Xa usiva 'intsimbi yokujulwa kwesanti,' umfanekiso ongoko nangoko udla ngokuba rhabaxa, unzima, kwaye ukrwada. Leyo yimbono yokuqala ephosakeleyo. Asikokulahla nje isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwibhokisi yesanti. Inyani yinkqubo eguquguqukayo apho ukhetho lwesanti, isibophelelo, kunye noyilo lwesango luyalela ukuba uyayifumana na indawo esebenzayo okanye imfumba yenkunkuma. Uninzi lucinga ukuba lukhetho 'lungabizi kakhulu kwaye lumdaka', kodwa kwizicelo ezinje ngeziseko zoomatshini abanzima, imizimba yevalvu emikhulu, okanye izifakelo ezithile zaselwandle, isoloko ikuphela kwendlela esebenzisekayo ngokobugcisa kunye nezoqoqosho kwimveliso yomthamo osezantsi ukuya-phakathi. Iqhinga asikokwenza nje ukuphosa; yenza enye icuthe umatshini olandelayo kwaye ihlale kwinkonzo.
Undoqo weNkqubo: Isanti ayikho nje isanti
Makhe sifumane igranular. 'Intlabathi' ekubunjweni kwesanti yentsimbi ayifane ibe sisilica ukusuka elunxwemeni. Kwintsimbi, egalela kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu kunentsimbi okanye i-aluminium, udinga ingqibelelo ephikisayo. Sihlala sisebenzisa isanti yechromite okanye isanti ye-zircon kwimigangatho ebalulekileyo okanye amacandelo anzima ukukhusela ukutshisa kunye neziphene zokungena. Ibiza kakhulu, kodwa ixabiso lesiphene esifuna iiyure zokusila okanye ezikhokelela kwindlela evuzayo kwindawo egcina uxinzelelo liphezulu kakhulu. Ndizibonile iiprojekthi zisilela kuba zazama ukonga i-0.50 yeedola ngekhilo nganye esantini, kuphela ukuchitha izihlandlo ezilishumi ukuba ziphinde zisebenze.
Inkqubo yokubopha yenye indawo yedabi. I-Furan resin, i-phenolic urethane, i-sodium silicate kunye ne-CO2 - nganye ine-trade-off yayo phakathi kwamandla, ukubola (okubalulekileyo ukuphepha ukukrazula okushushu kwintsimbi), kunye neenkxalabo zokusingqongileyo / ukuvumba. Nge-furan, ukuba umxholo we-nitrogen awulawulwanga kwibakala lentsimbi oyithululayo, unokufumana i-porosity yerhasi embi ngaphantsi kwesikhumba, ebonakala kuphela emva komatshini. Ufunde ukuba indlela enzima kwibhetshi yezindlu zempompo kwiminyaka eyadlulayo.
Ukwenza ipateni kulapho ithiyori idibana khona nepraktikhali. Ngentsimbi, isibonelelo sokunciphisa sijikeleze i-2% - ngaphezu kwentsimbi. Kodwa ayifani. Ijiyometri ende, enyanzelweyo inokucutheka kancinci, ngelixa icandelo lasimahla letyhubhu litsala ngaphezulu. Uhlawula ngamava, ngamanye amaxesha wongeza 'iirula ezicuthekayo' kwiipateni. Kwinkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye nembali yabo yeminyaka engama-30, le database yepateni ixabiseke kakhulu. Baye babona indlela amanqanaba entsimbi ahlukeneyo aziphatha ngayo kwiimeko zabo zomgangatho wevenkile, olululwazi olungenakubuyiselwa. Awunakuyifumana loo nto kwimodeli yeCAD kuphela.
Apho ukugaywa kwesanti yentsimbi kwenza ingqiqo (kwaye apho ingenzi khona)
Ayisosisombululo sehlabathi. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, iindonga ezibhityileyo, okanye iijiyometri zangaphakathi ezintsonkothileyo, utyalo-mali okanye ukubumba iqokobhe kunokuba ngcono. Kodwa kwiindawo ezinobunzima obususela kwi-50kg ukuya kwiitoni ezininzi, ezinobume obulula okanye obunobunzima obuphakathi, ukubunjwa kwesanti kuyinkosi. Cinga nge-counterweight ye-excavator, okanye isakhelo esiphambili somshini wokushicilela we-hydraulic. I-tooling (umthi okanye ipateni ye-urethane) ixabiso liphantsi, kwaye utshintsho loyilo kulula ukulumkela.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yomenzi wezixhobo zemigodi. Babefuna uluhlu lwezixhobo ezinkulu zegiya, malunga ne-800kg nganye, kwi-4140 yentsimbi. Ingcinga yokuqala yayikukwenza, kodwa ixesha lokukhokela kunye neendleko zokufa zazithintele ubuninzi. Sihambe kunye nokuphosa isanti, sisebenzisa isanti yechromite ukuze siphumelele ukugqibezela umgangatho ongcono wokuphosa kwi-OD yegiya. Undoqo yayikukutya kunye noyilo lokunyuka ukuze kuqinisekiswe isandi kwicandelo le hub, elaliza kuthi kamva libe namazinyo egiya. Isebenzile, kwaye iindleko zeyunithi bezimalunga nama-40% ngaphantsi kwekowuti yomgunyathi.
Umda, ngokuqinisekileyo, kukugqiba umphezulu kunye nokunyamezelana kwe-dimensional. Ujonge uburhabaxa obuqhelekileyo bomphezulu weRa 12.5-25 μm, kunye nokunyamezelana ngokwe-ISO 8062 CT 10-13 kuluhlu, ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani. Oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ucwangcisele izibonelelo zoomatshini kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo zedatum kunye neendawo zokutywina. Nabani na olindele ukugqitywa kokwakheka komnatha ngokuthe ngqo kubumba lwesanti uzibekela ukuphoxeka kwaye uya kugxeka inkqubo ngokungalunganga.
Ikhonkco Elibalulekileyo: Ukusuka ekuCanjweni ukuya kwiNdawo egqityiweyo
Kulapho iziseko ezininzi zisilela khona, kwaye apho ababoneleli abadibeneyo bongeza ixabiso lokwenyani. Inxalenye yentsimbi yesanti ayinakuze ibe yimveliso yokugqibela. Ifuna ukwenziwa ngomatshini, rhoqo unyango lobushushu, kunye novavanyo. Ukuba nesakhono soomatshini ngaphakathi endlwini, okanye kunxibelelwano oluluqilima QSY yenza kunye necandelo labo lomatshini le-CNC, liphelisa umaleko omkhulu wolungiselelo, ukutshintshwa kwetyala, kunye nokungacaci komgangatho.
Xa iziko elifanayo eligalela ukuphosa likwayimatshini, banomdla wokufumana ilungelo lokuphosa. Bayazi ukuba ziphi iindawo ezinokuthi zicutheke, ngoko banokuhlengahlengisa isitokhwe somatshini ngokufanelekileyo. Bayaqonda ukuba kunokwenzeka kwiindawo ezilukhuni ukusuka ekupholiseni, ngoko ke banokucwangcisa iindlela zesixhobo kwaye bakhethe ukufaka ukusingatha. Ndibe kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu apho i-Foundry igxeka i-machinist 'ngokungacoci,' kwaye i-machinist igxeka i-Foundry 'iendawo ezinzima kunye ne-voids.' Ngumjikelo onetyhefu obulala iiprojekthi.
Kwizinto ezinje ngeentsimbi ezingenasici okanye ezo ngxubevange ezikhethekileyo QSY ukukhankanya - i-nickel-based okanye i-cobalt-based - oku kudityaniswa kubaluleke ngakumbi. Ezi alloys zinzima kumatshini kwaye ziyabiza. Isiphene sokuphosa esonakalisa inxalenye emva kwe-80% yomatshini yenziwe yilahleko enkulu yemali. Ingqondo esisiseko kufuneka inabele kulo lonke ikhonkco lexabiso.
Imigibe eqhelekileyo kunye nendlela yokuyishenxisa
Ukuvalwa okubandayo kunye ne-mistruns yimiba yakudala kunye nentsimbi ekubunjweni kwesanti. Intsimbi ilahlekelwa bubushushu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba inkqubo yokugawula ide kakhulu okanye ibhityile, okanye ubushushu obuthululwayo bucinywe nakumda omncinci, intsimbi inokukhenkceza ngaphambi kokuba igcwalise isikhunta. Isisombululo asikokunyusa nje ubushushu obugalelayo – oko kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki ezifana nokushwabana okugqithisileyo kunye nokhukuliseko lokungunda. Imalunga nokuyila inkqubo yokungena enendawo yokuminxeka ekunene, usebenzisa iingiti ezininzi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokufudumeza imibundo enkulu kakhulu, entsonkothileyo.
I-shrinkage porosity lelinye irhamncwa elikhulu. Intsimbi ine-volumetric shrinkage ephezulu. Udinga izixhasi (izixhasi) ezikhulu ngokwaneleyo kwaye zibekwe ngokuchanekileyo ukondla isinyithi elulwelo kwiindawo zokuqiniswa de ziqine ngokupheleleyo. Ukulinganisa kwekhompyuter kuyanceda ngoku, kodwa kusafuna ukuqinisekiswa. Sakhe salinganisa umzimba wevalvu, kwaye isoftware yathi sifuna izinyusi ezintathu. Ngokusekwe kumsebenzi ofanayo wangaphambili, sisebenzise ezine ezincinci kancinci kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ukubunjwa ngokwasemzimbeni kwakuvakala; Ukulinganisa kuye kwangaluqondi kancinane amandla okupholisa undoqo wesanti ethile. Amava asekho xilongo ithiyori esulungekileyo.
Idimensional drift phezu kokwenziwa kwemveliso ngumbulali ofihlakeleyo. Iipateni zokhuni zinokufunxa ukufuma kwaye zidumbe. Inkqubo yokubumba ngokwayo ingaba nokuguquguquka - ukunyanzeliswa kwesanti, ukutshintshwa kwengundoqo. Kumsebenzi othatha ixesha elide, kububulumko ukucwangcisa uqwalaselo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha 'oluqalayo' lwemilinganiselo ebalulekileyo yokuphosa phambi kokwenza yonke ibhetshi. Igcina ihlabathi lentlungu.
Ukujonga uMfanekiso Omkhulu
Ke, ngaba isanti yentsimbi ephosayo bubugcisa obufayo? Hayi akunjalo. Iyavela. Izinto ezisisiseko zokudluliselwa kobushushu kunye nokuqina azitshintshi, kodwa izixhobo ezizingqongileyo ziyatshintsha. Iinkqubo ezingcono zokubuyiselwa kwesanti zenza imo engqongileyo kunye nezoqoqosho. Ushicilelo lwe-3D lokubumba isanti kunye neecores kuvula iingcango zeprototyping kunye neejometri ezintsonkothileyo ebezikade zingenakwenzeka ngeepateni zemveli, nangona imveliso yomthamo ophezulu, uqoqosho lusathanda izixhobo eziqhelekileyo.
Ixabiso lokwenyani, ngokombono wam, lilele kwiziseko eziyiphatha njengesisombululo esinobunjineli endaweni yentengiso. Kumalunga nokuqonda lonke uhambo lwenxalenye, ukusuka kwimodeli yeCAD ukuya kugqitywa, icandelo lomatshini kwindibano yomthengi. Ababoneleli abanikezela oko, ukudibanisa iinkqubo ezifana nokuphosa kunye nomatshini ochanekileyo phantsi kophahla olunye, banikezela ukuthembeka ekunzima ukuhambelana. Xa ujonga unikezelo lwenkampani, njengobumba oluhlanganisiweyo lweqokobhe, ukuphosa utyalo-mali, kunye neenkonzo zobuchwephesha be-CNC ezichazwe https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ibonakalisa ukukwazi ukuphatha kungekuphela nje ukugalela, kodwa ukufezekiswa kwenxalenye esebenzayo. Kulapho ishishini lisingise khona.
Ekugqibeleni, impumelelo ukugalela isanti yentsimbi yincoko yababini – phakathi komyili kunye nenjineli esisiseko, phakathi kwemetalurgist kunye nomatshini. Kumalunga nokulawula okulindelweyo, ukuqonda ukuthomalalisa, kunye nokuxhasa amashumi eminyaka ehlangeneyo, ngamanye amaxesha abuhlungu, amava okuguqula isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sibe yinto eyomeleleyo kwaye ethembekileyo. Ayikhe imalunga nesanti nje.
