Uma othile ethi 'isisekelo se-nickel', uhhafu wegumbi ucabanga ngezinjini zejethi, enye ingxenye icabanga ngento ebizayo, eyinkinga eyinkinga kakhulu kunalokho ekufanele. Iqiniso, njengenjwayelo, linamathele ndawana thize phakathi nendawo engcolile. Akuyona inhlamvu yomlingo, kodwa ukuyichitha njengokuthi 'ingabizi kakhulu' kuyindlela esheshayo yokugcina unengxenye ehlulekile. Inselele yangempela akukhona nje ukuyicacisa emdwebeni; kusezinqumweni ezincane eziyinkulungwane kusukela esitolo sokuncibilika kuya ephasini lokugcina lomshini.
Umbono Oyiphutha Obalulekile: Konke Kumayelana Nokushisa
Amashidi amaningi akhethekile ahola ngokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, futhi lokho akulona iphutha. Kodwa ukugxila kuphela kulawo mandla angu-1200 ° F kulapho amaphrojekthi aqala khona ukukhukhuleka. Ngibone imiklamo eshaya a isisekelo se-nickel ingxubevange efana ne-Inconel 718 ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa laliphezulu, lahluleka kuphela ukugqwala kokugqwala kwengcindezi okubangelwa i-chloride kumjikelezo ophansi, ongalindelekile wezinga lokushisa. Ingxubevange 'yayifaneleke ngokwedlulele' ekushiseni kodwa yayingafaneleki ngokwanele endaweni yangempela yamakhemikhali. Siyini isifundo? Iphrofayili eshisayo yisahluko sokuqala nje. Udinga yonke indaba yokugqwala kanye nemishini.
Bese kuba nenganekwane ye-weldability. Buza umakhi ukuthi angakwazi yini ukuyishisela, bazothi yebo. Kodwa ingabe bangakwazi ukuyishisela futhi benze indawo ethinteke ukushisa igcine izakhiwo oziklamele? Leyo ingxoxo ehlukile. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kokushisela kwalawa ma-alloys akusona isiphakamiso; kuvame ukuhluka phakathi kokuhlangana komsindo nokuqhekeka kwenkundla okulinde ukwenzeka. Lokhu sikufunde kabuhlungu kuphrojekthi ehlukahlukene eminyakeni edlule, sicabangela ukuthi i-PWHT evamile yomthengisi izokwanela. Akwenzekanga. Umjikelezo wokushisa wawuvaliwe, futhi sagcina sesine-oxidation yomngcele wokusanhlamvu ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Kulapho i-foundation yozakwethu nesipiliyoni somshini iba yinto engaxoxiswana ngayo. Akukhona ukuthenga ukusakaza; kumayelana nokuthenga inqubo elawulwayo. Inkampani efana I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ngeminyaka yabo engamashumi amathathu kugobolondo nokufaka utshalomali, uthola lokhu. Lapho kade uthela isisekelo se-nickel ama-alloys ngaleso sikhathi eside, wakhe umtapo wolwazi wemilando eshisayo, imiklamo yokufaka isango, namasu okuphakela aqondene nalezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo. Ungawathola ku https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Iphothifoliyo yabo ayilona nje uhlu lwezinto ezibonakalayo; irekhodi lezinkinga ezixazululiwe kuma-alloys e-cobalt ne-nickel.
Ukusuka ku-Melt kuya kuMachining: Abashayeli Bezindleko Zangempela
Ake sikhulume ngomshini, ngoba kulapho amabhajethi aphuma igazi buthule. Abantu babheka izindleko zempahla eluhlaza ngekhilo ngalinye bese behefuzela. Bese bethola isilinganiso sokuqala somshini bese behefuzela. Isisekelo se-nickel ama-alloys afana ne-Hastelloy X noma i-Waspaloy asebenza kanzima njengenye into. Ithuluzi elibuthuntu noma izinga lokuphakelayo elinamahloni alimane likubambezele; idala isikhumba esiqinile esenza ukuthi okulandelayo kudlule kube nzima, okungase konakalise ingxenye.
Iqhinga liwukuhlukumeza, okuzwakala kungenangqondo. Udinga i-carbide ebukhali, ye-premium-grade, ukuqina okuphezulu ekusetheni kwakho, futhi udinga ukungena ngaphansi kwalolo ngqimba oluqinile lomsebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukusikeka okulula, okuskimming kuyizitha. Sake sazama ukonga ekusetshenzisweni kwamathuluzi enqwaba yamabakaki e-Alloy 625, sisebenzisa okufakwe phansi kancane. Isikhathi somjikelezo siphindwe kabili, sashisa ngokuphindwe kathathu okufakiwe, futhi ukuqedwa okungaphezulu kwakungamukelekile. 'Ukonga' kusibize kakhulu ngesikhathi somshini nokusebenza kabusha.
Yingakho izitolo ezihlanganisiwe zinomkhawulo. Uma inkampane efanayo esakaza ingxenye iphinde iyifake kuma-CNC ayo, isivele isilungiselele isibonelelo sokuqala sesitoko. Bayazi kahle isimo sobuso bezingxenye zabo ezisakazwayo. Akukho ukukhomba ngomunwe phakathi kwe-Foundry nesitolo somshini uma ithuluzi liqhuma. Kwa-QSY, ukulingisa kwabo okuhlanganisiwe kanye CNC imishini amandla kusho ukuthi bacabanga ngokusikwa kokugcina ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuklama isikhunta. Lokho kuqondanisa kuyigugu ekulawuleni ingxenye yokugcina yezindleko.
Ingxubevange Ngaphakathi Kwengxubevange: Trace Elements Matter
Ukucacisa i-Inconel 718 kuyisiqalo nje. Ingabe i-AMS 5662? I-AMS 5663 Umehluko usebangeni elivumelekile le-aluminium, i-titanium, ne-niobium. Lezo zingxenye ezimbalwa zeshumi zamaphesenti zisho impendulo yokuguga namandla okugcina. Kuhlelo lokusebenza lobuqotho obuphezulu, awuthengi ijenerikhi engu-718; uthenga ikhemistri encibilikayo ethile kanye nombiko wokwelashwa okushisa oqinisekisiwe.
Ngikhumbula enye indawo yomhlinzeki ecishe yavala ukusebenza. Ingxenye yaqinisekiswa njenge-718, kodwa bekungukuncibilika okuncane kwe-spec okwenzelwe ukuqina, hhayi ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ebesikudinga. Idlulise imishini yezinga lokushisa ekamelweni, kodwa ngaphansi komthwalo ku-1000 ° F, izinga lokukhuphuka lalingaphandle kokucaciswa. Ukuhlaziywa kokwehluleka kulandelele emuva kusilinganiso se-Al/Ti. Manje, sihlala sicacisa i-AMS eqondile noma ikhodi yokuncibilika yobunikazi futhi sifuna izitifiketi zokugaya ezibonisa ikhemistri yangempela, hhayi nje ukuthi 'kungaphakathi kokucaciswa'.
Leli zinga lokulandeleka liyisisekelo sanoma yimuphi umphakeli obalulekile. Kuwuhlangothi oluyisicefe, olunzima lwamaphepha lokusebenza nalo isisekelo se-nickel ama-alloys ahlukanisa izingxenye ezisebenza kulezo ezihluleka ngokuthula. Isistimu yekhwalithi ye-Foundry ayisona isici somqondisi; iyithuluzi lokukhiqiza.
Kufanele Uyisebenzise Nini (Futhi Uhamba Nini)
Okungcono kakhulu isisekelo se-nickel isicelo engake ngasebenza kuso kwakuyisethi yama-thermowells eyunithi ye-catalytic reformer. Indawo ezungezile yayiyi-hydrogen sulfide, i-hydrogen enengcindezi ephezulu, namazinga okushisa ama-cyclic afika ku-950°F. Insimbi engagqwali yayizogqwala noma iqhume ngemva kwezinyanga. Imithombo ye-Inconel 600 yahlala iminyaka. Izimo zihambisana kahle nekhono lengxubevange: ukugqwala okukhulu kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Okubi kakhulu kwakuwubakaki besakhiwo endaweni eyonakalisayo kancane, ne-ambient-temperature yokugeza. Iklayenti lalinayo 'i-nickel alloy' ezingeni layo lezingxenye ezibucayi futhi lenqaba ukunyakaziswa. Sasebenzisa i-Alloy 276. Yasebenza ngokungenasici, kodwa izindleko zazingenangqondo. Insimbi engagqwali eyi-super duplex ibingenza umsebenzi ngengxenye yesithathu yenani. Ungavumeli incazelo ethile ibe inkolo. Hlola indawo yesevisi yangempela kuqala.
Lesi ukwahlulela okusebenzayo okuvela ngokubona lezi zingxenye enkonzweni. Akukhona nje ngalokho okwenziwa ingxubevange; kumayelana nokuthi amakhono ayo ahlukile ayadingeka yini emsebenzini. Kwesinye isikhathi, umnyakazo ongochwepheshe kakhulu uwukuncoma impahla eshibhile, efaneleke kakhulu.
Ikusasa Akuwona Nje Ama-alloys Amasha
Kuningi ukuduma mayelana ne-powder metallurgy entsha isisekelo se-nickel ama-superalloys, futhi ahlaba umxhwele. Kodwa ezinhlelweni eziningi zezimboni, izinzuzo ezinkulu zisekwethembekeni kwenqubo nokuklanywa kokwenziwa. Singakwazi yini ukuklama isiteshi sokupholisa esiyinkimbinkimbi sibe ukulingisa ukuze sigweme ukuhlangana okuqinile? Singakwazi yini ukulungisa irediyasi ye-fillet ukuze sisuse isinyathelo somshini kanye nesigxininisi sokucindezeleka?
Ukubambisana phakathi kokuklama nokukhiqiza kufanele kuqine. Ukuthumela umdwebo oqediwe, ongeke ukwazi ukuphonswa ku-Foundry futhi ucele ukucaphuna kuyisiqalo esibi. Ukubandakanya uzakwethu wezobuchwepheshe ofana ne-QSY kusenesikhathi, lapho idizayini isamanzi, ibavumela ukuthi baphakamise ukuguqulwa kokuzwakala nomsindo. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ngaphesheya insimbi, insimbi, futhi ama-alloys akhethekile ibanika umbono obanzi wokuthi yini eyinselele ehlukile ngomsebenzi wesisekelo se-nickel.
Ekugcineni, ukusebenza ngempumelelo ngalezi zinto kumayelana nokuhlonipha ubunkimbinkimbi bazo ngaphandle kokusatshiswa yikho. Kuyinhlanganisela yesayensi eqinile—ukuhlola lezo zitifiketi zokugaya, ukuqina kokumodela—futhi cishe nomuzwa wobuciko wesitezi sesitolo, njengokwazi umsindo oqondile okufanele ithuluzi liwenze lapho lisika i-Inconel ngendlela efanele. Lokho kuhlanganiswa yikho okuguqula into enzima ibe yisixazululo esithembekile.
