Uva uStellite ejulwe kakhulu kwiindibano zocweyo kunye neentlanganiso zokuthengwa kwempahla, rhoqo njengendawo yokubambisa kuyo yonke into ejongene nobunzima okanye esekwe kwi-cobalt. Leyo yimbono ephosakeleyo yokuqala ukuyicacisa. Ayisiyonto inye kodwa lusapho, ikakhulu icobalt-chromium alloys, kunye nedelta yokusebenza phakathi kwamabanga afana neStellite 6, 12, okanye 21 inkulu. Ndizibonile iiprojekthi zisilela kuba umntu uchaze nje uStellite kumzobo, ecinga ukuba zonke ziyinto enye. Ayiyo. Ukhetho phakathi kwebakala lekhabhoni ephezulu yokuqhawuka kakhulu kunye nekhabhoni esezantsi yokumelana nempembelelo engcono ayiyomfundo-ngumahluko phakathi kwesitulo sevalvu ethatha iinyanga ezintandathu okanye emithathu.
IConundrum yokuphosa kunye neNyaniso yeShell Mold
Ukusebenza ngezi ngxubevange akufani nokwenza intsimbi ethambileyo. I-cobalt ephezulu kunye nomxholo wechromium ubenza babe ngamaphupha amabi anzima ukuba awulumkanga. Kwangoko, sazama ukusika iStellite 6 ngokufakwa kwecarbide eqhelekileyo. Isiphumo? Umphezulu omenyezelayo, ukuguga kwezixhobo ezikhawulezayo, kunye namalungu abonakala ehlafunwa. Igophe lokufunda laliphezulu. Udinga ukuseta okuqinileyo, iijiyometri zehariki ezilungileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, kuya kufuneka wamkele ukuba ukugaya linyathelo lokugqibela lokunyamezelana okubalulekileyo.
Apha kulapho inkqubo enyukayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Inxalenye yeStellite engaphoswanga kakuhle phantse ayinakwenzeka ukuhlenga ngokwezoqoqosho ngoomatshini. Siye saba nokuhambelana okungcono kakhulu iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa iindawo ezinzima. Uzinzo lwe-dimensional kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu ukusuka kwi-shell shell mold kukunika ithuba lokulwa kwinqanaba le-CNC. Inciphisa isixa saloo nto inzima ekufuneka uyisuse, egcina ngokuthe ngqo ixesha kunye neendleko zezixhobo.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi ethile yomthengi wepetrochemical ofuna umkhono wokunxiba ngokwesiqhelo. Iprototype yokuqala, eyenziwe ngenkqubo yesanti elula, yayinezowuni zobunzima obungahambelaniyo kunye nokuncipha okufihlakeleyo. Ukuyilungisa yayilidabi. Sitshintshele kwinkqubo echanekileyo yokubumba iqokobhe lokuqhuba imveliso, sisebenzisana nesiseko esaziyo ukuphatha iimpawu zokuqina kwealloyi-njenge Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY). Ukugxila kwabo kwishumi leminyaka emithathu ekusaseni kunye nokwenza oomatshini kuthetha ukuba bafumana intsebenziswano efunekayo. Awunakuvele uyiphose kwaye unethemba lokuba enye ivenkile iyakubala umatshini. Ukuba nayo phantsi kophahla olunye, okanye kunye neqabane elidityanisiweyo ngokuqinileyo, ngundoqo. Imikhono yemveliso yaphuma kunye ne-microstructure efanayo, kwaye isebe lethu le-CNC likwazi ukubamba ukunyamezela okuqinileyo ngaphandle kokutshintsha kwesixhobo esingapheliyo.
CNC Machining: Umdaniso obuthathaka kunye nobunzima
IMachining Stellite sisifundo kubundlobongela obulawulwayo. Awungekhe ube neentloni ngokusikeka kwakho, okanye uya kusebenza nje-uqinise umphezulu ube umaleko ongangenekiyo. Kodwa nawe awukwazi nje ukugxuphuleka kuyo. Indawo emnandi yinto ehambelanayo, yokutya okuphakathi kunye nesixhobo esibukhali. Sithembele kakhulu kwi-ceramic okanye kwi-CBN ukufaka ukugqiba ukupasa kumabakala anzima. I-Coolant ayinakuxoxisana, kwaye kungekhona nje ukupholisa-inceda ngokukhutshwa kwe-chip. Iichips ezinde, ezinentambo ezisonga isixhobo? Leyo yindlela ekhawulezayo yokonakalisa indawo kunye nomphathi wesixhobo.
Enye inkcukacha edla ngokungahoywa kukulungisa. Kuba utyhala isixhobo kwaye impahla inzima, inxalenye kufuneka itshixiwe ngokupheleleyo. Nayiphi na incoko okanye ukungcangcazela kuguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-micro-fractures kwindawo engaphezulu, ethi ibe ziindawo zokuqalisa iintanda kwinkonzo. Sifudukele kwizilungiso zehydraulic kumacandelo abalulekileyo eStellite. Lixabiso elongeziweyo, kodwa lixabiso eliphantsi kunokuchitha i-$5,000 yokuphosa ngenxa yokuphela komphezulu ombi ukusuka kwifixture flex.
I-post-machining ihlala ityhila ubunyani bokuphosa. Sakha sasebenza ngoomatshini bentsimbi ye-Stellite 21 blade shrouds. Ubukhulu becala, indlela yezixhobo yayigudiswa. Kwisibini, siye safumana amanqam, amanxeba kwiindawo ezithile. Ibonise ukuhluka kwendawo ebukhuni, mhlawumbi ulwahlulo lwe-carbide ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuphosa. Kwafuneka sitsale ezo zimbini kunyango olongezelelweyo lobushushu ukwenza i-homogenize isakhiwo-ukulibaziseka kwakungekho mntu wayefuna. Igxininisa ukuba nokuba unesiseko esilungileyo, udinga uhlolo olungenayo olungqongqo, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphaya kokuhlolwa kwekhemistri elula ukubandakanya uvavanyo lwangoku lwe-ultrasonic okanye lwe-eddy ukuhambelana.
Ukukhetha i-alloy: Ayinakuze ibe yiStellite nje
Udidi olukhethekileyo lwe-alloys kulapho kwenzeka khona ubunjineli bokwenyani. I-Stellite ihleli ecaleni kwee-alloys ezisekwe kwi-nickel njenge-Inconel, kodwa izicelo zabo ziyahlukana. I-Stellite yokunxiba kunye nokumelana ne-galling kumaqondo aphakathi ukuya kumaqondo aphezulu; I-nickel-alloys ngakumbi ukomelela kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomhlwa. Ndiyibonile idizayini apho i-Inconel 625 yayixelwe ekuqaleni kwisitrim sevalve yobushushu obuphezulu, kodwa eyona ndlela yokusilela yayilukhukuliseko lomzobo wocingo olusuka kwisantya esiphezulu. Ukutshintshela kwikhabhoni ephezulu Stellite ibakala elinjengeStellite 3 liyisombulule ingxaki ngexabiso eliphantsi.
Le matrix yesigqibo ibalulekile. Kuya kufuneka ubuze: Ngaba olona tshaba luyi-abrasion, ukhukuliseko, ukubola, okanye indibaniselwano? Lithini iqondo lobushushu lokusebenza? Ngaba kukho impembelelo? Umthombo onje QSYIpotfoliyo, egquma zombini icobalt kunye nenickel usapho, iluncedo kuba azinacala kwisisombululo esinye. Banako, okanye kufuneka bakwazi, ukucebisa ngokusekelwe kwisicelo. Umzekelo, kumkhono wempompo kwindawo ye-saline ene-corrosion kunye ne-slurries e-abrasive, banokucebisa i-Stellite 6 yokwaleka kwi-substrate yensimbi engenasici kune-alloy eqinile, ebiza kakhulu ye-nickel.
Ukungaphumeleli kweenkcukacha zengubo. Umxhasi wake wagxininisa kwi-Stellite 1 kuyo yonke into kuba yayinobunzima obuphezulu obudweliswe. Bayisebenzise kwiindawo ezixhomekeke kwibhayisekile eshushu kunye nefuthe elilula. Amalungu aqhekekile. I-Stellite 1 is brittle. Kwafuneka sihambe nabo kumaphepha edatha ukubonisa ukuba i-Stellite 6, kunye ne-ductility engcono kunye nokumelana nokugqwesa ukunxiba, yayilukhetho olufanelekileyo lwaloo mthwalo onamandla. Amanani edatha alixeli ibali lonke; amava entsimi enza.
Ukudityaniswa ukusuka kwi-Melt ukuya kuMatshini
Esona sifundo sikhulu sifundiweyo kukuqhawulwa konxibelelwano phakathi kokusakha kunye nomatshini. Xa ziphathwa njenge-silos ezahlukeneyo, iiprojekthi zeStellite zopha imali kunye nexesha. I-Foundry kufuneka iqonde ukuba i-machinist ijongene nayo. Izinto ezilula ezifana nokudibanisa, ii-engile zokuyila ezingaguqukiyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isango kunye neendawo zokunyuka zikwindawo ezingabalulekanga, kunye nokuphepha amacandelo amancinci kakhulu apholile ngokukhawuleza angenza okanye aphule ubugcisa.
Iinkampani ezisebenze kuzo zombini iindawo iminyaka, njengoko kuchaziwe Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (unokufumana indlela yabo apha https://www.tsingtaocnc.com), babe nolwazi lwendele. Imbali yabo yeminyaka engama-30 yokuphosa kunye ne-CNC machining ayingomgca wentengiso nje; icebisa ukuba bawafake ngaphakathi la manqaku entlungu. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba bacinga ngendawo yokulungisa oomatshini ngelixa beyila ukungunda, yindlela ekufanele ukuba ngayo. Kumsebenzisi wokugqibela, oku kudityaniswa kunciphisa umngcipheko. Awuthengi nje i-casting; uthenga icandelo elenziwayo.
Umzekelo osebenzayo: Sasifuna iseti yamakhonkco etywina antsonkothileyo, anodonga olucekethekileyo kwi-Stellite 12. Umceli mngeni yayikukuthintela ukugqwetheka ngexesha lomatshini emva kokuphosa. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo iya kuphosa, uxinzelelo, umatshini kunye nethemba. Umboneleli odibeneyo ucebise inkqubo elungisiweyo: ukuphosa, ukwenza umatshini omdaka ukuya kwimilo ekufutshane nenetha, emva koko unyango lwesibini lokuzinzisa ubushushu, lulandelwa bubuchule bokugqibela obuchanekileyo. Eli nyathelo longezelelweyo, lizelwe ngamava kunye nokuziphatha kwemathiriyeli kulo lonke ikhonkco, linikezelwe iindawo ezisicaba, ezizinzileyo. Olu luhlobo lwenkqubo ye-nuance eyahlula umthengisi wamacandelo kwiqabane lezisombululo.
Ukujonga Ngaphaya kwegama leBrand
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iStellite ligama lebhrendi eliyimbali elivela kwiDeloro Stellite (ngoku eyinxalenye yeKennametal). Kukho i-cobalt-chromium alloys efanayo evela kwabanye abavelisi. Ekuthengeni, ngakumbi kwizinto ezingabizi kakhulu kodwa ezinomthamo ophezulu, ukufaneleka kwezinto ezilinganayo kunokuba yimpumelelo enkulu. Into ephambili kukuba ufanelekele ukusebenza, kungekhona nje i-chemistry. Silwenze uvavanyo lokunxiba icala necala kwigama elithi Stellite 6 kunye nealloyi yegeneric yeCoCr-A yosetyenziso lwempompo eludaka. Indlela yokusebenza ibifana ngokweenkcukacha-manani, nto leyo ekhokelele kulondolozo olubalulekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, oku ayisosindululo esipheleleyo. Kwizicelo ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezithembeke kakhulu kwi-aerospace okanye kwi-nuclear, ukulandeleka kunye nesatifikethi esingqongqo sokusila esiza kunye nemathiriyeli enegama zihlala zixabisa iprimiyamu. Ngolunye ubizo lomgwebo. Ingongoma kukwazi ukuba unokukhetha kwaye usekele isigqibo kwiimfuno zesicelo kunye neprofayili yomngcipheko, kungekhona kumkhwa.
Ke, xa ujongana noStellite, cinga ngokwenkqubo. Ayilothuli lomlingo olufefayo kwingxaki. Yimathiriyeli enzima exabiso layo liphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kuphela ngokukhetha ibakala elinolwazi, inkqubo yokwenziwa elawulwayo nehlanganisiweyo ukusuka kumngundo ukuya kwinxalenye egqityiweyo, kunye nokuqonda ngokucacileyo oko iza kujongana nayo enkonzweni. Yilungise, kwaye yomelele ngokumangalisayo. Yifumane kakubi, kwaye sisifundo esixabisa kakhulu.
