Xa uninzi lweenjineli lusiva 'umatshini weprototype ochanekileyo', ngoko nangoko bacinga ngonyamezelo lwenqanaba lemicron kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu okungenasiphako. Leyo yinxalenye yayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa ukuba ubukwivenkile ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo, uyazi ukuba owona mceli mngeni ayikokubetha nje inani kushicilelo. Imalunga nokwenza inxalenye esebenza ngokwenene kwihlabathi lokwenyani, rhoqo ngemathiriyeli elwa nawe onke amanyathelo endlela. Ndibone iiprototypes ezininzi ezintle, ezinomgangatho ogqibeleleyo zingaphumeleli kuvavanyo kuba inkqubo igxile kuhlobo olungalunganga lokuchaneka. Ukuchaneka okuyinyani kukucinga, kungekhona nje ukusika.
Izinto eziphathekayo nguMqobo wokuQala
Unokuba nowona matshini ugqwesileyo we-5-axis emhlabeni, kodwa ukuba awubuqondi ubuntu bezinto eziphathekayo, ukrwada kwasekuqaleni. Apha kulapho imvelaphi yokusa, njengale nto siyakhe kumashumi eminyaka kuyo Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), iba luncedo kakhulu. Asazi nje iibhloko zoomatshini zesitokhwe; sihlala siqala ngokwethu iicastings. Ke xa umxhasi esiza noyilo lwecandelo lobushushu obuphezulu be-aerospace kwi-Inconel 718, asisacingi nje malunga nokutya kunye nezantya. Sicinga ngoxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olusuka kwinkqubo yotyalo-mali, inokuthi ijike njani xa siyicinezela, kunye nendawo yokushiya isitokhwe esongezelelweyo. Olo lwazi lokuqala lwemathiriyeli luhlobo lokuchaneka uninzi lweevenkile ezisulungekileyo zoomatshini.
Ndikhumbula iprototype yecandelo le turbine yokutywinwa. Ushicilelo lubize ukucaca okuphambeneyo kwiflange encinci, ebanzi. Umzamo wokuqala, usebenzisa i-vise eqhelekileyo kunye ne-textbook machining sequence ukusuka kwibhloko ye-alloy esekelwe kwi-nickel, ibangele inxalenye enhle, ecacileyo. Oko kukuthi, ide iphumle kumatshini kwaye ijike njengetshiphu yezambane. Sizuze ukuchaneka komatshini kodwa asiphumelelanga ukuchaneka kweprototype. Inxalenye yayingenamsebenzi.
Ukulungiswa yayingengomatshini wofekethiso. Bekubuyela kumthombo. Siye sasebenzisana neqela lethu elethu iqokobhe lokubumba ukubumba ukuyila ukubunjwa kwangaphambili koomatshini kunye neembambo zenkxaso ezidibeneyo kwiindawo ezingabalulekanga. Ezi mbambo zizinzile inxalenye ngexesha lomatshini kwaye zaye ze-EDM'd off njengenyathelo lokugqibela. Inxalenye yokugqibela yayibambe imilo yayo. Oko kudityanisiwe ngokuchanekileyo prototype machining—ukuqwalasela lonke uhambo ukusuka kwisinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo ukuya kwinxalenye egqityiweyo.
Xa Okuhle Kwanele Lutshaba
Iiprototypes zezokufunda, ngoko kukho isilingo sokusika iikona. Yimodeli nje yokujonga kufanelekile, bathi. Kodwa ngokokubona kwam, yonke iprototype kufuneka yenziwe ngoomatshini ngenjongo yokuba ibe yinxalenye yemveliso. Ngoba? Kuba ukusilela okufumanayo kwinqanaba leprototype zezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zedatha oza kuzifumana. Iprototype ethambileyo inokulingana, ifihle isiphene soyilo esiba sisikhumbuzo sesigidi seedola kamva.
Sasinomthengi wesixhobo sonyango kanye-isixhobo sotyando. Iprototype yokuqala yezindlu eziphambili zenziwe ngoomatshini ukusuka kwi-316 engenasici. Idityaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo, kwaye umatshini wasebenza. Kodwa ngexesha lovavanyo olusebenzayo, i-anodized aluminium actuating lever yavelisa umdlalo omncinci emva kwamakhulu ambalwa emijikelo. Ingxaki yayingebobuchwephesha besixhobo; yayibubulukhuni kunye neempawu zokunxiba zemathiriyeli yeprototype ngokuchasene nemathiriyeli yemveliso ecwangcisiweyo. Sasisebenzisa isitokhwe esilula ukuya kumatshini ngesantya. Umzobo owaneleyo owaneleyo uphantse waqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwemathiriyeli eneziphene.
Sinyanzelise ekwenzeni i-iteration elandelayo kwi-cobalt-chrome alloy yokwenyani echazwe kwimveliso. Yayisisihogo kwizixhobo zokusebenza, ixabisa ngokuphindwe kathathu, kwaye yathatha ixesha elide. Kodwa iveze umba obuhlungu phakathi kwamacandelo amabini aphantsi komthwalo, inyanzelisa utshintsho loyilo kujongano. Oko kukuchaneka ekwenzeni izigqibo: ukwazi ukuba ukuthembeka kweprototype kufuneka kwandiswe nini kunyani, hayi nje ijometri.
Izixhobo ezikwiShedi: Ngakumbi kune-CNC nje
Wonke umntu uthetha malunga CNC machining for prototypes, kwaye yeyona workhorse. Kodwa amandla okwenyaniso avela ekubeni nesekondari efanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zenkxaso phantsi kophahla olulodwa. Nge QSY, ngenxa yokuba sivela kwimvelaphi esisiseko, asikuboni ukusetyenzwa njengenkonzo ekwanti. Sisixhobo esinye kwibhokisi.
Umzekelo, i-impeller prototype entsonkothileyo inokuba ngcono njenge-hybrid. Sinokuvelisa undoqo wejiyometri njengotyalo-mali olufakwa kwi-duplex steel stainless, ukufikelela kwiipaseji zangaphakathi ezingenakwenzeka okanye zibiza kakhulu kumatshini. Emva koko, siyizisa kwisebe le-CNC ukwenzela ukuchaneka komatshini wobuso obunyukayo, ibhore, kunye neengcebiso ze-blade. Le ndlela ye-hybrid ifumana iprototype esebenzayo, emele kwizandla zomthengi ngokukhawuleza kwaye rhoqo ngexabiso eliphantsi kunokuzama ukukhupha i-billet eqinileyo. Ukuchaneka kukukhetha inkqubo yetsheyini yenkqubo.
Kulapho ubona khona umahluko phakathi kwevenkile yomsebenzi kunye nomboneleli wesisombululo. Ivenkile yomsebenzi icaphula umbhalo. Sijonga okushicilelweyo size sibuze, Yenzelwe ntoni le nto? Yintoni efunekayo ukuze imelane? Emva koko sinokucebisa, Umzimba ophambili unokuba liqokobhe elichanekileyo lokubumba ukugcina ixesha kunye nemathiriyeli, kwaye siya kugqiba ujongano olubalulekileyo kwi-CNC. Olo thethwano, luzelwe ukusukela kwiminyaka engama-30 yokwenza zombini iinxalenye zesamente kunye noomatshini, ngumaleko obalulekileyo wenkonzo.
I-Loop yoNxibelelwano luNyamezelo oluBalulekileyo
Nantsi imfihlo encinci emdaka: owona mthombo mkhulu wempazamo ngokuchanekileyo prototype machining ayikokuchaneka kwesixhobo somatshini; lunxibelelwano. Umzobo ngumzekelo womzekelo wenjongo. Izikhewu ekuqondeni zizaliswe yingcinga, kwaye kulapho iiprototypes zingahambi kakuhle.
Ngoku sinyanzelisa umnxeba wokukhaba kuyo nayiphi na iprototype entsonkothileyo, nokuba ilibazisa i-PO ngosuku. Sibuza ukuba kutheni malunga neempawu ezithile. Ngaba loo radiyasi yeyobuhle kuphela, okanye kukuhamba koxinzelelo? Ngaba lo mphezulu bubuso obutywiniweyo okanye sisigqubuthelo nje? Impendulo iyatshintsha indlela esiyijonga ngayo-iqhinga lesixhobo, ukukhetha umsiki, kunye nolandelelwano lwemisebenzi.
Oku ndakufunda kabuhlungu kwasekuqaleni. Umxhasi wathumela imodeli yendlu yoluvo kunye nomngxuma onzulu, omncinci ongaboniyo. Siyisebenze ngokugqibeleleyo ukucacisa. Bavutha ngumsindo. Ngoba? Ngenxa yokuba basilela ukunxibelelana ukuba umngxuma wawungowomgca wefiber optic oncamatheleyo, kwaye umphezulu ogqityiweyo ukusuka kumsebenzi wethu wokomba wawungekho rhabaxa ngokwaneleyo ukuba incamatheliswa idibane ngokufanelekileyo. Kwafuneka sibuyele emva kwaye siwuqhawule ngesandla umngxuma. Incoko yemizuzu emihlanu ibinokonga iveki. Ngoku, loo ncoko iyinxalenye eqhelekileyo yenkqubo yethu. Ukuchaneka kwenxalenye yokugqibela ihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokuchaneka kwengxoxo yokuqala.
Ukukhangela Phambili: Ukuchaneka njengeFilosofi
Khona oku kusishiya phi? Emva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu ekusaseni nasematshinini, ndiyabona ngokuchanekileyo prototype machining iyavela. Kuncinci malunga nokusukela ishumi le-micron kwingxelo ye-CMM kunye nokunye malunga nokuthembeka okupheleleyo. Ngaba iprototype iziphatha ngendlela eza kwenza inxalenye yemveliso? Ngumbuzo lowo.
Kuthetha ukuba ngamanye amaxesha ukhetha ukunyamezela okuncinci komgangatho wokunyamezela ukugcina ipropathi yezinto eziphathekayo, okanye ukuchitha ixesha elongezelelweyo kwizinto ezingabalulekanga kuba ikwazisa ngesigqibo senkqubo yokuvelisa. Imalunga nokuxhamla kwisakhono esipheleleyo, njengale nto sakhe kuyo QSY, apho ulwazi oluvela kwiziko lukwazisa i-vise yomatshini, kunye nengxelo evela kwiziko lokucoca ikwazisa i-casting mold design.
Isiphelo asiyiyo inxalenye nje emenyezelayo ebhokisini. Liqhekeza ledatha eliqinisekisiweyo. Iprototype eyimpumelelo, eyenziwe ngoomatshini ngale ngcaciso ibanzi yokuchaneka, ayibonisi nje ukuba uyilo luyasebenza. Ibeka emngciphekweni yonke indlela eya kwimveliso. Ikuxelela apho iindleko zokwenyani ziya kuba khona, apho imingeni yezinto eziphathekayo ilele, kunye nendlela ukuyila kufuneka ukugoba ngayo ukuhlangabezana nenyaniso yokuvelisa. Elona xabiso lokwenyani. Kwaye ukuphumeza oko kufuna okungaphezulu kunevenkile yoomatshini elungileyo; ifuna iqabane elicinga ngayo yonke imijikelo yobomi benxalenye, ukusuka kwizinto ezikrwada ukuya kusetyenziso lokugqibela. Lolo luhlobo lokuchaneka olubalulekileyo.
