Masikhulume iqiniso, lapho abantu abaningi bezwa 'ukuphonswa kwengcina okulahlekile,' babona ngeso lengqondo ingcweti eyingwazi ithela ngokucophelela isiliva elincibilikisiwe esikhunjeni esisamende ukuze ithole ucezu lobucwebe. Lokho akulona iphutha, kodwa ikona elincane, elicishe libe lelothando lokuthi le nqubo iyini ngempela emhlabeni wezimboni. Igama ngokwalo, ukukhishwa kwensimbi ye-wax elahlekile, noma ukusakaza kwe-investimenti ngokunembe kakhudlwana, kuvame ukwenziwa lula kakhulu. Inselele yangempela akukhona nje ukuncibilika kwensimbi nokulahlekelwa ingcina; kumayelana nokulawula lonke iketango-kusuka kuphethini ye-wax yokuqala ukuya ekwelashweni kokushisa kokugcina-ukufeza ukubekezelelana nobuqotho bezinto ezinye izinqubo ezingakwazi ukuthinta. Kulapho ubuciko buhlangana khona ne-metallurgy engathetheleli.
I-Wax iyisiqalo nje, futhi ibuhlungu bekhanda
Wonke umuntu uyazifela ngensimbi, kodwa iphethini ye-wax yilapho uwina noma ulahlekelwa umsebenzi. Imingcele yomjovo we-wax-izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, isikhathi sokuhlala-yilawula yonke into. Kushisa kakhulu, futhi i-wax incipha ngendlela eyinqaba, okubangela i-warpage ebonakala kuphela ngemva kokwakha igobolondo le-ceramic. Kubanda kakhulu, futhi uthola ukuphindaphindeka okungalungile kwendawo, mhlawumbe nemigqa egelezayo. Ngibone izitolo, ezinhle, zilahla amaqoqo wonke ngoba azizange zibale umswakama okhona othinta ukuziphatha kwe-wax ngalolo suku. Kuyinto ephilayo, ngokungagwegwesi.
Bese uba nomhlangano ube yizihlahla ze-wax. Lona umsebenzi wezandla, wamakhono. Awugcini nje ngokunamathisela izingxenye; unjiniyela isistimu yokungena. I-sprue, ama-runner, nama-ingates kufanele aklanywe ukuvumela insimbi ukuthi igcwalise isikhunta ngokuphelele futhi iqine ngendlela eqondile ukuze kuncishiswe ukushwabana kwe-porosity. Yenza lokhu kungalungile, futhi uzoba nabalingiswa abahle, abanobukhulu obuphelele obunokukhubazeka kwangaphakathi okuhlulekayo ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi ye-pump impeller yensimbi engagqwali eyi-duplex lapho kwakudingeka simise kabusha amasango izikhathi ezintathu ukuze kuqedwe indawo eshisayo eqhubekayo eyayibangela imifantu emincane.
Lesi sigaba yilapho okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-Foundry kumemeza khona. Inkampani efana I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), ngeminyaka yabo engamashumi amathathu emdlalweni, bebezoba nesayensi lokhu. Awukwazi ukukhohlisa lolo hlobo lwenkumbulo yenqubo. Kusezandleni zezisebenzi ezihlanganisa izihlahla, zazi kahle ukuthi ingakanani ingcina engasetshenziselwa uphawu ngaphandle kokudala ibhuloho elichitha amagobolondo kamuva. Ukugxila kwabo isikhathi eside ukutshala imali kusho ukuthi babone yonke imodi yokwehluleka kwe-wax ongayicabanga.
Ukwakha Igobolondo: Isikhumba Sobumba, Ungqimba Ngohlaka
Inqubo yokwakha igobolondo ilula ngokukhohlisa ephepheni: cwilisa isihlahla se-wax ku-ceramic slurry, i-stucco ngesihlabathi, yiyeke yome, phinda. Kodwa udeveli usemininingwaneni. I-viscosity ye-slurry kufanele igadwe njalo-ishintsha izinga lokushisa futhi njengoba impahla ihwamuka. Ijazi lokuqala, ijazi lobuso, libaluleke kakhulu. Isebenzisa ufulawa we-zircon ocwebe kakhulu noma into efanayo ukuze ithwebule yonke imininingwane eyodwa. Uma leli jazi lingcolisiwe noma lisetshenziswa ngokungalingani, indawo yokugcina yokulingisa izoba nomgodi noma ibe mahhadlahhadla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wenzani kamuva.
Izendlalelo ezilandelayo zengeza amandla. Usuka kusituko esihle uye ezintweni ezimahhadla. Indawo yokomisa ibalulekile; ngokushesha okukhulu futhi igobolondo liyaqhekeka ngenxa yengcindezi yangaphakathi, kancane kakhulu futhi ubeka engcupheni yokukhula kwesikhunta noma ukuwohloka. Ezimweni zezulu ezinomswakama, lokhu kuyimpi eqhubekayo. Sasivame ukusebenzisa ama-dehumidifiers angu-24/7 emakamelweni okomisa ngesikhathi semvula. Ungqimba ngalunye kufanele lome ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokucwiliswa okulandelayo, ngaphandle kwalokho, ubamba umswakama ophenduka umusi ngesikhathi sesiteji sokukhipha i-waxing futhi uqhekeze igobolondo kusukela ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngike ngaqhuma igobolondo ku-autoclave—isiphithiphithi esimangalisayo, esibizayo—ngoba saphuthumisa ukomiswa kungqimba lwesithathu.
Ugqinsi lwegobolondo lokugcina luwucingo lokwahlulela. Okushubile kunamandla kokusakazwa okukhulu, kodwa futhi kusho izinto eziningi zokushisa, okuthinta izinga lokupholisa lensimbi. Ezingxenyeni ezinezindonga ezincane, udinga igobolondo eliqine ngokwanele ukuze ubambe ingcindezi eguquguqukayo yensimbi kodwa hhayi enkulu kakhulu okubangela ukugodola. Ibhalansi oyifunda kumaqoqo awonakele.
Ukukhipha Iwaxisi Nokudubula: Iphuzu Lokungabuyi
Lena ingxenye elahlekile. Awukwazi ukubuyisela ingcina. Izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko i-autoclave (umusi) kanye nomlilo we-flash. I-Autoclave ithambile kugobolondo, isebenzisa isitimu esinomfutho ophezulu ukuze incibilike futhi ikhiphe i-wax. Kodwa kufanele uqoqe i-wax—iyakwazi ukugaywa kabusha, futhi esitolo esinevolumu ephezulu lokho kuwukonga okukhulu kwezindleko. Ukudubula kwe-flash yilokho nje: ukunamathisela igobolondo esithandweni ukuze ushise i-wax. Kuyashesha, kodwa ukushaqeka okushisayo kungaqhekeza amagobolondo abuthakathaka, futhi ulahlekelwe ingcina.
Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-dewax, ushiywe ngesikhunta se-ceramic esingenalutho. Ibukeka intekenteke, kodwa ayikaxoshwa. Isiteji sokudubula, esingaba ngu-1000 ° C, sifaka izinhlayiya ze-ceramic ndawonye, zakha isikhunta esiqinile, esiqinile samakhemikhali esilungele insimbi. Lokhu kudubula kuphinde kushise noma yiziphi izinsalela zokugcina ze-wax nomswakama. Isikhunta kufanele sithelwe sisashisa, ngokuvamile siphuma esithandweni. Ukuthela esikhunjeni esibandayo kubangela ukuqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokungahambi kahle. I-logistics lapha iwumdanso—ukuvumelanisa isithando somlilo sincibilikisa insimbi nesithando somlilo siqhumisa isikhunta.
Thela Nokuza Ngemva kwalokho
Ukuthela kuzwakala njengovuthondaba, kodwa kuphelile ngemizuzwana. Okwama-alloys afana ne-nickel-based noma i-cobalt-based superalloys-izinto QSY ibala njengento ekhethekile—umkhathi ubalulekile. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-vacuum noma endaweni evikelayo ye-argon ukuvimbela i-oxidation. Ubhekene nezinsimbi ezisebenza ngendlela emangalisayo emazingeni okushisa athululwayo. Ukuvuza okuncane ohlelweni lwe-vacuum kungonakalisa ukushisa kwempahla ebiza izinkulungwane.
Bese ulinda. Igobolondo kufanele liphole ngaphambi kokuthi ulihlephule. Leli zinga lokupholisa liyingxenye yokwelapha ukushisa kwamanye ama-alloys. Uma sekupholile, uphula igobolondo ngezando, amatafula adlidlizayo, noma ngisho namajethi amanzi anomfutho omkhulu. Osekusele isihlahla sensimbi, ama-casting akho agqitshwe obishini lwamasango nabagijimi. Inqubo yokungqongqoza kufanele ibe nolaka ngokwanele ukuze isuse i-ceramic kodwa ingabi nodlame kakhulu ilimaza izingxenye zokuphonsa ezincane.
Okulandelayo ukunqanyulwa. Ukukhipha izingxenye esihlahleni ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngamasaha abrasive noma manje, ngokuvamile, amabhandeshi e-CNC ngokunemba. Bese udlulela ekugayeni, ukuqhumisa isihlabathi, nokuqeda. Yilapho inzuzo ye-near-net-shape ye ukukhishwa kwensimbi ye-wax elahlekile kuyakhokha ngempela. Uma wenze konke ngendlela efanele, kunesitoko esincane esingeziwe esingasisusa. Kodwa uma iphethini yakho noma igobolondo belivaliwe, ochwepheshe bemishini bazokwazisa—ngokuzwakalayo.
Kungani Kusabalulekile Emhlabeni We-CNC
Ngomshini wesimanje wama-axis angu-5 we-CNC ukwazi kangaka, abantu bayabuza ukuthi kungani nizihlupha ngenqubo yokulingisa engcolile, enezinyathelo eziningi. Kuma-prototypes aphuma kanye, alungile—vele uwashicilele. Kodwa ngevolumu, kumajiyometri angaphakathi ayinkimbinkimbi (cabanga ngama-turbine blades aneziteshi zokupholisa zangaphakathi), noma ngezakhiwo ezithile zezinto ezibonakalayo, ukusakaza akunqobeki. Ivumela ukugeleza okusanhlamvu okulandela i-contour yengxenye, okungathuthukisa impilo yokukhathala. Ivamise ukusebenza kahle ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo kumajamo ayinkimbinkimbi kunomshini ovela kubhulokhi eqinile.
Futhi ngezingxenye ezizobona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukunemba kwemishini, njengezingxenye eziningi ezivela kumhlinzeki wesevisi egcwele njenge-QSY (isayithi labo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com igqamisa ukulingisa kwabo okuhlanganisiwe kanye CNC imishini amandla), kunengqondo ngokuphelele. Uphonsa ukuze uthole ifomu eliyisisekelo, eliyinkimbinkimbi elinezakhiwo ezinhle zezinto ezibonakalayo, bese umshini izindawo zokukhwelana ezibucayi nezimbobo zokubekezelela okuqinile. Kuyindlela eyingxube esebenzisa amandla awo yomibili imihlaba.
Inani langempela le-Foundry alikho nje ezintweni zokusebenza; kuselwazini oluqoqiwe lokuthi ungabhanqa kanjani umklamo nezinto ezifanele kanye nenqubo. Uma ubona inkampani eseyineminyaka engama-30, njengesingeniso sayo I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. iphakamisa, abagcini nje ngokuthengisa ama-castings. Bathengisa ukwahlulela ukuze bagweme izingibe ezicwilisa iphrojekthi—uhlobo lokwahlulela olutholakala kuphela ngokulungisa amagobolondo amaningi aphukile nokuhlaziya izakhi eziningi ezincane ezinesici. Yilokho ngempela othenga kukho nomuntu ovuthiwe ukutshala imali uzakwethu.
