenzayo: ukusekwa kwedatum. Ulungile utyalo mali Inkqubo iya kubandakanya ukuyila iipateni zewax kunye namaqokobhe aneempawu zedatum ezinokucocwa engqondweni. Ezi zisenokuba ziiphedi ezincinci eziphoswe kumphezulu ongabalulekanga, zibonelela ngendawo ecocekileyo, ezinzileyo yokuseta okokuqala. Yinto encinci enciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bokulungiswa kunye nokuphucula ukuphindaphinda. Yile ngqondo yokuphela ukuya ekupheleni echaza umboneleli wokwenyani wobunjineli iimveliso zotyalo-mali, kungekhona nje i-caster caster.
Ukungaphumeleli njengeSixhobo sokuFunda (Uhlobo oluxabisa kakhulu)
Awufundanga ngenene utyalo mali ude ulahle iibhetshi ezimbalwa ezibizayo. Ekuqaleni kwexesha lam, sasinomyalelo weempompo zeempompo kwi-duplex engenasici. Amalungu adlula i-X-ray, uvavanyo loxinzelelo, yonke into. Basilela ebaleni emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka kuxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking. Oyena nobangela? Isisombululo esingaphelelanga sokufunxa emva kokusalwa. Siye salandela ixesha eliqhelekileyo / lobushushu, kodwa ukuhluka kobukhulu becandelo kolu yilo oluthile lwenza i-thermal mass eyathintela i-core ukuba ifikelele kwiqondo lokushisa elibalulekileyo. Ulungiso yayingumjikelo wesiko wokufunxa namaxesha okufunxa amade. Ushicilelo lomthengi alukhange lucacise oku; kwakuphezu kwethu ukwazi imida yenkqubo yethu.
Enye i-classic: i-micro-porosity kumacandelo anzima akufuphi neendonga ezincinci. Isoftware yokulinganisa ayinakuyenza iflegi, kodwa amava ayenzayo. Ngamanye amaxesha isisombululo asiyiyo intuitive, njengokusebenzisa i-chill kwi-mold ukunyanzela ukuqina kwesalathiso kude nendawo yengxaki, okanye ukuyila ngokutsha inkqubo yokungena ngokupheleleyo ukondla isinyithi ngempumelelo ngakumbi. Ezi ayizozisombululo zeencwadi; Ngamaqhinga owaphuhlisayo emva kokubona ikhulu leejiyometri ezahlukeneyo ziqina.
Elo lixabiso lepotfoliyo yenkampani ekudala ikho. Nini QSY Uthi bebekuyo iminyaka engama-30, oko kuthetha ukuba baye badibana-kwaye basonjululwa-ezi ndlela zokusilela kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo, intsimbi, kunye nezo ngxubevange zinenkohliso ezikhethekileyo. Ulwazi lwenkqubo yabo ngokusisiseko lithala leencwadi leengxaki ezidlulileyo kunye nezisombululo eziqinisekisiweyo, eyona asethi ixabisekileyo xa ungaphosi iibhloko ezilula.
Umlinganiselo wokwenyani: Ukungaguquguquki, hayi nje iSampuli yeGolide
Nabani na unokuvelisa iprototype enye egqibeleleyo ngexesha kunye nemali eyaneleyo. Umceli mngeni wemizi-mveliso uvelisa inombolo yeqashiso elingu-1001 eliye lafana ngokweenkcukacha-manani kwiqashiso elingunombolo 1. Kulapho uxwebhu lwenkqubo nolawulo lungena khona, kodwa nalapho ubugcisa budibana nenzululwazi. I-viscosity ye-slurry, i-angle ye-dip, i-airflow yokomisa-ezi zinokuthi zilungelelaniswe, kodwa zifuna abaqhubi abanobuchule ukuba babeke iliso kwaye balungelelanise.
Ngomthamo ophezulu iimveliso zotyalo-mali, oku kuhambelana yindawo yokuthengisa. Cinga ngezindlu ze-automotive turbocharger okanye i-fuel system components. Ubuchule be-Foundry bungqinwa yidatha yeCp/Cpk, amazinga ayo okupasa kokuqala. Incinci malunga nokwenza indawo enye emangalisayo kwaye ngaphezulu malunga nokwenza amawaka alishumi afane afane, angenaziphene. Oku kufuna ukuvuthwa okuhlala kuza kuphela kunye nesikali kunye nexesha lokusebenza.
Ukujonga umthengisi, ndihlala ndibuza malunga nenkqubo yabo yokuqinisekiswa kwenxalenye entsha. Ngaba baqhuba isifundo solawulo lwenkqubo yobalo (i-SPC) kwibhetshi yokuqala yemveliso? Baphatha njani ukunxitywa kwezixhobo ze-wax ekuhambeni kwexesha? Iimpendulo zikuxelela ukuba bacinga ngaphaya komyalelo wokuqala. Injongo yintsebenziswano apho baye baba lulwandiso lweqela lakho lobunjineli, balawule ngokuqhubekayo umjikelo wobomi utyalo mali izixhobo kunye nenkqubo. Kulapho usuka ekuthengeni icandelo ukuya ekuthengeni ikhonkco lokubonelela elithembekileyo, elenziwe ngobunjineli.
