Lokacin da kuka ji 'ƙarfe gyare-gyaren foda' ko MIM, farar kai tsaye sau da yawa shine game da hadaddun sifofi, babban kundin, da sihirtaccen siffa. Amma da na kasance a kusa da sassan da suka fito daga layin da ke kan layi da kuma waɗanda ke shiga taron ƙarshe, koyaushe ina jin ainihin labarin ba alƙawarin ƙasidar ba ce. Yana cikin ƙarancin haƙuri yana riƙe da kayan aiki da ke ƙasa da 10mm, ko yaƙi da ɓarnawar ɓarna a cikin dogon ɓangaren kayan aikin fida. Da yawa suna ɗaukar shi azaman musanya kai tsaye don yin inji ko simintin saka hannun jari, wanda shine hanya mai sauri zuwa gaɓar ingantaccen tsari. Gaskiyar ita ce, MIM yana zaune a cikin nasa ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi lokacin da kuka fahimci yaren sa na kayan abinci, ƙarfin kore, da ɗimbin yawa, kuma sanannen rashin gafartawa idan ba haka ba.
Alloy Ba Takaddun Takaddun Takaddun Shaida ba Ne Kawai
Kuna samun zane mai kira don bakin karfe 17-4PH. Standard, dama? A ciki karfe foda allura gyare-gyare, anan ne bishiyar yanke shawara ta farko ta bayyana. Halin halittar foda-mai siffar zobe, kusa-spherical, tauraron dan adam wanda aka ɗora wa—yana tasiri kai tsaye yadda mai ɗaure ya jika shi, wanda hakan ke nuna ɗankowar abincin ku. Na ga ayyukan sun tsaya saboda foda, yayin da yake daidai da sinadarai, yana da ƙarancin famfo wanda ya haifar da al'amurran gyare-gyare, wanda ke haifar da ɓarna wanda kawai ya bayyana bayan an yi shi. Ba wai kawai game da sunadarai ba; yana game da halayen jiki na ƙayyadaddun foda na musamman daga mai sayarwa.
Wannan shine inda tushen faffadan aikin karfe ke da kima. Kamfanin kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), tare da shekarun da suka gabata a cikin simintin gyare-gyare da kuma CNC machining, zai sami wannan da fahimta. Sun san cewa kayan ba kawai takardar shaida ba ne; hali ne. Kwarewarsu tare da gami na musamman a cikin simintin saka hannun jari, kamar na tushen nickel, suna fassara zuwa zurfin fahimtar yadda irin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa za su iya raguwa da faɗuwa yayin aikin MIM. Wannan ilimin tsarin giciye shine zinari.
Kuma magana game da sintering, yanayi shine komai. Wani sashi na 316L da ke buƙatar juriya mai kyau na iya lalata shi ta hanyar ɗan ƙaramin yanayi mai wadatar carbon, ƙirƙirar chromium carbides kuma yana kashe sha'awar sa. Ba kawai kuna yin burodi ba; kuna gudanar da ingantaccen tsarin yada jita-jita a hankali. Ƙunƙarar tanderun wuta, wurin raɓa, kwararar iskar gas-kowane madaidaicin yana barin sawun yatsa akan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Yana da wani mataki da yawa sababbi suka raina, tunanin da wuya aiki ƙare bayan gyare-gyare.
Ƙarfafawa: Mai Tsaron Ƙofar Shiru
Idan na yi nuni zuwa lokaci guda inda mafi yawan ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce da ake yi a fuskar shuka, yana da iyaka. Yana da hankali, yana da ɓarna, kuma yana jin kamar tsarin riko. Amma ku hanzarta zagayowar zagayowar yanayin zafi don adana lokaci, kuma za ku sami blister ko fashe yayin da mai ɗaure ke ƙoƙarin fita da sauri fiye da yadda ramukan ke buɗewa. Darasi ne da aka koya. Bangaren kore bayan gyare-gyare yana da wannan ƙwaƙƙwaran ruɗi, amma galibin ɗaure yana riƙe waɗannan barbashi na ƙarfe a cikin tsattsauran ra'ayi.
Katalytic debinding ga wasu kayan abinci wani dabba ne. Yana buƙatar takamaiman acid da sarrafawa. Farashin saitin da sarrafawa ya sa ya zama ƙasa da gama gari ga ƙananan batches, wanda ke tura mutane zuwa hanyoyin zafi. Dole ne ku tsara sashin tare da kaurin bango iri ɗaya tun daga farko, ba kamar yadda ake tunani ba, don ba da damar cire maɗauri. Cibiya mai kauri kusa da bakin bakin ciki shine girke-girke na maida hankali da gazawa a wannan lokacin.
Na tuna wani ƙaramin ɓangaren haɗin haɗin gwiwa, watakila gram 5, wanda ya ci gaba da fashewa. Zane yana da haƙarƙarin kwaskwarima wanda ya ɗan fi kauri. Ba batun aiki ba ne, amma a cikin ƙaddamarwa, ya kasance kamar dam. Dole ne mu tweak bayanin martabar ramp ɗin zafi, ƙara sa'o'i zuwa zagayowar, kawai don wannan fasalin. Gaskiyar ita ce, sashin da aka tsara ya tsara tsarin gwargwadon yadda tsarin ya tsara sashin.
Inda MIM Ta Haƙiƙa Machining & Casting
Mu zama masu amfani. Don madaidaicin sashi mai ramuka uku, CNC machining ko ma stamping zai yi nasara akan farashi kowane lokaci. Wurin dadi don karfe foda allura gyare-gyare shine ɓangaren da zai buƙaci saitin injina da yawa, ayyuka na biyu, ko yana da geometries waɗanda ba za a iya yin su ba daga ƙaƙƙarfan haja. Yi la'akari da ɗan ƙaramin kashin dasa mai tare da hadaddun magudanar kwayoyin halitta da ƙulle-ƙulle, ko ɓangaren bindiga tare da tashoshi na ciki.
Wannan shine karo na farko tare da duniyar QSY. Suna yi harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa kuma zuba jari. Don girma, ƙananan sassa masu rikitarwa a cikin babban kundin, simintin gyare-gyare shine sarki. Amma lokacin da kuka saukar da abubuwan da aka gyara a ƙarƙashin, ka ce, gram 100, tare da cikakkun bayanai da ke buƙatar ± 0.3% haƙuri kamar yadda aka daidaita, MIM ta fara ja gaba. Ba kishiya ba ce; portfolio ne. Mai ƙira da ke ba da duka biyun sun fahimci kayan aikin da za a yi amfani da su don wane aikin. Sashin simintin saka hannun jari na iya buƙatar ƙarewar CNC mai ɗimbin yawa, yayin da ɓangaren MIM da aka aiwatar da kyau zai iya buƙatar ƙasa mai mahimmanci guda ɗaya kawai ko rami da aka sake gyarawa.
Daidaitaccen kayan abu shine wani nasara. Lokacin da kuka fara da kayan abinci na kama-da-wane, ɓangaren sintered yana da isotropic a cikin kayan aikin injin sa. Babu alƙawarin kwararar hatsi kamar na injina, babu haɗarin keɓancewar ramuka kamar a cikin simintin gyare-gyare idan gating ɗin bai cika ba. Ga wani ɓangaren da ke fuskantar matsin lamba mai yawa, wannan babban fa'idar ƙira ce.
Tunanin Kayan aiki: Ba Tsarin Filastik ba ne
Wannan tarko ne na gargajiya. Injiniyoyin da ke da gogewar alluran filastik suna duban MIM kuma suyi tunani, Za mu iya yin amfani da shi iri ɗaya. Rashin raguwa shine bambancin kisa. Ragewar filastik na iya zama 0.5-2%. MIM sintering shrinkage babban 15-20% ne, kuma ba daidai ba ne. Kuna zana rami na kayan aiki wanda shine ainihin sigar haɓakar ɓangaren ɓangaren ƙarshe, amma yanayin ƙima ba iri ɗaya bane a duk faɗin. Ya dogara da tattarawar barbashi yayin gyare-gyare da kuma kamewa yayin sintering.
Kayan kayan aiki shima ya bambanta. Wannan abincin foda mai ƙyalli na ƙarfe zai lalata ƙarfe na tsawon lokaci, musamman a cikin sasanninta da bakin ƙofofi. Kuna buƙatar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi na kayan aiki, gogewa mai kyau, kuma wani lokacin, kuna ƙira don ɗan gajeren rayuwar kayan aiki daga farkon don babban girma, shirin gyarawa. Kudin babban jari ne da ke buƙatar a ɗora shi daidai. Kayan aiki mai arha zai samar da arha, sassa marasa daidaituwa waɗanda suka gaza QC, ɓata duk kayan da aiwatar da farashi a ƙasa.
Fitar iska yana da mahimmanci kuma. Ba kawai kuna hulɗa da iska ba; kuna mu'amala da iska tana ƙoƙarin tserewa ta cikin madaidaicin gadon foda. Rashin isassun iska yana haifar da konewa, gajeriyar harbi, da bambancin yawa. Yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan cikakkun bayanai waɗanda kawai kuke koya ta ganin ƴan ɗaruruwan harbe-harbe da daidaita simintin gyare-gyare (waɗanda ke da wayo don foda) tare da ainihin lahani.
Haɗin kai da Sarkar Bayar da Kayan Duniya na Gaskiya
Don haka kun mallaki tsarin. Kuna iya yin kyakkyawan ɓangaren MIM, in-spec. Yanzu me? Yana da wuya ya shiga cikin injin. Ana taruwa. Anan ne roba ta hadu da hanya. Kayan aikin MIM na iya buƙatar yin raga tare da mashin injin CNC. Ƙarshen farfajiyar ɓangaren MIM mai as-sintered yana da kyau, amma ba koyaushe yana dacewa da hatimi mai ƙarfi ba. Kuna iya buƙatar tumble mai haske, ƙarewar girgiza, ko platin zaɓi.
Wannan shine ƙarfin cikakken mai bada sabis. Dubi samfurin QSY: suna da Injin CNC cikin gida. Wannan yana nufin za a iya karkatar da ɓangaren MIM, sannan a je kai tsaye zuwa tashar CNC don ɗaukar nauyi mai mahimmanci da za a riƙe don ƙarin juriya, ko kuma a niƙa fuskar datum don daidaita taro. Wannan haɗin kai na tsaye yana magance matsalar kashe-kashe ta yau da kullun tsakanin gidan MIM da kantin injin, inda juriyar juriya da jinkirin tsara lokaci ke kashe riba.
Kula da inganci kuma yana buƙatar wannan haɗaɗɗen ra'ayi. Ba wai kawai kuna yin cak na CMM akan ɓangaren da ba a so ba. Kuna yin gwaje-gwaje masu yawa (sau da yawa ta hanyar Archimedes), nazarin micrograph don porosity, da gwajin injina. Bayanai daga waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna ci gaba da komawa zuwa sigogin tanderun da aka yi amfani da su har ma da gaurayawan kayan abinci. Tsarin rufaffiyar madauki ne, kuma karya wannan madauki ta hanyar fitar da matakai masu mahimmanci galibi yana karya daidaito.
Tunani Na Ƙarshe: Tsari, Ba Panacea ba
Kunna wannan, karfe foda allura gyare-gyare ba harsashin sihiri ba ne. Tsari ne mai buƙata, babban jari wanda ke ba da lada mai zurfin fahimtar kimiyyar kayan abu da sarrafa tsari mai kyau. Ƙimar sa ba ta kasancewa zaɓi mafi arha ba, amma a kasancewa kaɗai zaɓi mai yuwuwa ga wani nau'in sassa. Kamfanonin da suka yi nasara tare da shi, a ganina, su ne waɗanda ba su gan shi a matsayin abin zamba ba, amma a matsayin kayan aiki guda ɗaya a cikin cikakkun kayan aikin masana'antu-kamar yadda QSY ke matsayi na simintin gyare-gyare, machining, kuma ta hanyar tsawo, m damar MIM tare.
Nan gaba? Yana cikin mafi kyawun foda don ingantacciyar ƙasa, cikin saurin rarrabuwar kawuna, da ƙarin ingantaccen software na siminti. Amma babban ƙalubalen ya kasance iri ɗaya ne: sarrafa tafiyar foda na ƙarfe daga sako-sako, kayan abinci masu gudana zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan ɓangaren ƙarfe mai inganci. Kowane mataki, daga ƙirar ƙira zuwa tanderun wuta, hanyar haɗi ce a cikin sarkar. Kuma kamar yadda kowane ma'aikaci ya sani, sarkar tana da ƙarfi kamar yadda aka fi fahimtar hanyar haɗin gwiwa.
Fili ne mai ban sha'awa daidai domin ba a taɓa warware shi ba. Kowane sabon juzu'i na lissafi, kowane sabon buƙatun gami, sabon wasan wasa ne. Kuma wannan shine abin da ke kiyaye shi daga kasancewa kawai wani layin samarwa-koyaushe ɓangaren kimiyya ne, fasaha na fasaha, da kuma yawan magance matsalar bene na kanti.
