Lokacin da kuka ji 'Incoloy 825', abu na farko da yakan zo a hankali shine 'juriya na lalata' - kuma hakan daidai ne, amma kuma ɗan tarko ne. A fagen, musamman ga shaguna irin namu da ke sarrafa simintin gyare-gyare da gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare, suna iya haifar da wuce gona da iri. Ba wai harsashin sihiri ba ne don sabis na tsami ko acid nitric; halayensa a lokacin masana'anta, tun daga tushe zuwa injin CNC, yana bayyana ƙimar sa na gaske. Na ga ƙira da yawa da yawa suna ƙayyadad da shi ta hanyar karkata, ba tare da la'akari da gaskiyar ƙirƙira ba. Babban abun da ke tattare da nickel-chromium-molybdenum-jan karfe yana ba shi wannan kyakkyawan rami da juriya lalata lalata, amma wannan girke-girke ya sa ya zama dabba daban don aiki tare da daidaitaccen 316L. Wannan tazara ce tsakanin takaddar bayanai da taron bita wanda na ga mafi mahimmanci.
Daga Narkewa zuwa Mold: Yin Casting Incoloy 825 Ba Madaidaici bane
Kwarewar tushen mu, musamman tare da ƙirar harsashi da tsarin simintin saka hannun jari da muke gudanarwa Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ya koya mana cewa nickel gami kamar Farashin 825 neman girmamawa daga mataki na farko. Tsarin narkewa yana da mahimmanci. Ba za ku iya samun abubuwan tagulla ba; ko da ɗan gubar gubar ko sulfur na iya lalata aiki mai zafi. Muna kula da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin kayan shafa na caji, galibi muna amfani da juzu'i mai girma da gaurayawan kayan budurwa don sarrafa sinadarai tam. Manufar ita ce buga wannan wuri mai dadi: Ni ~ 42%, Cr ~ 21.5%, Mo ~ 3%, Cu ~ 2.2%, da ƙari na Ti. Yi kuskure, kuma kaddarorin lalata da kuke biyan ƙila ba su kasance a wurin ba.
Siffar ƙarfafawa wani batu ne. Ba shine mafi yawan ruwan gawa ba idan aka zuba. A cikin simintin saka hannun jari, dole ne mu daidaita yanayin zafi mai zafi a kan harsashi na yumbu da tweak na zubo ma'auni don guje wa ɓarna a cikin sassan bakin ciki ko hawaye masu zafi a cikin mafi nauyi. Yana da aikin daidaitawa – yayi zafi sosai, kuma kuna haɗarin haɓakar hatsi da yawa da raguwar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta; yayi sanyi sosai, kuma cikar bai cika ba. Wannan ba wani abu bane da kuke koya daga littafin jagora; yana tarawa ta hanyar gwaji kuma, a zahiri, wasu tarkace masu tsada tsawon shekaru. Mun taɓa samun nau'ikan jikin bawul waɗanda ke nuna ƙananan porosity a ƙarƙashin duban rediyo, wanda aka samo shi zuwa ɗan ƙaramin zafin da aka zuba wanda yayi kama da kyau ga ƙarfe na carbon amma ya wuce layin 825.
Maganin zafi da aka yi bayan simintin ba zai yiwu ba. Tsarin simintin simintin gyare-gyare ba shi da daidaituwa kuma an ɗora shi da saura damuwa. Madaidaicin sake zagayowar warware matsalar, yawanci a kusa da °F yana biye da saurin kashewa, yana da mahimmanci don narkar da matakai na biyu da fitar da daidaitaccen tsarin austenitic. Tsallake wannan ko samun yanayin tanderu ba daidai ba (oxidizing vs. kariya) na iya barin ɓangaren mai rauni zuwa harin intergranular daga baya. Mun daidaita bayanan tanderu kuma mun yi amfani da jadawalin rikodi don ayyuka masu mahimmanci - ita ce hanya ɗaya tilo don tabbatar da daidaito.
Ciwon kai na Machining: Inda Ka'idar ta Haɗu da Hanyar Kayan aiki
Idan simintin gyare-gyaren yana buƙatar kulawa, inji Farashin 825 shine inda ainihin ƙalubalen ya fara don kantin CNC. Wannan shi ne inda mu hadedde model a QSY yana nuna darajar sa. Ba za ku iya jefa daidaitaccen shirin bakin karfe kawai a kai ba. Alloy yana aiki da sauri da ƙarfi. Ƙarar daɗaɗɗen abin sakawa ko ƙarancin abinci zai haifar da tauri mai tauri a ƙarƙashin yanke, yin jahannama ta gaba akan kayan aikin da yuwuwar yin lahani ga ingancin sashin.
Zaɓin kayan aiki shine komai. Mun matsa kusan na keɓance zuwa ƙwararrun ƙirar carbide mai ƙima tare da ƙwararrun kayan shafa (tushen AlTiN galibi yana aiki da kyau) don roughing da ƙarewa. Kyakkyawan rake geometries dole ne don rage yanke ƙarfi da taurin aiki. Coolant ba kawai don sanyaya ba; mai mai ne don taimakawa guntu ta zamewa. Muna amfani da babban matsi, tsarin sanyaya kayan aiki ta kayan aiki don tabbatar da cewa ya kai matakin yankewa. Na tuna wani aiki na sarrafa manyan casings na famfo inda muka fara amfani da daidaitattun sigoginmu don bakin karfe mai duplex. Mun wuce saiti uku na abubuwan da aka saka a cikin motsi ɗaya. Gyaran? An jefar da SFM da kusan 25%, yana ƙara ciyar da kowane haƙori, kuma ya tabbatar da tsauri a cikin saitin. Ba zato ba tsammani, abubuwan da aka saka sun daɗe da cikakken motsi, kuma ƙarshen farfajiya ya inganta sosai.
Hakowa da taɓo abubuwa ne na musamman. Peck hakowa wajibi ne, tare da cikakken ja da baya don share kwakwalwan kwamfuta da karya da aiki-hardening sake zagayowar. Don bugawa, sau da yawa muna ƙididdige famfo masu karkace da aka ƙera don ƙaƙƙarfan kayan aiki da amfani da abinci na daidaitawa akan CNC don guje wa walƙar guntu. Yana da hankali, ƙarin aiki na tsari. Ƙididdigar tattalin arziƙin yana canzawa daga haɓaka lokacin aikin injin zuwa haɓaka rayuwar kayan aiki da ingancin sashi. Gaggawa hanya ce tabbatacciya ta asarar kuɗi akan sassa da aka goge da lalata kayan aiki.
Welding and Fabrication: The Joining Puzzle
Yayin da jigon mu a https://www.tsingtaocnc.com yana yin simintin gyare-gyare da injina, mukan samar da abubuwan da ake buƙata don haɗa su cikin manyan sassa na walda. Don haka, fahimtar weldability wani ɓangare ne na sabis. Farashin 825 an dauke weldable, amma tare da manyan caveats. Makullin shine hana hazo carbide a cikin yankin da zafi ya shafa (HAZ).
Kullum muna ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙarfe masu daidaitawa, kamar ERNiFeCr-1 ko ENiFeCr-1 lantarki. Ba a yawan buƙatar zafin zafin jiki ba, amma sarrafa zafin jiki na tsaka-tsaki yana da mahimmanci - kiyaye shi ƙasa da 150 ° C yana taimakawa. Babban kuskuren da muka ga abokan ciniki suna yin amfani da hanyoyin shigar da zafi iri ɗaya da suke amfani da su don ƙarfe carbon. Wannan ita ce tabbatacciyar hanya don ƙirƙirar HAZ mai fa'ida, mai hankali. Ƙunƙarar shigarwar zafi, beads masu kirtani, da saurin sanyaya su ne abokan walda 825. Maganin zafi bayan walda ba abu ne na al'ada ba sai dai idan kuna buƙatar kawar da damuwa don kwanciyar hankali mai girma a cikin sabis mai tsanani, amma idan kun yi, ya dawo ga wannan yanayin sake zagayowar anneal.
Batu ɗaya mai amfani shine nau'in walda iri ɗaya. Haɗuwa da 825 zuwa ƙarfe na carbon abu ne na gama gari don kayan saƙa ko nozzles. Anan, kuna buƙatar Layer na man shanu, yawanci tare da filler nickel alloy, don hana ƙaurawar carbon daga karfe zuwa 825, wanda zai iya haifar da yanki mai gatsewa. Daki-daki ne wanda ke da sauƙin mantawa akan zane amma bala'i a cikin sabis.
Maye gurbin kayan aiki da isasshiyar tarko
A cikin ayyuka masu tsada, koyaushe akwai matsa lamba don yin la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka. Wani lokaci, ana ba da shawarar 316L tare da ƙarin Mo, ko alloy 20. Wannan shine inda zaɓin kayan ya zama na gaske. A gare mu, ba batun sunadarai ba ne kawai; game da ambulaf ɗin wasan kwaikwayo ne.
Alloy 20 yana da mafi kyawun juriya na sulfuric acid amma ba shi da ƙarfi a cikin mahallin chloride kamar Farashin 825. Hastelloy C-276 ya fi oxidizing chlorides amma ya zo a farashi mafi girma. Matrix na yanke shawara ya haɗa da ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar ion, zafin jiki, pH, da kasancewar ma'aikatan oxidizing. An kawo mana sassan da suka gaza da wuri saboda wani ya musanya irin wannan gami ba tare da cikakkiyar fahimtar yanayin sabis ba - galibi tsarin ruwa mai sanyaya wanda ke da chlorides da ba a zato ko rafin tsari tare da burbushin fluorides wanda 825 ke sarrafa mafi kyau.
Matsayinmu sau da yawa yakan zama shawara. Abokin ciniki zai iya aiko mana da takamammen bayani don bangaren 825. Ta hanyar tattauna ainihin aikace-aikacen - yanayin zafi, kafofin watsa labarai, hawan hawan matsa lamba - za mu iya wasu lokuta inganta zaɓin ko, a wasu lokuta da ba kasafai, ba da shawarar wani abu mafi inganci mai tsada idan yanayin ya kasance mai sauƙi. Amma sau da yawa fiye da a'a, idan ƙayyadaddun ya kira 825, akwai kyakkyawan dalili mai tsanani. Sauya makance hanya ce mai sauri zuwa gazawar filin.
Tabbacin Inganci: Hanyar Takarda Sashe ne na Samfurin
Tare da wani abu kamar wannan, takardar shaidar yarda ba tsari bane; jigon abin da ake iya bayarwa. Mu ne tushen mu Farashin 825 daga mashahuran masana'anta kuma galibi suna yin tabbaci na biyu. Daidaitaccen aiki don mahimman abubuwan haɗin gwiwa shine aika takardar kuɗi daga zafi ɗaya zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje na ɓangare na uku don cikakken nazarin sinadarai mai jika. Me yasa? Saboda certs na niƙa yawanci daga binciken ladle ne. Ƙimar samfurin ƙarshe na iya canzawa kaɗan, kuma don 825, ɗan ƙaramin abun ciki na Ti ko C na iya zama mahimmanci.
NDT kuma an haɓaka. Don yin simintin gyare-gyare, muna yin gwajin shigar rini akai-akai don lahani. Don ɓangarorin da ke ɗauke da matsa lamba, gwajin hoto daidai ne. Sau da yawa ana bincika saman injina don taurin aiki ko tsagewa. Wannan QA mai tsauri ya samo asali ne daga gaskiyar cewa waɗannan sassa sukan shiga cikin tsarin inda gazawar ba wani zaɓi ba ne - kayan aikin teku, layin sarrafa sinadarai, masu sarrafa gurɓatawa. Kudin gazawar a cikin filin dwarfs farashin cikakken dubawa a gaba.
Wannan wayar da kan jama'a na ƙarshen amfani ne ke tsara tsarinmu gaba ɗaya. Tun daga lokacin Farashin 825 hannun jari ya isa wurinmu a Qingdao, har zuwa ƙarshen ƙwanƙwasa na ƙarshe, injin bawul ɗin da aka bincika ko injin famfo, kowane mataki ana sarrafa shi ta fahimtar cewa ba kawai ƙirar ƙarfe muke ba; muna ba da shinge ga wasu wuraren masana'antu mafi lalata a duniya. Wannan alhaki yana nuna saurin tafiya, kulawa, da takaici na lokaci-lokaci wanda ke zuwa tare da aiki tare da irin wannan kayan aiki mai ƙarfi amma mai buƙata.
