Uyazi, xa uninzi lwabantu abangaphandle kwebala beva 'ivalve yokukhangela', babona umfanekiso wokujonga ujingi kumgca wamanzi. Kulungile, kodwa ayikrwempanga umphezulu. Incoko yokwenyani iqala xa uchaza enye kumgca womphunga woxinzelelo oluphezulu, okanye inkqubo yokudluliselwa kweekhemikhali ezonakalisayo, kwaye uqaphela ukhetho phakathi kwetshekhi ye-wafer ephindwe kabini kunye netshekhi yepiston ayiyomfundo-ngumahluko phakathi kwenkqubo egqumayo kunye naleyo izibethelela iziqwenga kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ndizibonile zombini.
UMsebenzi onguNdoqo kunye noBuntsonkotha obufihlakeleyo
Umgaqo ulula: thintela ukubuyela emva. Kodwa ukubulawa? Kulapho amashumi eminyaka entloko angcwatywa khona. Ayisiyonto nje malunga nediski okanye ibhola eyeka ukubuya umva; imalunga nokuba ivala ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, ukuhla koxinzelelo kuyidala xa ivuliwe, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni kuloo mzuzwana-wesibini xa ukuqukuqela kubuyela umva. Ukuvala okucothayo khangela ivalve kumgca wokukhupha impompo kunokubangela isando samanzi sibe bukhali kangangokuba kuvakala ngathi umbhobho ubethwe ngesileyi. Ndafunda ukuba indlela enzima kwinkqubo yamanzi epholileyo ekuqaleni komsebenzi wam. Sasebenzisa ujingi wokuhlola oqhelekileyo kuba wawutshiphu kwaye uyafumaneka. Amaza othuso aye aphumela kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokugunyaziswa. Iindleko zevalve zazingabalulekanga xa kuthelekiswa nexesha lokuphumla kunye nokulungiswa.
Yiyo loo nto ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo kuba yeyona nto iphambili. Intsimbi yokuphosa inokusebenzela amanzi angabalulekanga, kodwa kuyo nayiphi na into enobushushu, i-corrosion, okanye i-abrasion, ujonge intsimbi, i-stainless, okanye i-alloys ezikhethekileyo. Kulapho ukusebenzisana nomsunguli kunye nomchwephesha oqonda iinxalenye ezisebenzayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ndisebenze nababoneleli abafana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) kwiiprojekthi ezifuna imizimba yevalvu yokujonga ngokwesiko. Amava abo kwi iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali kwiijiyometri ezintsonkothileyo, zilandelwa ngokuthe ngqo CNC Machining kwisihlalo kunye namanqaku e-hinge, yintoni eguqula uyilo ephepheni ibe yinto ethembekileyo. Awunakuvele uthenge oku kwishelufu yegeneric; kufuneka yenziwe ngobunjineli kwaye yenziwe njengecandelo lenkqubo.
Ukukhethwa kwe-alloy kuchaza ngokuthe ngqo ubomi benkonzo. Kwibhoyila yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okutya, i-carbon steel body ene-stainless trim (idiski, i-hinge pin) inokwanela. Kodwa kumgca wokudlula kwisityalo sekhemikhali esiphatha iikloridi, ukhankanya into eqinileyo intsimbi engenasici okanye ivalve yealloyi esekwe kwi-nickel ukunqanda ukusilela kokutya okuyingozi. Umgangatho wokuphosa apha awunakuxoxisana-nayiphi na i-porosity okanye ukufakwa kumda wengcinezelo yindawo yokuvuza yexesha elizayo.
Iintlobo endle: Ngaphaya kwekhathalogu
Iimpawu zekhathalogu zikuxelela ubungakanani kunye noxinzelelo lomgangatho. Abafane bakuxelele malunga nokusebenza okuguquguqukayo. Thatha ivalve yokutshekisha ethe cwaka okanye encedisa entwasahlobo. Inkulu yokuthintela islam, akunjalo? Ngokuqhelekileyo, ewe. Kodwa ndakhe ndabona inkqubo apho izinga lentwasahlobo laliphezulu kakhulu kwintloko yepompo ekhoyo, ebangela ukuhla koxinzelelo olungapheliyo kunye nezixhobo ezilambayo ezisezantsi. Kwafuneka sitsale ivalve, silinganise intwasahlobo, kwaye sifumane isiko esinomthwalo ophantsi osezantsi. Yayiyinkcukacha encinci enempembelelo enkulu yokusebenza.
Iitshekhi ze-wafer eziphindwe kabini zilungile ukonga indawo kunye nobunzima. Kodwa ukuba ujongana nolwelo oluthwele amasuntswana-afana ne-slurry okanye amanzi amdaka-ezo hinges kunye nococeko oluncinci olujikeleze iipleyiti lunokuba ziindawo zokuvala. Ndingangqiyama ngakwitshekhi yebhola okanye uyilo lwediskhi ethambekileyo kwezo meko, nokuba ininzi kakhulu. Iqela lolondolozo liya kukubulela kamva.
Emva koko kukho ivalve yokukhangela i-lift. Ithembeke kakhulu ekuhambeni okuthe nkqo ukuya phezulu. Kodwa yifake ngokuthe tye ngaphandle kokucinga okwesibini, kwaye wenze i-paperweight. Isikhokelo kunye nobunzima bediski budinga ubunzima ukuze busebenze njengoko kuyilwe. Kuvakala kucacile, kodwa uya kumangaliswa ukuba kaninzi kangakanani iimpazamo zofakelo zisenzeka ngenxa yokuba uhlobo lwevalvu lwalungaqondwa emhlabeni ngexesha lofakelo.
Udibaniso kunye neNkqubo yeNgqondo
A khangela ivalve ayisosiqithi. Ukusebenza kwayo kuboshwe kwi-pump curve phezulu kunye nenkqubo ye-dynamics ezantsi. Ukuchaza enye kufuna ukubuza: Yintoni intloko evaliweyo yempompo? Sesiphi esona santya siphezulu sokubuyela umva phambi kokuba ivalve ivalwe ngokupheleleyo? Ngaba likhona ithuba lokuhamba ngebhayisikile yevalvu ekhawulezayo, enokukhokelela ekunxibeni kwangaphambi kwexesha esitulweni?
Kwizicelo zobuchwephesha, ezifana nezo zeenkqubo zoxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic okanye zokuthambisa, ivalve yokutshekisha isoloko ifuna ukudityaniswa kwibhloko eninzi. Le ayiseyiyo ivalve ezimeleyo; yipaseji eyenziwe ngoomatshini kunye nepapa okanye ibhola kunye nentwasahlobo. Ukuchaneka komatshini-ukugqitywa komphezulu wesihlalo, i-bore diameter, i-spring cavity deep-ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amazinga okuvuza kunye nokuchaneka koxinzelelo. Lo ngummandla ochanekileyo wecandelo, apho ivenkile CNC Machining Izakhono kunye nezakhono ze-metrology zibaluleke kakhulu njengokuphosa ekrwada.
Saba neprojekthi yesitofu sovavanyo esifuna ivalve echaneke kakhulu, enoxinzelelo oluphantsi. Iyunithi engaphandle kweshelufu ayizukulungela uyilo oluninzi. Isisombululo yayikukuba umzimba wevalve kunye nesitulo sitshintshwe ngokuthe ngqo kwibhloko ephindaphindeneyo ukusuka kwisakhiwo sentsimbi eyomeleleyo engenasiphene, nesipilingi esihonjisiweyo kunye nebhola. Ukunyamezelana kwakukwiimicrons. Isebenze ngokugqibeleleyo kuba i-machinist yayiyiphatha njengento ebalulekileyo yokulawula ulwelo, kungekhona nje isiqwenga sesinyithi esinomngxuma kuyo.
Iindlela zokungaphumeleli kunye ne-Real-World Diagnostics
Abasileli kakuhle. Ngesiqhelo, kukuvuza (isitulo esisileleyo), i-slam (indlela yokuvala engasebenziyo), okanye ukuvaleka okupheleleyo (idiski ebambekayo ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe). Ukuxilongwa kudla ngokuqala ngokuphulaphula. Isandi esingxolayo kwindawo yokuvala impompo ukuvaleka okucothayo. Incoko engaguqukiyo, ephezulu-frequency inokuthetha ukuba ivalve iyaphaphatheka kwindawo evuleke kancinci ngenxa yokuqukuqela okungazinzanga.
Umhlwa wangaphakathi ngumbulali othuleyo. Ndisike ndavula a khangela ivalve ukusuka kumgca wokupholisa amanzi olwandle okhangeleka kakuhle ngaphandle. Ngaphakathi, isikhonkwane sehinge saphantse sagqwala, kwaye idiski yafakwa njengenyanga. Imathiriyeli bekucingelwa ukuba yayingama-316 ayinabala, kodwa umgangatho wokuphosa okanye ibakala elithile elisetyenzisiweyo belingekho kwindawo yekloridi. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukulandelelwa kunye nezatifiketi eziphathekayo ezivela kumthengisi wakho zibalulekile. Inkampani efana ne-QSY, egxininise kwii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, iya kuba yinto yokuya kwindawo enzima ngolo hlobo, inikezela ngemathiriyeli efana ne-duplex engenasici okanye i-alloys esekwe kwi-cobalt yokunxiba ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokugqwala.
Ukunxiba ngomnye umba. Kwinkqubo ye-steam, kunye nexabiso elincinci lokutsala ucingo (ukhukuliseko olusuka kwisantya esiphezulu somphunga) esihlalweni kunokubangela ukuvuza. Nje ukuba iqalisile, iyakhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukulungiswa akulovalve entsha kodwa kukuyilwa ngokutsha-mhlawumbi ukuya kwivalve yokukhangela i-nozzle ekwazi ukumelana nolo hlobo luthile lokhukuliseko.
I-Special Sheet yindawo yokuQala, hayi iVangeli
Ekugqibeleni, igama malunga neenkcukacha. Iklasi yoxinzelelo lwe-ANSI (umzekelo, i-Class 150, i-300) imalunga nomzimba ophethe uxinzelelo. Ayithethi nto malunga nekhono lokuvalwa kwendlela yokuphatha isantya sokuhamba okanye ukudinwa komjikelo. Kufuneka ujonge idatha yomenzi ngesantya esiphezulu esivumelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci lwehla ukuze uvule ngokupheleleyo. La ngamanani akungenisa kwi-ballpark.
Ungaze ucinge ukuba intsimbi engenastainless yanele. Cacisa ibakala: CF8M, Duplex 2205, Alloy 20. Umahluko kwiindleko kunye nokusebenza mkhulu kakhulu. Kwisicelo sesiqhelo okanye esisezantsi, kulapho ingxoxo yobugcisa kunye neqabane lakho lemveliso iyimfuneko. Kuya kufuneka udlulise iimeko zenkonzo-ulwelo, ubushushu, uxinzelelo, ukuphindaphindeka komjikelo-ngoko banokucebisa ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphosa (utyalo mali kwimizimba entsonkothileyo, enenkcukacha; iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwiimilo ezinkulu ezinobunzima obuthile) kunye nendlela yokwenza.
Ekugqibeleni, ukukhetha ivalve yokukhangela ekunene ngumsebenzi wokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo ye-dynamics kunye nesayensi yezinto. Imalunga nokuqikelela ukuba iya kuziphatha njani hayi kwilebhu yovavanyo, kodwa kwingxolo, ukungcangcazela, ukukhwela ibhayisekile ngokwenyani yesityalo sakho. Ukhetho olufanelekileyo alubonakali-lusebenza nje iminyaka. Ongalunganga uyazichaza, ngexabiso eliphakamileyo kwaye kaninzi ngokumangalisayo.
