Xa uninzi lwabathengi okanye iinjineli ezithile besiva i-'OEM sand casting', bafanekisela inxalenye esisiseko, erhabaxa, enexabiso eliphantsi. Leyo yimbono yokuqala neyona inkulu. Ayikokwenza nje iikopi ezinexabiso eliphantsi; imalunga nokugqwesa isiseko, inkqubo eguquguqukayo ngokumangalisayo ukuhambisa izinto ezisebenzayo nezithembekileyo kumthamo. Obona buchule bukhoyo busekwazini ixesha lokuyisebenzisa, ukuyilwa kwayo, kunye nendlela yokulawula ukukhawulelana nemibandela edla ngokumangalisa abantu.
Ukungaqondwa Ukuguquguquka kweSanti
Makhe sicacise. Ukuguquguquka akukhona nje ubungakanani-nangona ewe, unokuphosa isibiyeli esincinci okanye ibhedi enkulu yomatshini. Imalunga nokuguquguquka kwezinto kunye notshintsho loyilo. Ndiye ndasebenza kwiiprojekthi apho umxhasi weza kuthi nge OEM isanti ukugalela uyilo lwentsimbi ye-ductile, kodwa emva kokuphonononga umthwalo kunye neepatheni zokugqoka, sicebise ukutshintshela kwintsimbi ephantsi. I-tooling-ipateni-yahlala ifana kakhulu, kodwa ukuguqulwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwinkqubo yesanti yanika inxalenye ye-40% yenkonzo yexesha elide. Elo lixabiso ongalifumaniyo ekuthengeni nje esona sicatshulwa sisezantsi.
Ipateni ngokwayo yingxoxo yonke. Iipateni zokhuni zeprototypes okanye ukubaleka okufutshane, urethane kumakhulu ambalwa amaqhekeza, kwaye ekugqibeleni iipateni zentsimbi zokuvelisa kumashumi amawaka. Inyathelo ngalinye lixabiso vs. isigqibo umthamo. Ndikhe ndabona iinkampani zitshisa imali ngokutsibela kwisixhobo se-aluminiyam kwi-odolo ye-500-piece, engaqondi ukuba ipateni yomthi ibiya kuzihlawulela kalishumi. Uyilo lwenkqubo yokugawula kubumba lwesanti lolunye ubugcisa obufihliweyo. Ukungangeni kakuhle kukhokelela ekushwabaneni, ekuvaleni okubandayo, kunye nokumoshakala kwesinyithi. Asiyonto ugqibelele ngayo kwincwadi yesifundo; isuka ekuboneni amakhulukhulu okubumba kugalelwa kwaye kunqunyulwa inkunkuma ukuze kubonwe ukuba kwenzeke ntoni na.
Kulapho amava e-Foundry exela khona. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye namashumi eminyaka ekubunjweni kwabo, bayayiqonda le nuance. Abayiyo nje a ukugalela isanti ivenkile; ukusebenza kwabo ixesha elide kuthetha ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba bakhe kwaye baphindaphinda amawaka eepateni. Olo lwazi lweziko malunga nendlela yokuqhelanisa inxalenye ekubumbeni, indawo yokubeka iziphakamisi, kunye nendlela yokulungelelanisa i-alloys eyahlukileyo yinto oyihlawulayo ngokwenene.
Apho Ingena khona (kwaye apho ingangeni khona)
Ngoko nini OEM isanti ukugalela umnxeba ochanekileyo? Kwiijiyometri ezintsonkothileyo, ezinomthamo omnye okanye ezisezantsi kwiintsimbi ezineferrous, isoloko ingoyiswa. Cinga amacandelo oomatshini anzima, izindlu zempompo, okanye imizimba yevalvu emikhulu. Ukugqitywa komphezulu kuya kuba rhabaxa kunokuphosa utyalo-mali, kwaye ukunyamezela kwe-dimensional kubanzi-ngokuqhelekileyo kujikeleze +/- 0.5mm kwi-100mm dimension, kuxhomekeke. Awunakulindela ukubamba ishumi lemilimitha. Ukuba ufuna oko, ujonge ezinye iinkonzo zabo ezifana CNC Machining njengomsebenzi wesibini, yiloo nto kanye umboneleli odibeneyo obonelela ngayo.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi ye-hydraulic manifold. Uyilo lokuqala lwaluyi-welded fabrication evela kwi-plate steel. Ixesha lokukhokela lalinde, ukugqwetheka kwe-welding kwakuyinto ebuhlungu, kwaye uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwaluvuza. Siyilwe ngokutsha njengenye ukugalela isanti kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo. Iipaseji ezidityanisiweyo zaye zakhutshelwa kubumba lwesanti, kususwa uninzi lwe-welds. Umphezulu we-as-cast ufuna ukucocwa, kodwa iindawo zokutywina zazenziwe ngomatshini kwi-CNC mill. Isiphumo yaba yeyona ndawo inamandla, ingqina ukuvuza kwexabiso leyunithi yomthamo ofunekayo. Isitshixo ibingakuboni ukuphosa isanti njengesisombululo sonke, kodwa njengeyona nkqubo isisiseko.
Ityala lokungaphumeleli? Ukuzama ukuyisebenzisela iijiyometri ezibhityileyo, ezintsonkothileyo ezinomthamo omkhulu. Sakhe sazama isihluzo sezindlu zentsimbi eneembambo ezininzi ezintle. Intlabathi ayizange ikwazi ukupakisha kakuhle kwimingxuma emxinwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuzalisekeni okungahambelaniyo kunye nokungunda okubuthathaka. Umlinganiselo wesivuno wawumbi kakhulu. Sitshintshele kwiqokobhe lokungunda kulo msebenzi-inkqubo i-QSY ikwadwelisa, eyinkqubo yesanti esulungekileyo kusetyenziswa isanti eqatywe intlaka ngeenkcukacha ezingcono. Ukwazi umda wenkqubo kugcinwe iprojekthi.
Ikhonkco elibalulekileyo: i-Foundry kunye noMatshini
Le yinxenye abaninzi abayijongiyo. Ekrwada ukugalela isanti phantse ayisoze ibe yinxalenye yokugqibela. Udinga umatshini wemingxuma yeebholiti, iindawo zokutywina, kunye nemilinganiselo ebalulekileyo. Ukuba umboneleli wakho wokusasa wahlukile kwivenkile yakho yomatshini, uzibizela ingxaki. Ibenchmarks zebenchmarks zitshintsha, izinto zongeza iindleko, kunye nokukhomba ngomnwe kuqala xa ukuphosa kungenakulinganiswa.
Umsebenzi odibeneyo utshintsha yonke into. Thatha umzekelo kwiprofayile ye-QSY: banikezela zombini ukuphosa kunye CNC Machining. Oku kuthetha ukuba iqela lomatshini lisebenza kunye ne-Foundry ukusuka kwinqanaba loyilo lwepateni. Banokucebisa ekongezeni isitokhwe somatshini kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo, ukunqanda izinto ezibalulekileyo kufutshane nemigca yokwahlulahlula, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphosa kunentembeko yesakhiwo ukumelana namandla okubamba ngexesha lokusila. Inxalenye yenzelwe kube kanye kulo lonke uhambo lokuvelisa.
Oku sakufunda kabuhlungu kwasekuqaleni. Kubonelelwe ngebhetshi yezindlu zegiya yentsimbi kwivenkile yoomatshini. Ivenkile yakhalazela ukunxitywa kwezixhobo kunye namabala aqinileyo. Kuyavela ukuba, izinga lokupholisa kubumba bethu besanti belingafanelanga, nto leyo ekhokelela kukwahluka okuncinci kwi-microstructure kumacandelo athile. Oomatshini babebetha iindawo ezinobulukhuni obuphezulu. Ukuba sasiphantsi kophahla olulodwa, impendulo yayiza kuba ngokukhawuleza-lungisa ukupholisa, mhlawumbi utshintshe umkhuba wokugonywa-kwaye isombululwe ngaphambi kokuba ibhetshi yonke igalelwe. Ngoku, sihlala sigxininisa ukubaluleka komboneleli olawula zombini iinkqubo.
Isixhobo singaphezulu kunePhepha eliKhethekileyo
Abathengi banikezela ngebakala lezinto ezibonakalayo njenge-ASTM A216 WCB kwaye bacinga ukuba umsebenzi ugqityiwe. Kwi ukugalela isanti, ibakala sisiqalo nje iresiphi. Isenzo sokunyibilika, ukunyangwa kwe-ladle, ubushushu bokuthululelwa kwi-santi mold-ezi zichaza iimpawu eziphathekayo. Ikhono le-Foundry kunye ne-alloys ezikhethekileyo, njenge-nickel-based okanye i-cobalt-based based on QSY ikhankanya, isalathisi esinamandla solawulo lwe-metallurgical. Ezi ngxubevange azixoleli; ubushushu obungalunganga okanye ungcoliseko kubumba lwesanti lungonakalisa ukunyibilika.
Umzekelo, ukugalela i-iron ephezulu yechromium yokumelana ne-abrasion. Ukuba ugalela kushushu kakhulu kwisingundo sesanti, unokugodola—ukwenza iikhabhinethi eziqinileyo, ezibhityileyo kanye kumphezulu, ezinokuphuma zisebenze. Ukuba ugalela upholile kakhulu, ufumana i-mistruns. Ifestile imxinwa. Kumalunga nokuziva kunye nedatha: ukubukela ukuhamba kwesinyithi, ukujonga ukufundwa kwe-thermocouple, kunye nokwazi iimpawu ze-thermal zesanti yakho. Oku akwenziwanga ngokuzenzekelayo; bubuchule bomsunguli.
Oku kunabela kunyango lobushushu lwasemva kokuphosa. A isanti Inxalenye ihlala iphuma noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kunye ne-microstructure engafanelekanga. Ukuqheleka, ukucima kunye nokuthoba-ezi zihlala ziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni. Umnikezeli wenkonzo epheleleyo uya kuba nale ndlu ngaphakathi okanye ilawulwa ngokuqinileyo. Awufuni ukuphoswa koxinzelelo-oluncitshisiweyo uhleli kwilori iiveki ezimbini ngaphambi komatshini, onokuthi uthathe uxinzelelo olutsha.
Inyani ye-OEM: Ukuhambelana kwiVolume
I-OEM ngaphakathi OEM isanti ukugalela kuthetha imveliso ephindaphindwayo. Le yeyona ndawo inzima. Ukwenza ukuphosa okulungileyo omnye kulula. Ukwenza i-10,000 ifane neyoku-1 ngumceli mngeni. Intlabathi iyancipha, iipatheni zokugqoka, kunye nezibane zesithando somlilo zitshintsha. Ulawulo lwenkqubo yinto yonke. Kuthetha ukuhlolwa okungqongqo kwenqaku lokuqala, hayi nje iindawo zokugqibela. Kuthetha ukuvavanywa okutshabalalisayo ngamaxesha-ukusika ukuphosa ukujonga isandi sangaphakathi kunye ne-microstructure-nangona ngexesha lomyalelo osebenzayo.
Isixokelelwano esisebenzayo esisisebenzisayo lulawulo lwenkqubo yamanani kwimilinganiselo ephambili ukusuka kwiindawo zokuphoswa, phambi komatshini. Ubona iintsingiselo. Ukuba indawo ekrwada iqala ukukhukuliseka, mhlawumbi iipleyiti zepateni zinxibe okanye umatshini wokubumba ufuna uhlengahlengiso. Ukuyibamba kwangoko kuthintela ibhetshi yenkunkuma. Kubudlelwane bokwenyani be-OEM, umthengisi kufuneka abe nale ngqondo. Ayikokuhlola ukulungisa iindawo ezimbi; imalunga nokulawula inkqubo ukuze iindawo ezimbi azenziwanga.
Ukujonga ukunikezelwa kwenkampani ixesha elide, njengembali ye-30 yeminyaka ephawulwe nge-QSY, ukuba ixesha elide lihlala lithetha ngokukwazi ukugcina olu hlobo lokungaguquguquki. Bazibonile iinkqubo zabo zesanti ziguquka, iteknoloji yokubumba iphucula, kwaye banedatha kumashumi eminyaka yokuthululwa. Kwi-OEM, loo datha yenkqubo yembali iyi-asethi efihliweyo xa ufanelekile inxalenye entsha. Banokuthi, Kwijiyometri efanayo kwi-4340 yentsimbi, nantsi into yokucutha esisifakileyo, kwaye nantsi indawo egqibeleleyo yomphezulu esiyifumeneyo. Oko kunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nexesha lophuhliso ngokukhawuleza.
Ekugqibeleni, uphumelele OEM isanti ukugalela ayiyonto yokuthenga. Yintsebenziswano yobuchwephesha kwindlela yokuvelisa eyomeleleyo, enoqoqosho. Ifuna umboneleli obona ngaphaya kokungunda kuyo yonke into kunye nomjikelo wobomi bomatshini. Xa icofa, ihambisa iindawo ezinzima, ezingabizi kakhulu, kwaye zithembeke ngokupheleleyo-kanye imfuno ye-OEM imalunga nayo.
