Xa umntu esithi iindawo ezichanekileyo, uninzi lucinga ngezinto ezingenasiphako, ezibengezelayo ngqo kumatshini we-CNC. Leyo yinguqulelo yencwadana ekhazimlayo. Inyani, le ophila kuyo kumgangatho wevenkile, imalunga nokulawula iimicrons phantsi kobushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nendalo yokungaxoleli yefiziksi. Ayikokubetha nje inani kumzobo; imalunga nokuqonda ukuba umzobo udla ngokuba sisiqalo sothethathethwano, hayi isiphelo. Ukuchaneka kokwenyani kulele ekucingeni ukuba inxalenye iya kuziphatha njani xa ingasekho kwitafile yegranite yeCMM, kodwa ibotshelelwe kwinkqubo, phantsi komthwalo, kwiqondo lobushushu. Kulapho amashumi eminyaka yokuphosa kunye noomatshini, njengale nto uyibonayo kwifemu enje Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), eneneni ibalulekile. Yinkumbulo yeziko yendlela i-nickel-based alloy warps ngexesha lokupholisa kwiqokobhe lokuphosa utyalo-mali, okanye indlela ibakala elithile lensimbi engenasici lisebenza ngayo lukhuni ngexesha lokusila, eyahlula inxalenye esebenzisekayo kumgqatswa womgqomo we-scrap.
Apho Ukuchaneka Kuhlala Khona
Makhe sicacise. Umxhasi uthumela imodeli ye-3D kumzimba wevalvu ye-hydraulic, ukunyamezela ± 0.02mm kwiibhore ezibalulekileyo. Ephepheni, ngoomatshini banamhlanje be-5-axis, oko kuyenzeka. Kodwa izinto eziphathekayo ziyi-iron ductile. Ukuba uyayibamba nje kwaye uhambe, imikhosi yokusika kunye noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ukusuka kwinkqubo yokuphosa iya kuhambisa inxalenye. Ungalinganisa ingqibelelo emva komatshini, kodwa ufumanise ukuba iphumile kwiiyure ezingama-24 kamva njengoko uxinezeleko luphumla. Ukuchaneka apha akukho kwindlela ecwangcisiweyo yomatshini, kodwa kuncedo loxinzelelo lwangaphambi komatshini, isicwangciso sokulungisa esinciphisa ukugqwetheka, kunye nolandelelwano lwemisebenzi. Kuya kufuneka uyikhuphe, uyiyeke ihlale, emva koko ugqibezele. Eli lixesha kwaye akukho mntu ufuna ukuva malunga noku, kodwa kuphela kwendlela. Ndibone iivenkile ezininzi zitsiba la manyathelo ukuhlangabezana nomhla wokugqibela, okhokelela kukusilela kwebala. Inxalenye yayichanekile kwilebhu, kodwa hayi kwihlabathi lokwenyani.
Kulapho iinkqubo ezidibeneyo zibonisa ixabiso labo. Inkampani ephethe zombini ukuphosa kunye nomatshini phantsi kophahla olunye, njenge-QSY kunye neminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwi-shell mold kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali oludityaniswe nomatshini we-CNC, inethuba lokulwa. Oomatshini bathetha neqela labasunguli. Bayayazi imiba ethile yokuncipha kwegobolondo labo lokubumba, iindawo eziqhelekileyo ze-porosity zoyilo olunikiweyo lokungena. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo ye-CNC inokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba i-chip yokuqala inqunywe-mhlawumbi yongeza i-0.05mm eyongezelelweyo yesitokhwe eludongeni oluhlala lutsala ngaphakathi. Kukuchaneka kwangaphambili. Ayikho kwifayile yeCAD; ikumanqaku onikezelo phakathi kwamasebe asebenze kunye iminyaka. Unokufumana indlela yabo eneenkcukacha kwi-portal yabo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, efundeka ngokunyanisekileyo ngakumbi njengencwadana yemigaqo kunendawo yokuthengisa, endiyixabisayo.
Ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo ngomnye uzwilakhe othe cwaka wokuchaneka. Wonke umntu ufuna i-stainless yokumelana nomhlwa, kodwa leliphi ibakala? I-304 liphupha elibi kumatshini wokunyamezela-ukunyamezela iintsini, ukuhamba. 316 ingcono kancinane kodwa isenzima. Uzinzo lokwenyani, unokufuna ukutyhala umxhasi ukuya kwinqanaba lokuqina kwemvula efana ne-17-4PH, kodwa ke ujongene nonyango lobushushu obugqwethekileyo emva komatshini. Okanye thatha i-alloys esekwe kwi-cobalt ukuze uxhathise kakhulu. Banzima ngenkohlakalo ukwenza umatshini. Ukufezekisa ukugqiba okuhle kunye nokubamba ukunyamezela kwinxalenye yeStellite ayithethi malunga nokuba nomatshini onqabileyo; imalunga nezicwangciso zendlela yesixhobo, uxinzelelo lokupholisa kufakelo, kunye nesantya sokusonta se-harmonics. Ufunda ezi zinto ngokonakalisa izinto ezininzi ezibizayo kuqala.
Umgibe wokulinganisa
Nanku umqobo weshishini oqhelekileyo: ukuthembela kakhulu kwingxelo yeCMM. Inxalenye iyahlola, zonke izibane eziluhlaza. Noko ke iyasilela ebandleni. Ngoba? I-CMM inokuba ilinganisa inqaku elinye kwibhore, kodwa imfuno esebenzayo lulungelelwaniso lwalo lonke ubude bayo ngokunxulumene nolunye uphawu. Okanye ukugqiba phezulu. Ukugqitywa kwe-0.8Ra kunokubizwa, kwaye uyibethe. Kodwa ukuba umgca wokugqibezela ujikeleza kumphezulu wokutywina odinga itywina le-radial, uya kuvuza. I-CMM ayiyibambi loo nto. Udinga igeyiji esebenzayo, okanye ngcono okwangoku, kufuneka uyivavanye kwisimo esilinganisa indibano yayo yokugqibela. Ukuchaneka kokwenyani kuqinisekiswa ngumsebenzi, hayi nje ngoluhlu olulungelelanisiweyo.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi ye-sensor yezindlu kwi-alloy esekwe nickel. Imilinganiselo yayigqibelele, kodwa inxalenye yayinengxolo yombane kwisixhobo sokugqibela. Umoni? I-burr engabonakaliyo kwintambo, eyenza i-antenna encinci. Umzobo awukhange uchaze imigangatho yokuhlawula umsonto wangaphakathi. Ukuhlolwa kwethu kuphosile kuba ibingekho kuluhlu lokukhangela. Ukuchaneka kwemilinganiselo emikhulu yayingabalulekanga; ukusilela bekukwinqaku elithathwa njengelingabalulekanga. Ngoku, ukuhamba kwethu kwangemva komatshini kubandakanya utshekisho oluthile lwemakroskopu yamandla aphantsi kwezo burrs kuyo nayiphi na indawo enomsebenzi we-elektroniki. Sisifundo esibhalwe kwi-RMA yamaphepha.
Kungenxa yoko le nto inyathelo lokugqibela lokugxeka iindawo ezichanekileyo amaxesha amaninzi ayingomatshini okanye imilinganiselo—kungumsebenzi wezandla. Umchwephesha onobuchule kunye nelitye, ukupholisa umgca obukhali kwikhefu elithile. Okanye ukusebenzisa isixhobo somoya esinencam yesiqhelo yokurhawuzela ukudibanisa umphezulu ngokulinganayo. Ayizenzekelanga, ayichanekanga lula, kodwa idla ngokuba ngumahluko phakathi kwenxalenye esebenzayo nengasebenziyo. Awuyi kukufumana oku kwiibhulethi ezininzi zentengiso, kodwa yinyani yemihla ngemihla emgangathweni.
Xa Ukulunga Kwanele Akukho
Uqoqosho lokuchaneka lukhohlakele. Ijika lexabiso alingqamene; i-exponential. Ukusuka ku-±0.1mm ukuya ku-±0.05mm kunokuphinda kabini ixesha lomatshini kwaye kufuna isixhobo esitsha. Ukuya ku ±0.02mm kunokuphinda kathathu kwaye kufuna ulawulo lwemozulu. Obona buchule bubaluleke kakhulu ubunjineli bokwenza izinto kukubuyela umva kwiinjineli zoyilo ukuze zithethelele konke ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo. Ngaba loo mngxunya wokucoca ufuna ngokwenene ukuba yi-H7? Okanye ngaba i-H8 iya kwanela? Ngokuqhelekileyo, umzobo yikopi-unamathisele kwiprojekthi yangaphambili, kunye nokunyamezela akukho mntu ubuze. Iqabane elisebenzisanayo alithi ewe kuyo yonke inkcazo; bayabuza ukuba kutheni? kwaye ucebise ukuba uqinise phi kwaye, ngokubaluleke ngakumbi, apho ukhulula khona ukuze ufezekise inxalenye ethembekileyo kwindleko ephilileyo. Le ngxoxo luphawu lomthengisi oqolileyo.
Ukujonga ipotifoliyo yokusebenza ixesha elide, njengaleyo unokuyibona kumava e-QSY anealloyi ezikhethekileyo kunye nokuphosa okuntsonkothileyo, unokuqikelela ukuba bebenazo ezi ncoko amawakawaka amaxesha. Xa ubusenza iinxalenye iminyaka engama-30, uye wabona uyilo olusebenzayo kunye nezinye ezingaphumelelanga. Loo datha yembali ixabiseke kakhulu. Ikuvumela ukuba uthi, Ngolu hlobo lomthwalo kule ngxubevange ye-cobalt, sincoma ukongeza i-radius ubuncinane ye-1.5mm apha, okanye sibeka umngcipheko wokudinwa kokuqalisa. Oko kukuchaneka okusetyenziswe kwinqanaba loyilo-lokwenza-ukwenziwa, olunempembelelo ngakumbi kunokuchaneka okusetyenziswa ngexesha lemveliso.
Ukusilela okundifundise oku kubandakanya utyalo-mali olucekeceke olubiyelweyo olungenasici kwisixhobo sonyango. Uyilo lwalunekona yangaphakathi entle, ebukhali. Siyivelise kanye ukuba iprintwe. Yaqhekeka ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo. Isisombululo ibingeyonkqubo yomatshini engcono; yayibuyela kumxhasi kwaye ingqina, kunye ne-FEA kunye nemizekelo edlulileyo, ukuba ikona idinga iradius. Siphinda siyiphose ngondondo olulungisiweyo. Inxalenye yaphumelela. Ukuchaneka kwenxalenye yokugqibela kwakuxhomekeke ekuchanekeni kothethwano lokuqala lobunjineli.
I-Inertia yezixhobo kunye neNkqubo
Ukuchaneka akukho malunga nenxalenye nje; imalunga nokuphindaphinda. I-Batch-to-batch consistency yi-grail engcwele, kwaye kunzima kakhulu. Kwiindawo eziphothiweyo, ukunxitywa kokungunda okanye ipateni yewax iyafa itshintsha imilinganiselo ngokufihlakeleyo phezu kwemitsi. Ngoomatshini, ukunxiba izixhobo kutshaba. Ungaqalisa ukubaleka kweenxalenye ezili-1000 nge-endmill entsha ebambe ± 0.01mm, kodwa ngenxalenye engama-300, uyakhukuliseka. Ngaba unayo inkqubo yokulinganisa ukubamba loo nto? Okanye inkqubo yokulawula isixhobo sobomi? Ngomthamo ophezulu iindawo ezichanekileyo, ulawulo lwenkqubo lubaluleke ngaphezu kobuchule bomatshini omnye.
Le yenye indawo apho ukuhlanganiswa ngokuthe nkqo kunceda. Ukuba inkampani enye ilawula ukwenza ipateni yokuphosa, ukubumba iqokobhe, unyango lobushushu, kunye ne-CNC machining, banokwakha iitshekhi ezifanayo kunye neelophu zempendulo kwinqanaba ngalinye. Utshintsho kwimilinganiselo ye-as-cast inokuphawulwa kwaye inkqubo ye-CNC ilungelelaniswe ngaphambi kokuba ibhetshi ibethe koomatshini. Yindlela yenkqubo yokuchaneka. Kwiwebhusayithi yabo, ugxininiso lwe-QSY ekulawuleni lonke ikhonkco ukusuka kwi-mold ukuya kwindawo egqityiweyo yomatshini ayikho nje indawo yokuthengisa; ligalelo elithe ngqo kuzinzo lwe-dimensional kuwo wonke amaqashiso emveliso.
Ke kukho into yomntu. Ezona nkqubo zingcono azinaxabiso xa zingalandelwa. Ingcali yoomatshini ethatha isigqibo sokukhwela ilitye ikhangeleka ilungile ngokwaneleyo ngaphandle kokujonga nge-micrometer inokulahla ibhetshi epheleleyo. Inkcubeko emgangathweni kufuneka ihloniphe iphepha lenkqubo. Oku kuvela kuqeqesho, kodwa nasekuqondeni ukuba kutheni. Xa abantu beqonda ukuba ukunyamezelana okumalunga ne-±0.03mm kwisitulo esithwalayo kuko okuthintela impompo ekubeni izingcangcazelise iye ekufeni ngonyaka, kunokwenzeka ukuba bakhathalele. Leyo yinxalenye engabonakaliyo yokwenziwa kwezinto ezichanekileyo ongenakukwazi ukuzithenga ngesixhobo esitsha somatshini.
Ukuyisonga: Ingqondo Esebenzayo
Ke, emva kwayo yonke le nto, ndithatha ntoni? Ukwenziwa kwamalungu achanekileyo luqeqesho olulawulwayo lokuthobelana. Imalunga nokuqonda nzulu unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto, inkqubo, injongo yoyilo, kunye neendleko. Imoshakele, iyaphindaphinda, kwaye izele ziinguqu ezifihlakeleyo. Ezona venkile zinomtsalane ayizizo zineerobhothi zamva nje, kodwa zezona zineencwadana zamanqaku—iirekhodi zokoqobo okanye ezifuziselayo zezinto ezisebenzayo nezingazange zibekho kumawaka emisebenzi edlulileyo.
Injongo asikokugqibelela kwindawo engenanto. Inikezela ngento enyamalalayo kwindibano yayo kwaye isebenze nje, kubomi bayo obucetyiweyo, ngaphandle kwengxabano. Oko kufuna ingqiqo yentsebenziswano ukusuka kumzobo wokuqala. Ifuna ababoneleli abazisa ubunyani bemveliso kwitafile yoyilo, kunye nabayili abamamelayo. Xa ufumanisa oko kusebenzisana, kulapho ufikelela khona ukuchaneka kokwenyani-uhlobo olubambelela kwisiza sokwakha esinothuli, kwigumbi lokusebenza elingenazintsholongwane, okanye kubunzulu be-injini esebenzayo, kungekuphela nje kwilebhu ye-metrology ene-air-conditioning.
Ekugqibeleni, kuhla kumava. Akukho nto inokuthatha indawo yokuba wenze inxalenye efanayo ngaphambili, kwisixhobo esifanayo, kunye nokukhumbula indlela imingeni eyasonjululwa ngayo. Olo lwazi luqokelelweyo, uhlobo olwakhiwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 yokujongana nayo yonke into ukusuka kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuya kwi-cobalt alloys, sesona sixhobo sokwenza iinxalenye ezichanekileyo.
