DIY metal casting yinkqubo efikelelekayo yokunyibilika kwesinyithi njenge-aluminiyam, ubhedu, okanye ubhedu ukwenza iindawo eziqhelekileyo, ubugcisa, kunye nezixhobo ekhaya. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi sichaza inyathelo ngalinye labaqalayo, ukusuka ekukhetheni izixhobo ezikhuselekileyo kunye nokulungiselela imixokelelwane ukuya kugalela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kunye nokugqiba intsimbi yakho yokugqibela. Ngokulandela iiprothokholi zokhuseleko ezisemgangathweni kunye neendlela eziqinisekisiweyo, abantu abanomdla wokuzilibazisa banokufikelela kwiziphumo ezisemgangathweni ngaphandle kokufuna isiseko.
Yintoni i-DIY Metal Casting kwaye isebenza njani?
Embindini wayo, DIY metal casting kubandakanya isinyithi esinyibilikisayo size sisigalele kumngxuma ongaphakathi, owaziwa ngokuba ngundo, apho siphola size siqine sibe yimo ethile. Obu buchule bokuvelisa bakudala buguquke baba yinto yokuzonwabisa edumileyo yabenzi, amagcisa, kunye neenjineli ezifuna izinto zesiko ezingafumanekiyo ngaphandle kweshelufu.
Umgaqo osisiseko uxhomekeke kwinguqu yesigaba sesinyithi. Xa ifudunyezwa ngaphaya kwendawo yokunyibilika kwayo, i-athomu yesakhiwo iyakhululeka, ivumela ukuba izinto zihambe njengamanzi. Emva kokuba iqulethwe ngaphakathi kwesikhunta kwaye ivunyelwe ukupholisa, ii-athomu ziphinda zitshixe kwisakhiwo esiqinileyo, sigcina isithuba esibi sokubumba njengento efanelekileyo.
Iindlela ezixhaphakileyo zangoku ze hobbyists ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa iintsimbi ezisezantsi-ezinyibilikayo ezifana nealloys aluminiyam. Ezi mathiriyeli zininzi, zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, kwaye zifuna amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kakhulu kunentsimbi okanye intsimbi, zizenza zilungele ukusebenza emva kwendlu. Inkqubo ngokubanzi ibandakanya ukwenziwa kweepateni, ukwenziwa komngundo, ukunyibilika, ukugalelwa, kunye nokucoca emva kokuphosa.
Ukuqonda i-physics yokudluliselwa kobushushu kubalulekile. Umngundo kufuneka umelane nokothuka kwe-thermal ngaphandle kokuqhekeka ngelixa uvumela iigesi ukuba zibaleke. Ukungaphumeleli ukulawula ukubanjiswa kwerhasi kudla ngokukhokelela kwimibhobho erhabaxa okanye eneziphene. Ngoko ke, impumelelo DIY metal casting imalunga nokulawula umoya nobushushu njengoko imalunga nokuphatha intsimbi engamanzi.
IiProtokholi zoKhuseleko eziBalulekileyo zabaFundisi baseKhaya
Ukhuseleko sisiseko esingaxoxisiyo sayo nayiphi na iprojekthi yesinyithi. Isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sinika imingcipheko emandla, kuquka ukutsha, umlilo, kunye nomsi oyityhefu. Phambi kokuzama ukunyibilikisa igram enye yealuminiyam, oogqirha kufuneka baseke iperimeter engqongqo yokhuseleko kwaye bazixhobise ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela (PPE).
Ushishino jikelele lugunyazisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezithile ezenzelwe ukuxhathisa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Impahla esemgangathweni yomqhaphu ayanelanga; Amalaphu okwenziwa anokunyibilika esikhumbeni xa edibene neentlantsi. Endaweni yoko, iintsinga zendalo ezifana nedenim enzima okanye iifaskoti zesikhumba ziyafuneka ukubonelela ngomqobo ngokuchasene nobushushu obukhazimlayo kunye nokuchaphaza ngengozi.
- Ukhuseleko lwamehlo: Ngalo lonke ixesha unxibe iiglasi zokhuseleko ezinomthunzi okanye isikhuselo esigcwele ubuso esilinganiselwe ukuwelda ukukhusela kwimitha ye-UV kunye nobutyobo obubhabhayo.
- Ukhuseleko lwezandla kunye nonyawo: Iiglavu zesikhumba kunye neebhutsi zesikhumba ezivaliweyo ziyimfuneko. Ungaze unxibe iimbadada okanye iiteki zokwenziwa kufutshane neziko.
- Ukhuseleko lokuphefumla: Ukunyibilikisa iintsimbi ezithile okanye ukusebenzisa imijelo ethile kunokukhupha imisi eyingozi. Isixhobo sokuphefumla esineekhatriji ezifanelekileyo siyacetyiswa kwiindawo ezingaphakathi okanye ezingenamoya kakuhle.
- Ulawulo lokusingqongileyo: Qinisekisa ukuba indawo yokusebenza yomile. Amanzi adibana nesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo abangela ukwanda kwangoko komphunga, okukhokelela kuqhushumbo olunobundlobongela.
Ngaphaya koko, ukuba nesixhobo sokucima umlilo soDidi D kufutshane sisilumkiso esibalulekileyo. Izicimi-mlilo eziqhelekileyo ezisekelwe emanzini okanye i-CO2 zinokuwenza mandundu umlilo wesinyithi. Indawo yokusebenza kufuneka icace kwizinto ezinokutsha, kwaye “indawo ekhuselekileyo” ezinikeleyo yeesamente zokupholisa kufuneka isekwe kude netrafikhi yeenyawo.
Ukukhetha iiMetal eziLungileyo kwiiProjekthi zabaQalayo
Ukukhetha i-alloy efanelekileyo sisigqibo sokuqala sobugcisa kwi DIY metal casting. Ayizizo zonke iintsimbi ezilungele ukuseta kwabaqalayo ngenxa yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zokunyibilika kunye neempawu zokunyibilika. I-Aluminiyam iseyeyona nto ithandwayo kwi-novices ngenxa yobushushu obuphantsi bokunyibilika kunye nokufumaneka ngokubanzi.
Ialloyi zealuminiyam, ingakumbi ezo zithathwe kwiibhloko zenjini ezisetyenzisiweyo okanye iirimu zamavili, zinyibilika malunga ne-660°C (1220°F). Eli qondo lokushisa liyafezekiswa kunye nezixhobo ezilula zepropane. Ezi alloys zinika ibhalansi elungileyo yamandla kunye ne-castability, ezenza ukuba zisebenziseke kwiindawo ezisebenzayo kunye nezinto zokuhlobisa.
Ubhedu kunye nobhedu nazo lukhetho oluqhelekileyo kodwa lufuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, aqhele ukugqitha kuma-900°C (1650°F). Ngelixa zivelisa izinto ezintle ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa, zifuna ukugquma kwesithando somlilo kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko angqongqo. Ingxubevange yeZinc iyanyibilika nakubushushu obuphantsi kodwa inokukhupha imisi eyityhefu xa ishushu kakhulu, ifuna ujongo olululo lobushushu.
Kubalulekile ukuphepha isinyithi kunye neengqungquthela ezingaziwayo okanye iingubo. Ngokomzekelo, intsimbi enegalvanized, iqulethe i-zinc coatings ekhupha igesi ebulalayo ye-chlorine xa ishushu. Ncamathela kucoceko lwentsimbi engagqunywanga okanye uthenge iingots eziqinisekisiweyo kubaboneleli abahloniphekileyo ukuqinisekisa iipropati ezingaguqukiyo zeekhemikhali kunye nokhuseleko.
ISikhokelo seNyathelo ngeNyathelo kwiNkqubo yokuCasa isanti
Ukuphosa isanti yeyona ndlela ifikelelekayo ye DIY metal casting, enikezela ukuguquguquka kuyilo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zezixhobo. Eli candelo libonelela ngohambo oluneenkcukacha, olulandelelanayo ukukhokela abaqalayo ukusuka kwingcinga ukuya kwinxalenye egqityiweyo. Ukulandela la manyathelo ngononophelo kunciphisa umngcipheko weziphene kwaye kuqinisekisa igophe lokufunda eligudileyo.
Inyathelo 1: Ukudalwa kwepateni kunye noLungiselelo
Inkqubo iqala ngokudala ipateni, eyikopi yento yokugqibela oceba ukuyiphosa. Iipateni zingenziwa ngomthi, iplastiki, okanye izinto eziprintiweyo ze-3D. Ipateni kufuneka ibe nkulu kancinane kunenxalenye yokugqibela efunwayo ukuze ichaze ukushwabana kwesinyithi ngexesha lokupholisa.
Ukugqitywa komphezulu kubalulekile; ipateni egudileyo ivelisa ukubunjwa okugudileyo. Gcoba umgubo wokuqhawula okanye utshize kwipateni ukukhusela isanti ukuba inganamatheli. Eli nyathelo liqinisekisa ukuba iphethini inokususwa ngokucocekileyo kwi-mold ngaphandle kokulimaza iindonga zecavity. Iimilo ezintsonkothileyo zinokufuna iipateni zokwahlulwa ukuze kube lula ukususwa.
Inyathelo 2: Ukulungiselela i-Mold Flask kunye neSanti
Iflaski, ngokuqhelekileyo isakhelo esinamacandelo amabini esenziwe ngomthi okanye isinyithi, sibamba isanti ebumbayo. Beka i-drag (isiqingatha esisezantsi) kwibhodi ecaba kwaye ubeke iphethini ngaphakathi. Gcwalisa utsalo ngesanti eluhlaza eyenziwe ngokukodwa, umxube wesanti yesilika, udongwe kunye namanzi.
Pakisha isanti ngokuqinileyo malunga nepateni, uqinisekise ukuba akukho zipokotho zomoya eziseleyo. Isanti kufuneka iqine ngokwaneleyo ukuze ibambe ukumila kwayo kodwa ibe nemingxuma ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela iigesi ukuba ziphume. Xa sele upakishiwe, susa isanti engaphezulu ukwenza umphezulu osicaba. Phinda inkqubo kunye ne-cope (isiqingatha esiphezulu), ukufaka i-sprue kunye nezikhonkwane zokunyuka ukudala iziteshi zokuthulula kunye nokukhupha umoya.
Inyathelo lesi-3: INdibano yokuMbumba kunye neSistim yeGating
Yahlula ngononophelo i-cope kwi-drag. Susa ipateni ngokuyicofa ngobunono kwaye uyiphakamise ngqo, ushiye umgodi ochanekileyo. Hlola umngxuma wokungena kuwo nawuphi na isanti okanye umonakalo; ukulungisa iimpazamo ezincinci ngesixhobo esincinci.
Inkqubo yokungena, equka i-sprue (indebe yokuthulula), iimbaleki, kunye namasango, iqondisa isinyithi esityhidiweyo kumngxuma. Sika le mijelo ngononophelo esantini usebenzisa isisiki sesango okanye imela. Ukungena ngokufanelekileyo kunciphisa isiphithiphithi, esithintela ukuvalelwa komoya kunye ne-oxidation. Phinda udibanise i-flask, uqinisekise ukuba i-cope kunye ne-drag ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo usebenzisa izikhonkwane zokubhalisa.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Ukunyibilikisa isinyithi
Lungisa iziko lakho kunye ne-crucible. Beka iintsimbi ezicocekileyo, ezomileyo kwi-crucible kwaye uqale ukufudumeza. Lawula iqondo lobushushu ngokusondeleyo usebenzisa ipyrometer ukuba ikhona. Injongo kukufikelela kwimeko ye-liquid ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokushisa okuphezulu, okunokunciphisa iimpawu zetsimbi.
Njengoko isinyithi sinyibilika, inkunkuma (ukungcola okudada phezu komhlaba) kuya kubumba. Cima oku usebenzisa isixhobo sokuskimming esishushu ngaphambili. Ukongeza i-flux kunokunceda ukuqokelela ukungcola, okwenza kube lula ukususa. Isinyithi sikulungele ukugalelwa xa sibonakala sisilivere kwaye sihamba ngamanzi, sifana namanzi angqingqwa.
Inyathelo lesi-5: Ukugalela iNtsimbi etyhidiweyo
Lo ngowona mzuzu ubalulekileyo kwi DIY metal casting. Nxiba iPPE epheleleyo kwaye usondele kubumba ngokuzithemba. Bamba i-crucible ngokukhuselekileyo nge-tongs kwaye uthele isinyithi ngokuqhubekayo, umlambo oqhubekayo kwi-sprue.
Ungayeki ukugalela de intsimbi inyuke kwisinyusi, ebonisa ukuba umngxuma ugcwele. Ukuphazamisa ukuhamba kunokubangela ukuvalwa okubandayo, apho iileya zentsimbi zisilela ukudityaniswa. Gcina umgama okhuselekileyo xa ukugalela kugqityiwe kwaye uvumele ukuphosa kuphole ngokwemvelo. Musa ukucima ngamanzi, njengoko ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela ukuqhekeka okanye ukuqhuma kwe-steam.
Inyathelo 6: Shakeout kunye nokucoca
Nje ukuba ukuphosa kuphole kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, yahlula isikhunta sesanti ukubuyisela ukuphosa okukrwada. Le nkqubo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-shakeout, ibonisa indawo erhabaxa edityaniswe nenkqubo yokungena. Sebenzisa isando okanye itshizili ukususa ngocoselelo i-sprue, iimbaleki kunye nezikhuphukeli.
Coca umphezulu usebenzisa ibrashi yocingo, i-sandblasting, okanye ukugaya ukususa intsalela yesanti kunye neeoxides. Hlola indawo yeziphene ezifana ne-porosity okanye ukugcwaliswa okungaphelelanga. Ngokuziqhelanisa, imfuno ye-post-processing ebanzi iyancipha njengoko ukubumba kunye neendlela zokuthulula ziphucula.
Ukuthelekiswa kweendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuphosa kwii-Hobbyists
Ngelixa ukuphosa isanti yeyona ndawo yokungena uninzi, ezinye iindlela zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zeprojekthi. Ukuqonda ukurhweba phakathi kokuntsonkotha, iindleko, kunye nokugqiba komphezulu kunceda abenzi ukuba bakhethe ubuchule obufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo ezithile.
| Indlela | Ukuntsonkotha | Iindleko | Umphezulu Gqiba | Eyona Isicelo |
| Isanti yokuphosa | Phantsi | Phantsi | Erhabaxa/Phakathi | Amalungu amakhulu, iprototypes enye, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yobugcisa |
| Utyalo-mali lokuCasa | Phezulu | Phakathi | Smooth kakhulu | Ubucwebe obuntsonkothileyo, ubuncinci obuneenkcukacha, iijometri ezintsonkothileyo |
| Die Casting (umxhuzulane) | Phakathi | Phezulu (Izixhobo) | Mhle | Imveliso ephezulu yomthamo wamalungu amancinci afanayo |
| Igwebu elilahlekileyo | Phakathi | Phantsi | Phakathi/Kuhle | Izakhiwo zangaphakathi ezintsonkothileyo, akukho migca yokwahlula efunekayo |
Ukwenziwa kwesanti kuyagqwesa kwizinto ezininzi kunye neendleko zokuseta eziphantsi kodwa kushiya ukuthungwa okuziinkozo kwindawo yokugqibela. Utyalo-mali, oluhlala lusetyenziselwa ubucwebe, lunika iinkcukacha ezikhethekileyo kodwa lubandakanya inkqubo yokuphelisa umthwebeba. Ukuphosa amagwebu alahlekileyo kuphelisa imfuneko yemigca yokwahlula ngokufaka umphunga ipateni ye-foam ngqo esantini, ukwenza lula isigaba sokwenza ukubumba kwiimilo ezinzima.
Kubaqalayo abagxile kumacandelo omatshini asebenzayo, ukugalelwa kwesanti kubonelela ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana ithuba lokufunda kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo. Abo banomdla kubugcisa obucokisekileyo okanye ubucwebe banokuthi ekugqibeleni batshintshele kwi-investment casting bakuba befunde iziseko zokuziphatha kwentsimbi kunye nolawulo lobushushu.
Ukusuka kwi-Hobbyist Roots ukuya kwi-Industrial Precision
Ngelixa uvuyo lwe DIY metal casting Ilele ekudaleni iziqwenga ezizodwa ekhaya, abaninzi abanomdla ekugqibeleni badibana neeprojekthi ezifuna ukuchaneka komgangatho wamashishini, izixhobo ezihambele phambili, okanye imveliso ephezulu. Kulapho umsantsa phakathi kweziseko ezisemva kwendlu kunye nemveliso yobuchwephesha ibonakala khona. Kwizicelo ezifuna ukunyamezelana okungqongqo, ii-alloys ezingaqhelekanga, okanye ulawulo lomgangatho oluqinisekisiweyo, ukusebenzisana ne-Foundry enamava kudla ngokuba linyathelo elilandelayo eliyimfuneko.
Iinkampani ezifana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ngumzekelo wale nguqu kwezoshishino. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 yobuchwephesha kushishino lokusasa kunye noomatshini, i-QSY iye yalinganisa imithetho-siseko engundoqo ekuxoxwa ngayo kwesi sikhokelo ibe yinkqubo yokwenziwa kwendalo ephucukileyo. Ngokukhethekileyo ekubunjweni kokungunda kweqokobhe, ukuphosa iwax (utyalo-mali) elahlekileyo, kunye nomatshini we-CNC, basebenzisa indawo enkulu ye-50,000-square-metres exhotyiswe ngemigca yemveliso ezinikeleyo yokusasa, ukwenza oomatshini, ukuhlolwa komgangatho, kunye nokupakishwa.
Ngokungafaniyo nomthamo wezinto ezilinganiselweyo zoseto lwasekhaya, i-QSY isebenza ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo ezibandakanya intsimbi etyhidiweyo, intsimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi engenasici, kunye ne-alloys ekhethekileyo esebenza kakhulu efana ne-cobalt-based kunye ne-nickel-based superalloys. Imodeli yabo yenkonzo elungiselelweyo ixhasa amacandelo ahlukeneyo ukusuka koomatshini bezolimo kunye nemigodi ukuya kwizixhobo zonyango, ukulungiswa kokutya, kunye neekhemikhali zepetroli. Emva kokusebenzisana ngempumelelo nabathengi kumazwe angaphezu kwama-20, i-QSY ibonisa indlela ubugcisa bokuphosa, xa budityaniswe namashumi eminyaka ophuculo lobunjineli, bunokunikezela ngamacandelo abalulekileyo kumashishini ehlabathi.
Ukulungisa iingxaki zokuCasa eziqhelekileyo
Nabaseki abanamava badibana neziphene. Ukuchonga oyena nobangela kubalulekile ekuphuculeni iisasti zekamva. Imiba emininzi isuka kulungiselelo lokungunda olungafanelekanga, amaqondo obushushu okugalela angachanekanga, okanye uyilo olulambathayo lokungena.
I-Porosity ibonakala njengemingxuma emincinci okanye amaqamza ngaphakathi kwentsimbi. Oku kubangelwa rhoqo yigesi evalelekileyo okanye ukufuma kwesanti. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isanti ipholile ngokufanelekileyo kwaye umngundo womiswe kakuhle phambi kokugalelwa kungawunciphisa lo mba. Ukongeza, ukugalela ngokucothayo kunokubamba umoya kumgodi.
Izivalo ezibandayo kwenzeka xa imijelo emibini yesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo idibana kodwa isilele ukudityaniswa kuba iphole kakhulu. Oku kubonisa ukuba isinyithi sasigalelwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kakhulu okanye ukugalela kwaphazamiseka. Ukonyusa ubushushu obuthululwayo kunye nokugcina umjelo ozinzileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kusombulula oku.
Imisruns kwenzeka xa isinyithi siqina phambi kokuzalisa umngxuma wokungunda wonke. Oku kudla ngokuba ngenxa yamacandelo amancinci kuyilo olupholisa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukungonelanga kwentsimbi. Ukuyila iinxalenye ezinobunzima obufanayo bodonga kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba isixa esaneleyo sesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo silungiselelwe kunceda ukuthintela ukungahambi kakuhle.
Warpage kukugqwethwa kwendawo ngexesha lokupholisa. Amazinga okupholisa angalinganiyo abangela ukuba iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusasa zicuthe ngesantya esahlukileyo. Ukuguqula inkqubo yokungena ukukhuthaza ukupholisa okufanayo okanye ukongeza iimbambo kuyilo kunokunyusa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo kunye nokunciphisa ukulwa.
Ubuchwephesha obukwinqanaba eliphezulu: ukuFluxisa kunye nokucokiswa kweenkozo
Njengenkqubela phambili yezakhono, ii-hobbyists zinokuthatha iindlela eziphambili ze-metallurgical ukuphucula umgangatho wazo DIY metal casting. I-fluxing kunye nokucocwa kweenkozo ziindlela ezimbini eziphucula kakhulu iipropathi zoomatshini kunye nesibheno sobuhle be-aluminium cast.
I-Fluxing ibandakanya ukongeza iikhompawundi zeekhemikhali kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuze isabele ngobumdaka. Ezi mpendulo zidada izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezingezizo ezentsimbi kumphezulu, apho zinokukhutshelwa ngaphandle. Iifluxes eziqhelekileyo ze-aluminiyam ziquka iikloridi kunye neefluorides, nangona ezinye iindlela ezilungele i-eco-friendly zixhaphake kakhulu kwishishini.
Ukucoca okuziinkozo kuguqula i-microscopic yesakhiwo sentsimbi, iyenza ibe yomelele kwaye ingabikho lula ekuqhekekeni. Ukongeza ixabiso elincinci le-titanium okanye i-boron kwi-melt idala iindawo ze-nucleation ezikhuthaza ukubunjwa kweenkozo ezincinci, ezifanayo. Le nkqubo ifuna umlinganiselo ochanekileyo kunye nexesha kodwa ivelisa iinxalenye ezinamandla okuqina aphezulu.
Ukususwa kwegassing lelinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo kwiindawo ezinomgangatho ophezulu wentembeko. Ukubhubhuza iirhasi ezingasebenziyo ezifana ne-argon okanye i-nitrogen ngokunyibilika kunceda ukususa i-hydrogen enyibilikisiweyo, oyena nobangela we-porosity kwi-aluminiyam. Ngelixa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zifuneka kwi-professional degassing, ii-tablet degassers ezilula ziyafumaneka kwimisebenzi emincinci.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga ne-DIY Metal Casting
Abaqalayo bahlala benenkxalabo ethile malunga nezixhobo, iindleko, kunye nokuba nokwenzeka. Ukujongana nale mibuzo eqhelekileyo kucacisa iingcamango eziphosakeleyo kwaye kunika isikhokelo esinokuthathwa sokuqalisa isiseko sekhaya.
Yeyiphi eyona ndlela inexabiso eliphantsi yokuqalisa ukwenza intsimbi?
Eyona ndlela yokungena engabizi kakhulu yakha isithando somlilo esilula usebenzisa ibhakethi yensimbi, i-samente ye-refractory, kunye ne-propane torch. Ukufumana i-aluminiyam simahla kumaziko okurisayikilisha okanye iindawo ezindala zeemoto kunciphisa ngakumbi iindleko zemathiriyeli. Isanti eluhlaza inokuxutywa kwisanti yendawo yokudlala, i-litter yekati (i-bentonite clay), kunye namanzi.
Ngaba ndingaphosa intsimbi ekhaya?
Ngelixa kunokwenzeka ngokobuchwepheshe, ukuphosa intsimbi ngokuqhelekileyo akukhuthazwa ngabaqalayo. Intsimbi inyibilika malunga ne-1500 ° C (2730 ° F), ifuna imathiriyeli ekhethekileyo kunye nemithombo yepetroli ebukhali egqithisa isakhono sokuseta kweyadi yangasemva. I-aluminiyam kunye nobhedu zezona ndlela zikhuselekileyo kwaye zilawuleka ngakumbi.
Ndazi njani xa intsimbi ilungele ukugalelwa?
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zizibonakaliso eziphambili. I-aluminiyam ijika ukusuka kwingwevu engacacanga ukuya kulwelo oluqaqambileyo, olusilivere xa ilungile. Kufuneka uhambe kakuhle ngaphandle kobuvila. Ukusebenzisa i-probe yeqondo lokushisa yeyona ndlela ichanekileyo, ijolise malunga ne-700-750 ° C ye-aluminiyam ukuqinisekisa ukumanzi ngaphandle kwe-oxidation egqithisileyo.
Ngaba ushicilelo lwe-3D luyahambelana nokuphosa ngentsimbi?
Ewe, ushicilelo lwe-3D luhambelana kakhulu, ngakumbi ngePLA elahlekileyo okanye ubuchule bogwebu obulahlekileyo. Abashicileli banokwenza iipateni ezintsonkothileyo ezingenakwenzeka ukuba ziqingqwe ngesandla. Kwi-PLA elahlekileyo, ipateni eprintiweyo ifakwe kwisanti, kwaye ubushushu obuvela kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo bukhupha iplastiki, bushiye i-cavity ngasemva.
Yeyiphi imiqobo esemthethweni esebenzayo kwiziseko zamakhaya?
Imimiselo iyahluka ngendawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuphosa kwe-hobbyist encinci kuvunyelwe kwiindawo zokuhlala ukuba ingxolo, umsi, kunye neengozi zomlilo zilawulwa. Nangona kunjalo, imithetho yokucandwa kwendawo inokuthintela iziko langaphandle okanye ukugcinwa kweetanki zepropane. Ukujonga iikhowudi zikamasipala wendawo kunye nemigaqo yombutho wabaninimzi kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuseta.
Izicelo kunye namathuba okudala
Umda we DIY metal casting idlulela ngaphaya kobunzima bephepha obulula. Abavelisi basebenzisa obu buchule ukwenza iindawo ezitshintshileyo koomatshini bakudala, benze izinto zemoto zesiko, kwaye bavelise imizobo ekhethekileyo yobugcisa.
Kwiimeko zobunjineli, ii-hobbyists zihlala ziphosa izibiyeli, iigiya, kunye nezindlu ezingasafumanekiyo kurhwebo. Obu buchule bokubuyisela umva-injineli kunye nokuvelisa iinxalenye zixhasa ukubuyiselwa kweemoto zakudala kunye nezixhobo zamandulo, ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kwamakhonkco obonelelo aphelelwe lixesha kunye neemfuno zangoku.
Amagcisa asebenzisa indlela yokubonisa iifom ezintsonkothileyo kwizinto ezihlala ixesha elide. Ukusuka kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo engabonakaliyo ukuya kwimifanekiso ecacileyo, umgangatho obambekayo wentsimbi etyhidiweyo yongeza ubunzima kunye nokusisigxina kwimisebenzi yokuyila. Ukudityaniswa kokukhanya kwimigangatho eyenziweyo ephunyezwe ngokusasazwa kwesanti inika ubuhle obahlukileyo kwizinto eziprintiweyo okanye eziprintiweyo ze-3D.
Amaziko emfundo akwamkele ukuphoswa kwesinyithi ukufundisa imigaqo ye-thermodynamics, i-fluid dynamics, kunye nesayensi yezinto. Isebenza njengelebhu yezandla yokuqonda indlela izinto eziguquka ngayo zibe zizixhobo zokusebenza, ukukhuthaza ukuxabisa okunzulu kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa.
Isiphelo kunye namanyathelo alandelayo aBaseki abanomdla
DIY metal casting ludibaniso olunomvuzo lobugcisa, inzululwazi, kunye nobugcisa obuxhobisa abantu ukuba benze izinto zentsimbi ezomeleleyo, ezenzelwe bona ukusuka ekuqaleni. Ngokufunda iziseko zokhuseleko, ukulungiswa komngundo, kunye nolawulo lwe-thermal, abaqalayo banokuvula ilizwe lokudala kunye namathuba asebenzayo.
Esi sikhokelo siye sachaza iindlela ezibalulekileyo zempumelelo, sigxininisa ukuba umonde kunye nengqalelo kwiinkcukacha zibaluleke kakhulu njengesixhobo ngokwaso. Nokuba injongo kukubuyisela isithuthi sakudala, ukuvelisa ubucwebe obahlukileyo, okanye ukuqonda ngokulula i-alchemy yokuguqula ilitye libe yigolide elulwelo, uhambo luqala ngokugalelwa kanye.
Kwabo balungele ukuqala, inyathelo elilandelayo elicetyiswayo kukuqokelela izixhobo zokhuseleko ezisisiseko kunye nokwakha isithando somlilo esincinci. Qala ngeemilo zejometri ezilula ukwakha ukuzithemba ekuphatheni isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba uqhubele phambili kwiipateni ezinzima. Joyina uluntu olukwi-intanethi kunye neeforam ezinikezelwe kwisiseko seyadi yangasemva ukuze wabelane ngamava, ukusombulula iingxaki, kwaye uhlale uhlaziyiwe kubuchule obuvelayo.
Yamkela ubume obuphindaphindayo bobugcisa. Sonke isiphene sisifundo, kwaye bonke abaphosiweyo abaphumeleleyo bubungqina bophuhliso lwezakhono. Ngendlela efanelekileyo, DIY metal casting ayibiyiyo nje into yokuzonwabisa, kodwa amandla anamandla okubumba umhlaba wenyama okungqongileyo. Kwaye ezo projekthi zikhula ngaphandle kweworkshop yasekhaya, ukukhumbula imigangatho ebekwe ziinkokeli zoshishino ezifana ne-QSY kunokukhuthaza ukuzibophezela kumgangatho osuka kwindawo yokuqala yokuthululela kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso emikhulu.
