Xa usiva 'isitofu sentsimbi sibumba intsimbi estainless', umfanekiso ongoko nangoko ukholisa ukuba yinxalenye yommangaliso egqibeleleyo, enokwakheka komnatha. Yiloo pitch yokuthengisa. Inyani, ngakumbi ngamabakala afana ne-316L okanye i-17-4 PH, luthethathethwano oluqhubekayo phakathi kwejometri, iipropathi, kunye neendleko. Abaninzi bacinga ukuba kukubumba nje inaliti yeplastiki ngomgubo wesinyithi-kulapho umbono wokuqala ongalunganga ulele khona. Amanqanaba e-debinding kunye ne-sintering kulapho inkqubo yokwenyani ihlala okanye ife, kwaye apho uninzi lokusilela, ukuba luzakwenzeka, lutyhileka ngokuzolileyo.
Umtsalane kunye neNyaniso ye-MIM ye-Stainless
Isibheno sicacile. Ufumana ukuvelisa izinto ezintsonkothileyo, ezincinci ukuya-ziphakathi ezinobungakanani obucacileyo kunye neepropathi ezifanelekileyo zoomatshini, zihlala zisusa umatshini wesibini. Cinga imihlathi yesixhobo sotyando, izixhobo zompu, okanye iziqhoboshi ezintsonkothileyo. Kodwa 'isidima' ligama elisebenzayo. Ayiyonto yenziweyo okanye yenziweyo. I-microstructure evela kwi-MIM yahluke ngokwendalo-i-homogeneous ngakumbi, kodwa inophawu olushiyekileyo lwe-porosity. Kwizicelo ezininzi, ifaneleke ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa awukwazi nje ukucacisa 'intsimbi engenasici' kumzobo kwaye ucinge ukuba i-MIM yindawo yokulahla. Ukukhethwa kwe-feedstock, ukuhanjiswa kobungakanani be-powder, kunye ne-sintering atmosphere (i-hydrogen, i-argon, i-vacuum) ichaza ngokuthe ngqo ukuxhathisa kokugqibela kunye namandla. Ndibone iiprojekthi zidodobala ngenxa yokuba i-spec ibiza i-ASTM F138 (i-implant-grade 316L) i-corrosion performance kodwa ivenkile yaqhuba umjikelo oqhelekileyo wokwenza umzi-mveliso, okhokelela kwimvula engamkelekanga ye-carbide kwimida yengqolowa.
Enye intloko ethile ene-stainless kwi-MIM kulawulo lwekhabhoni. Ngexesha lokubotshwa, ukuba umjikelo we-thermal awulawulwa ngobuchule, ikhabhoni inokushiyeka ngasemva, nto leyo kwintsimbi engatyiwayo inokukhokelela ekwakhekeni kwe-chromium carbide, ukuphanga i-matrix yechromium kwaye ibulale ukuxhathisa ukubola. Kukusilela okuthe cwaka-inxalenye ijongeka ilungile, idlulisa ujongo olusisiseko, kodwa iyasilela ebaleni. Ufuna umthengisi oqonda isinyithi, hayi nje ukubumba. Apha kulapho imvelaphi yotyalo-mali, njengale nto uyibonayo kwifemu efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), iba yinto efanelekileyo. Bahleli kwisinyithi esichanekileyo amashumi eminyaka. Ngelixa undoqo wabo unjalo iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali, ukuba ubunzulu kwi-metallurgical processing-ukwazi ukuba ubushushu buchaphazela njani intsimbi engenasici kwaye ialloys ezikhethekileyo-Sisakhono esisisiseko esiguqulela kakuhle ukongamela umgangatho kwiinkqubo zeMIM. Imalunga nokulawula ukuguqulwa kwesigaba.
Olunye uqwalaselo olusebenzayo: ukuqikelelwa komgangatho. I-Shrinkage ifakwe kuyo, kodwa ayisoloko isotropic. Uphawu olude, olubhityileyo lunokuncipha ngokwahlukileyo kunobumba obutyebileyo. Sakha senza umzobo womatshini wokutshixa-isixhobo esincinci esingenasici esinomngxuma ochanekileyo. Ukubunjwa kwakungenasiphako, kodwa emva kwe-sintering, umngxuma wawuyi-elliptical, ungekho ngeenxa zonke, ngenxa yobuninzi obungafaniyo kwindawo eluhlaza. Ukulungiswa kwakungekho kwiziko lokutshisa; yayibuyele kuyilo lokungunda kunye nesango, iqinisekisa ukuhamba okufanayo komgubo ngexesha lokutofa. Olu luhlobo lokuphindaphinda, ukusombulula ingxaki ngezandla ezahlula umthengisi wamalungu kwiqabane lemveliso.
ISintering: Inqanaba Lokwenza okanye Lokwaphulwa
Le yintliziyo yayo. Indawo ebunjiweyo 'emdaka' inobuthathaka, igcwele isibophelelo sepolymer. Ukubophelela kususa eso sibophelelo ngokucothayo, ngononophelo, ukunqanda indawo yokuwa okanye ukwenza iziphene. Emva koko i-sintering idibanisa amaqhekeza esinyithi. Kwi-stainless, i-atmosfera ibalulekile. Umoya ococekileyo we-hydrogen ungagqwesa ekunciphiseni iioksidi zomphezulu kunye nokufikelela kuxinaniso oluphezulu, kodwa yingozi yokusebenza kunye neendleko. I-vacuum sintering kunye noxinzelelo oluyinxenye ye-argon ixhaphake kakhulu. Iprofayili yeqondo lokushisa-amazinga e-ramp, iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu (kaninzi lingaphantsi komgca we-solidus), kwaye ubambe ixesha-ulawula ngokuthe ngqo ubuninzi bokugqibela.
Ujoliso kuxinaniso olusondeleyo lwethiyori (yithi, 96%+) luqhelekile, kodwa lurhwebo. Uxinaniso oluphezulu ludla ngokuthetha ukudubeka okungcono kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa, kodwa kunye nokushwabana okukhulu kunye nomngcipheko ongaphezulu wokujija okanye ukugqwetheka. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwinxalenye yolwakhiwo ngaphandle kokuvezwa kwamanzi, ukwamkela i-93-94% yoxinaniso sisigqibo esifanelekileyo seendleko / ukusebenza. Ndikhumbula isibiyeli esenziwe kwi-17-4 PH apho umthengi wagxininisa kubuninzi bobuninzi. Siyifezekisile, kodwa inxalenye yajija kancinci, ifuna umsebenzi wokwenza ingqekembe (ubungakanani) kwindawo yokufa emva kwe-sintering, eyongeze iindleko. Ngaba kwakuyimfuneko? Mhlawumbi akunjalo, kodwa iphepha elithile liyifunile. Iqaqambisa imfuneko yengxoxo kwangethuba phakathi koyilo kunye nemveliso.
Emva kokucoca, iinxalenye zihlala zifuna ukugqitywa. Ukukhubeka ukuze uhlawule, ukudubula ukukroba ukuze kuthomalaliswe uxinzelelo, okanye nokukhanya kwe-CNC machining kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo. Apha kulapho umniki-mpahla ngokudibeneyo CNC Machining amandla, njenge-QSY, anenzuzo. Banokuphatha lonke ikhonkco lexabiso-i-MIM, i-sintering, kunye nokuchaneka ngokuchaneka komgangatho wedatum okanye umsonto-phantsi kophahla olunye. Ilungelelanisa ulungiselelo kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iqinisekisa ukuphendula. Ukuba into eyenziwe ngoomatshini icinyiwe, awufumani mpikiswano phakathi kwendlu yeMIM kunye nevenkile yomatshini igxekana.
IiNuances zeMathiriyeli Ngaphaya kwe-316L
Ngelixa i-316L ilihashe lomsebenzi, amanye amabanga angenastainless kunye neealloys ziya zisetyenziswa. I-17-4 PH idumile ngenxa yokuba imvula inokuba nzima emva kokutshisa. Kodwa nantsi i-nuance: umjikelo we-sintering we-17-4 PH kufuneka ulungelelaniswe ukunqanda ukwenza i-delta ferrite, enokuphazamisana nempendulo yokuguga elandelayo kunye nobunzima bokugqibela. Awunakusebenzisa iprofayile yesithando somlilo njenge-316L.
Emva koko kukho izinto ezingaqhelekanga ngakumbi. Ndikhe ndabandakanyeka kwiiprojekthi ndisebenzisa iMIM ialloys esekwe cobalt (njenge-CoCrMo yokufakelwa kwamazinyo) kunye ialloys esekwe nickel. Ezi zirhamncwa ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Umgubo uyabiza, amaqondo obushushu e-sintering aphezulu, kwaye iifestile zenkqubo zincinci. Usulelo yinkxalabo enkulu. Awukwazi ukuqhuba i-nickel alloy emva kwebhetshi engenasici ngaphandle kokucocwa kwesithando somlilo kunye nokucoca. Le asiyonkqubo yevenkile yomsebenzi jikelele; ifuna imigca ezinikeleyo kunye neeprothokholi zolawulo lwenkqubo enzulu. Inkampani enembali kwi ialloys ezikhethekileyo, kwakhona njengoko kubonisiwe kumda we-QSY, kunokwenzeka ukuba babe noqeqesho olusisiseko lomsebenzi onjalo, nokuba bayawusebenzisa kubuchule bokubumba obahlukileyo njenge-MIM.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo nako kuhambelana nesondlo. Isibophelelo / umxube womgubo kufuneka ube ne-homogeneous. Isondlo esilambathayo singakhokelela 'ekudityanisweni kwe-binder' ngexesha lokutofa, okubangela iindawo ezinoxinano olwahlukeneyo lomgubo, ezithi emva koko zijike ngokulinganayo. Sisiphako esiphantse singenzeki ukusilungisa kamva. Ukufumana ukutya okungaguquguqukiyo, okukumgangatho ophezulu sisiqingatha sedabi.
Xa iMIM ingeyiyo impendulo
Kubalulekile ukwazi imida. I-MIM ayilungile kumalungu amakhulu kakhulu (ngokubanzi, cinga ngaphantsi kwe-250 grams ye-stainless). Ayilunganga kwiindawo ezinamacandelwana angqindilili ngokugqithisileyo, njengoko zinokubamba isibophelelo kunye ne-sinter kakubi embindini. Ayilunganga ukuba ufuna ezona propati ziphezulu zomatshini-kwibholithi ebalulekileyo ye-aerospace ephantsi kokucheba okuphezulu, uya kujonga kumatshini ukusuka kwisitokhwe sebha.
Ndiye ndakhokelela abathengi kwezinye iinkqubo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwinxalenye ephakathi, utyalo mali eneneni inoqoqosho ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwimithamo esezantsi okanye ukuba ubukhulu bodonga buyahluka ngokungaqhelekanga. Isixhobo sokubumba (i-wax molds) sinexabiso eliphantsi kunomngundo oqinileyo we-MIM wentsimbi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba inxalenye ilula kodwa incinci, ukuchaneka isitampu kunye nokubrawuza okanye ukuwelda kunokuphumelela. I-matrix yesigqibo ibandakanya umthamo, ijometri, i-specs yemathiriyeli, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Iqabane elifanelekileyo lemveliso kufuneka likwazi ukuba nengxoxo ngokufanelekileyo, hayi nje ukutyhala inkqubo yabo yokuqala. Inyani yokuba inkampani efana ne-QSY ibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi-ukuphosa, umatshini, kunye nokwandisa, mhlawumbi ukuqonda iinkqubo ezifana ne-MIM-icebisa ukuba banokubonelela ngolo hlobo lwendlela yokubonisana kunokuba i-pitch yobukhulu obunye ifanele-bonke.
Enye inzame engaphumeleliyo ethi qatha engqondweni yayingumthengi ofuna ityhubhu ecekeceke-ebiyelwe ngentsimbi enezakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo zangaphakathi-umgqatswa ogqibeleleyo weMIM ephepheni. Siye sayilinganisa, kodwa amalungu e-lattice ayelungile kangangokuba ngexesha lokuboleka, ayenokuhexa. Sitshintshe izakhiwo zenkxaso kwi-mold, i-regimen debinding rates, kodwa isivuno sasibi. Iprojekthi iye yabekelwa bucala. Yayiyijometri etyhala ngaphaya kwemida yangoku yethekhnoloji yeso sixhobo sithile. Kufuneka wazi ixesha lokuhamba.
Ukujonga kwi-Supply Chain
Okokugqibela, qwalasela umthombo. Umzi-mveliso we-MIM unabadlali abasusela kwii-automated eziphezulu, ii-giants ezidityanisiweyo ngokuthe nkqo ukuya kwiivenkile ezincinci ezikhethekileyo. Kwiprototyping kunye nemveliso yomthamo ophantsi, ivenkile encinci, enobuchule bobugcisa inokuphendula ngakumbi. Bahlala apho ufumana khona iingcali zenkqubo yokwenyani eziya kuthi zidibanise iprofayile yesithando somlilo ngesandla ngomsebenzi wakho.
Xa uvavanya iqabane, musa ukubuza nje incwadana yokukwazi. Buza inkqubo yabo yokusebenza eqhelekileyo ye-sintering 316L. Cela ukubona iingxelo zabo zokuxinana kunye neemicrographs zenxalenye efanayo. Buza ukuba bafaneleka njani ukufumana imfuyo entsha yokutya. Iimpendulo zabo ziya kukuxelela ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na iwebhusayithi. Inkampani ekudala ikho kwishishini lezahlulo zentsimbi, njengaleyo ikhankanywe ngaphambili kunye nayo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 ekusaleni nasekwenzeni, izisa inkcubeko yozinzo lwenkqubo kunye neenkqubo ezisemgangathweni ezixabiseke kakhulu, njengoko zinokusebenzisa ubugcisa obutsha obufana ne-MIM. Unokufumana okungakumbi malunga nesiseko sabo sesiseko kwindawo yabo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Ekugqibeleni, inaliti yentsimbi yokubumba intsimbi engatyiwayo sisixhobo esinamandla, kodwa sisixhobo nje esinye. Impumelelo yayo ixhomekeke ekuqondeni okunzulu, okusebenzayo kwalo lonke ikhonkco-ukusuka kumgubo ukuya kwindawo ene-sintered-kunye novavanyo olunyanisekileyo lokuba ingaba inxalenye ekumzobo iyilungele ngokwenene inkqubo. Akukho umlingo, uninzi lwesayensi elawulwayo kunye nentwana elungileyo eqokelelweyo, ngamanye amaxesha iphumelele, ubulumko bomgangatho wevenkile.
