Uva 'ukulahleka kwewax' kwaye uninzi lweengqondo zitsibela ngqo kubugcisa bakudala okanye ubucwebe obuthambileyo. Leyo yimbono yokuqala ephosakeleyo. Kwindawo yoshishino, ngumqolo we utyalo mali, inkqubo apho ukuchaneka kuhambelana nomthamo, kwaye apho indawo 'elahlekileyo' iyindawo nje yokuvula kumdlalo omde, ongcolileyo, kunye nobuchwepheshe obufuna kakhulu. Akunjalo nje ngokwenza isikhunta; imalunga nokulawula lonke ikhonkco ukusuka kwipatheni yewax ukuya kwinxalenye egqityiweyo yomatshini, apho isiphene kwisinyathelo sokuqala sinokulahla ibhetshi yonke emva kweeveki zomsebenzi.
Igumbi leWax: Apho iqala khona yonke into (kwaye inokuhamba kakubi)
Igumbi lokutofa nge-wax lilula ngokukhohlisa. Konke kumalunga nobushushu kunye noxinzelelo, kodwa ukuzilungisa yinto yokuziva. Umthwebeba asiyonto nje enye; idla ngokuba yingxubevange, eneempawu zokuqukuqela ezahlukeneyo. Sisebenzisa ikhompawundi esekwe kwiparafini eguquliweyo kuninzi lwamalungu entsimbi. Ukuba i-injector ishushu kakhulu, i-wax iphola ngokucothayo, ibangela ukushwabana kwemingxuma okanye ukugqwetheka. Kubanda kakhulu, kwaye ufumana imigca yokuhamba okanye ukuzaliswa okungaphelelanga, ngakumbi kumacandelo amancinci. Ndibone amagcisa amatsha evelisa into efana neepateni ze-wax ezigqibeleleyo, kuphela ukuba ziphuhlise ukuqhekeka koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi emva kweeyure ze-24 kwi-rack. Oko kukungaphumeleli ongakuboni de igobolondo ye-ceramic yakhiwe kwaye isinyithi sigalelwe, sichitha yonke into.
Ukudityaniswa kweepateni zewax kwisixokelelwano sokungena esiphakathi-'umthi'-sesinye isakhono esibalulekileyo sesandla. Ijongeka njengeemodeli zokuncamathelisa kunye, kodwa i-engile kunye nengqibelelo edibeneyo iyalela ukuhamba kwesinyithi. Ilungu elibuthathaka linokubangela 'ukuphelelwa' ngexesha lokugalelwa. Sake saba nebhetshi ye-impeller yempompo apho ukulungelelaniswa okuncinci kwindibano yomthi kukhokelele ekuzalisweni kwesiphithiphithi. I-castings yayibukeka ilungile, kodwa i-X-reyi yatyhila i-porosity esasazekileyo kwi-vanes. Iqashiso lonke laliwa. Leyo yindleko efihliweyo yendibano ye-wax ekhawulezileyo.
Ubugcisa bokwenene bukwi-wax ngokwayo. Kumajelo angaphakathi antsonkothileyo, njengalawo akwiincakuba zeinjini yomoya okanye iiprototypes zofakelo lwezonyango, sinokusebenzisa undoqo wewax onyibilikayo. Ubumba undoqo, uhlanganise ipateni ephambili yewax ejikeleze kuyo, wakhe iqokobhe leceramic, emva koko usebenzise amanzi ashushu okanye ibhafu yokunyibilikisa ukunyibilikisa i-wax engundoqo phambi kwenqanaba eliphambili le-wax. Ibhalansi ekhohlisayo-i-wax engundoqo kufuneka inyibilike ngokucocekileyo ngaphandle kokuthambisa i-wax yepatheni ephambili. Yinto ekhethekileyo, kwaye ayizizo zonke iivenkile ezihlala zilungile.
Isakhiwo seShell: Umdaniso weCeramic
Ukuthi nkxu umthi we-wax kudaka oluphambili lweceramic asiyonto yokusela; yingubo elawulwayo. Idyasi yokuqala, idyasi yobuso, isebenzisa umgubo we-zircon ocolekileyo kakhulu okanye umgubo we-silica. Yile nto ichaza ukugqitywa kwendawo yentsimbi yokugqibela. Naluphi na uthuli okanye ukungcola apha kubanjwa ngonaphakade kumphezulu wokuphosa. I-viscosity ye-slurry ijongwa amaxesha amaninzi ngosuku-iyajiya njengoko izinto ziphuma zibe ngumphunga kwaye zifuna ukucuthwa.
Emva kwediphu eludaka, ingena ngoko nangoko kumandlalo olwelo lwesanti erhabaxa, eyi-angular refractory-edla ngokudityaniswa isilica kwiidyasi ezimbalwa zokuqala. Le nkqubo stuccoing idala isitshixo oomatshini engundoqo phakathi umaleko. Isingqisho sithi dip, isanti, somile. Phinda. Indawo yokomisa ibalulekile: ukufuma nobushushu obulawulwayo. Ukukhawuleza, kwaye igobolondo inokuphuhlisa i-micro-cracks; ucotha kakhulu, kwaye ishedyuli yakho yemveliso iyama. Sijonge kwiidyasi ezisi-7 ukuya kwezisi-9 kuninzi lweentsimbi zokusakha, ukwakha iqokobhe elimalunga ne-6-8mm ubukhulu. Kufuneka yomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuze imelane ne-autoclave dewaxing kodwa ikwazi ukungena ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela iigesi ukuba zibaleke ngexesha lokugalela.
Ukomiswa kokugqibela, okanye 'ukuqina,' kweqokobhe eligqityiweyo kuthatha ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-24. Awukwazi ukungxama. Iqokobhe elivakala lomile ngaphandle lingakwazi ukubamba ukufuma ngaphakathi. Ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu be-dewaxing (sisebenzisa i-autoclave yoxinzelelo oluphezulu), ukuba umswakama obanjwe ujika ube ngumphunga ngokukhawuleza, kwaye u-pop-ufumana ukuqhekeka kwegobolondo okanye ukuqhuma. Ndivule i-autoclave ukuze ndifumane umthi uqhekezwe ngokupheleleyo, iishadi zeceramic kuyo yonke indawo. Unobangela? Ilog engaphelelanga yokomisa ibhetshi enye, ityhalwe ngenxa yomhla wokugqibela oqinileyo. Isifundo esinexabiso elikhulu.
Ukutshiswa, ukugalelwa, kunye nomzuzu weNyaniso
Emva kwe-dewaxing, iigobolondo ze-ceramic ezingenanto zingena kwiziko lokutshisa. Oku akukho malunga nokutshisa iwax eyintsalela; itshiza i-ceramic, idibanisa amaqhekeza ibe yimbumba eyomeleleyo, i-monolithic. Ukunyuswa kweqondo lobushushu kuchanekile. Ukuba ndlongondlongo kakhulu, kwaye ukothuka kwe-thermal kuya kuqhekeza iqokobhe. Ngokuqhelekileyo sibamba malunga ne-1000 ° C iiyure ezininzi, kuxhomekeke kwi-alloy eya kugalelwa. Iqokobhe kufuneka ligalelwe lisashushu—ngokufuthi libe ngaphezu kwama-500°C. Ukugalela kwiqokobhe elibandayo kukhokelela kwimitruns kunye nokuvalwa okubandayo. Ixesha eliphakathi kweziko kunye nesikhululo sokugalela ngumdaniso olungelelanisiweyo.
Ukugalela ngokwayo ku-visceral. Kwiintsimbi ezingenastainless ezifana ne-304 okanye i-316, okanye i-alloys zobushushu obuphezulu njenge-Inconel, iqondo lobushushu le-furnace lingadlula i-1600°C. Ujonge ukuhamba kwesinyithi, ukunyuka kwesinyithi kwikomityi yokugalela. Inkqubo yokungena eyilwe kwiiveki ezidlulileyo kwi-wax ngoku yenza umsebenzi wayo kuphela. Isango elenziwe kakuhle lizalisa isikhunta ngokucokisekileyo, ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, ukunciphisa i-turbulence kunye nokwakheka kwe-oxide. Uyilo olubi luya kutshiza isinyithi, lubambe umoya kunye nokudala ukubandakanywa kwenkunkuma. Maxa wambi unokuwuva umahluko—umkhwelo ozolileyo, onyukayo ngokuchasene nesandi esingxolayo.
Ukushukuma kwenzeka emva kokuba intsimbi iqinile kwaye ipholile. Iqokobhe leceramic laphulwe kukungcangcazela komatshini. Apha kulapho ubona ukuphoswa ekrwada okokuqala, isancanyathiselwe kwinkqubo yayo yesango lesinyithi. Ngumzuzu wenyaniso, kodwa hayi owokugqibela. Ukuhlolwa komphezulu kudla ngokubonisa iimpawu zokuqala zempumelelo okanye ukusilela: ukuphindaphindwa kwesinyithi okulungileyo, okanye iziphene ezifana neempiko (ukusuka kwiintanda zeqokobhe), umphezulu orhabaxa (ukusuka kwidyasi yobuso erhabaxa), okanye ukushwabana okubonakalayo. Kwinkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye neminyaka engamashumi amathathu iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali, eli nqanaba apho ulawulo lwabo lwenkqubo luqinisekisiwe. Ugxininiso lwabo kwizinto ezifana ne-cobalt ekhethekileyo kunye ne-nickel-based alloys ifuna ulawulo olungqongqo ngakumbi kula manqanaba angaphambili, njengoko ezi ngxubevange zixolela kakhulu iziphene zeqokobhe okanye iimpazamo zokugalela kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo.
I-Post-Casting: Apho i-Casting idibana khona noMatshini
Inxalenye ye-as-cast ayifane ibe yinxalenye yokugqibela. Le ngongoma ephambili. Ukuphosa iwax elahlekileyo ikufumana 'kufutshane ne-net-shape,' kodwa ujongano olubalulekileyo lusoloko lufuna oomatshini. Inkqubo yesango inqunyulwe, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye ne-bandsaw okanye ivili eliqhekezayo kwiindawo ezincinci, okanye i-plasma arc enkulu. Emva koko ikwi-CNC yokugaya okanye ukujika. Ukuphosa kufuneka kube kuyilwe kunye nezibonelelo zomatshini-izinto ezongezelelweyo ezishiywe kwiindawo ezithile. Fumana esi sibonelelo singalunganga, kwaye unokushiya ulusu olungenakuthelekiswa nanto kumphezulu wokutywina okanye usike kwindawo engenanto okanye ukufakwa kufihlwe ngaphantsi komhlaba.
Apha kulapho umsebenzi odibeneyo ubonisa ixabiso lawo. Kwi-QSY, ukuba zombini ukuphosa kunye CNC Machining phantsi kophahla olunye kukho inzuzo enkulu. Oomatshini banika ingxelo kwi-Foundry. Umzekelo, ukuba bahlala befumana amabala aqinileyo kwiflange ethile xa kusetyenzwa, oko kunokubonisa umba wokupholisa wendawo okanye ukufakwa kwe-slag ekugaleleni. Le ngxelo ivaliweyo ixabiseke kakhulu ekuphuculeni inkqubo. Ihambisa ulawulo lomgangatho ukusuka kuhlolo olusulungekileyo ukuya kuthintelo olusebenzayo.
Senze uthotho lwemizimba yevalvu ngentsimbi ephindwe kabini. I-castings iphumelele uhlolo olubonakalayo kunye ne-dimensional. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lomsebenzi ojongene nawo kwi-lathe ye-CNC, isixhobo siya kuthetha ngokukhawuleza kwaye sinxibe ngokugqithiseleyo kwindawo enye yendawo nganye. Kuye kwajika kwaba lutshintsho olungephi kwinkqubo yokomisa iqokobhe olukhokelele ekushinyeni kancinci, umaleko weceramic oqina kulo mmandla, obangele ukupholisa okukhawulezileyo kunye notshintsho lwasekhaya kulwakhiwo oluncinci lwesinyithi. Ulungiso lwalungekho kwiiparamitha zomatshini; yayibuyele kwigumbi lokomisa, ilinganisa umoya ojikeleze imithi yewax. Ngaphandle kwaloo mbono idityanisiweyo, uya kuhlala uvutha ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokusika kwaye utyhola izinto.
Ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo: Akukhona nje malunga neMetal
Xa abantu bethetha ngezinto zokuphosa, bagxininise kwisinyithi: intsimbi etyhidiweyo, isinyithi sekhabhoni, i-stainless, i-alloys engaqhelekanga. Kodwa incoko yezinto eziphathekayo iqala kwangethuba. Ifomula ye-wax kufuneka ihambelane ne-ceramic slurry. I-ceramic kufuneka ingasebenzi ngokwekhemikhali kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo. Ukugalela isinyithi esisebenzayo njenge-titanium okanye i-alloy ye-aluminiyam ephezulu ifuna iinkqubo ze-ceramic ezahlukileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo zisekelwe kwi-yttria) kunokugalela intsimbi. Ukusebenzisa i-refractory engalunganga kukhokelela ekuphenduleni kweekhemikhali kujongano, ukonakalisa umphezulu ogqityiweyo kwaye kunokubangela ukusilela kweqokobhe.
Kwi-nickel kunye ne-cobalt-based superalloys i-QSY ihlala isebenza kunye, iimpawu zokwandiswa kwe-thermal kwiqokobhe le-ceramic zibaluleke kakhulu. Ezi alloys zigalelwa kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo kwaye zinemikhwa ethile yokuqina. Iqokobhe kufuneka limelane noxinzelelo lwe-thermal ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ukusabela, kwaye kufuneka livumele umqobo owaneleyo ukuthintela ukugqwetheka kodwa hayi kakhulu kangangokuba ibangele ukukrazuka okushushu. Sisenzo sokulungelelanisa esichazwa yinzululwazi yezinto eziphathekayo, hayi ubugcisa kuphela.
Nangaphakathi kwentsimbi, ibakala libalulekile kulungiselelo lwenkqubo. Intsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi efana ne-1020 ilulwelo kwaye kulula ukuyijula kodwa inokuthamba ekwenzeni oomatshini. Ikhabhoni ephezulu okanye intsimbi yesixhobo inzima ukuyiphosa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kodwa ibambe umngcipheko. Lonke utshintsho lwemathiriyeli luthetha ukuphinda ujonge iiparamitha zokutofa kwewax, ixesha lokumisa iqokobhe, umjikelo wokutshiswa, kunye nobushushu bokugalela. Ayikho iresiphi jikelele. Olu lulwazi oluqokelelweyo, oluhlala lungabhalwanga phantsi, olwahlula ivenkile yemisebenzi kwiingcali zokwenyani. Ungafumana enye yeendlela zabo kwezi zibini zenkqubo yezinto eziphathekayo ezichazwe kwiinkcazo zenkqubo kwindawo yazo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ebonisa ukuqonda okusebenzayo, kunokuba kube yithiyori kuphela, intsimi.
Ekugqibeleni: Yinkqubo
Ngoko, ukuphosa i-wax elahlekileyo, okanye utyalo mali, asilonyathelo nje elinye. Yinkqubo edibeneyo. Isiphene kwisitofu se-wax sinokungabonakali de kube yimachine. I-hiccup ekomisweni kweqokobhe inokonakalisa ukugalela. Uyilo oluqaqambileyo lokungena lunokungahoywa yiqondo lobushushu elingabalwa kakuhle. Ubuhle kunye nokuphazamiseka kwayo kulele kolu nxibelelwano. Awuyilawuli inkqubo; ulawula uthotho lweziganeko apho ikhonkco ngalinye lixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumandla angaphambili.
Injongo asikokufikelela kwimfezeko yobugcisa kwisiqwenga esinye—nangona oko kunokwenzeka. Kwimeko yoshishino njengeQSY's, injongo iyaphinda-phinda, inokuthenjwa, kwaye ichaneke ngokwezoqoqosho kumakhulu okanye amawaka eenxalenye. Kumalunga nokulawula iinguqu kwinkqubo egcweleyo. I-wax ilahlekile, kodwa izifundo eziphuma kuyo yonke into engaphumeleliyo, yonke indawo engafezekanga, yonke into emangaliswe ngumatshini, yinto efakwe kwiinkqubo zokusebenza eziqhelekileyo zevenkile. Leyo yimveliso yangempela yenkqubo: kungekhona nje iinxalenye zetsimbi, kodwa ulwazi olusulungekileyo.
Ukuhamba kwindawo enesiseko, ubona umjikelo kuyo yonke indawo: iiracks zewax ziyadityaniswa, iitanki ezinodaka ziyagquma, iziko elivuthayo, oomatshini be-CNC bayancwina. Kumdaka, kushushu, kwaye kugcwele iminxeba yomgwebo. Isicwangciso sisiqalo nje. Okunye konke malunga nokuziva kwe-wax, ukubukeka kwe-slurry, isandi sokuthulula, kunye nempendulo evela kwivenkile yomatshini. Leyo yinyani yewax elahlekileyo elahla iphepha lencwadi yesifundo kunye nomgangatho wefektri.
