Wina akati 'gawo lachitsulo', ambiri amaganiza za chotupa cholemera, chophwanyika, chakuda. Ndilo lingaliro lolakwika loyamba. Kwenikweni, wopangidwa bwino gawo lachitsulo ndi gawo la uinjiniya lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono, osankhidwa osati chifukwa chotsika mtengo koma chifukwa cha kunyowa kwake, kukana kuvala, inde, kutulutsa kwake pamawonekedwe ovuta. Chinyengo si kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo; ndikudziwa kuti ndi kalasi iti, chitsulo chotuwira, chitsulo chosungunula, chitsulo chosungunula, ndiyeno kuyang'ana zisankho zing'onozing'ono zana limodzi zomwe zimalekanitsa kachidutswa kakang'ono ndi kapamwamba kwambiri. Ndawona mapangidwe ambiri akulephera chifukwa adatchulapo 'cast iron' pachojambula ndikuchisiya.
Chifukwa chiyani Shell Molding Ndiwosintha Masewera a Precision Castings
Kuponya mchenga kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ichitike, koma kuti ibwerezedwe komanso kumaliza gawo lachitsulo magulu, zipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera nthawi zambiri unsung ngwazi. Mchenga wokutidwa ndi utomoni umapanga chipolopolo chopyapyala, cholimba kuzungulira patani, kukupatsani chibowolo cholondola kwambiri. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pazigawo zomwe zimafunikira ndalama zochepa zopangira makina. Tikulankhula za kupulumutsa maola pa CNC pambuyo pake. Pamalo athu, kutsamira kwambiri pakupanga zipolopolo za zinthu monga matupi a hydraulic valves kapena nyumba zopopera muchitsulo chotuwira, kusasinthika kuchokera pachigawo choyamba mpaka cha chikwi ndizomwe makasitomala amalipira. Zimachepetsa kusinthasintha mu ndondomeko yomwe ili kale yosinthika-yolemetsa.
Choipa chake? Makhalidwe. Ndi zitsulo, nthawi zambiri chitsulo kapena chitsulo, ndipo ndi okwera mtengo. Ngati mukujambula kapena mukupanga zidutswa makumi asanu, mtengo wake ukhoza kupha chuma cha polojekitiyi. Apa ndipamene muyenera kupanga chigamulo: idyani mtengo wa mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali, kapena mutsogolere kasitomala kunjira ina kwakanthawi kochepa. Si nthawi zonse kukambirana kophweka.
Ndikukumbukira ntchito ya kompresa bracket, yovuta kwambiri gawo lachitsulo ndi nthiti zina zamkati. Choyimira choyambirira chochokera ku mchenga wobiriwira chinali ndi zovuta zosinthika - ma cores amasuntha pang'ono, ndikuponya mabowo ofunikira. Tinasinthira ku chipolopolo cha zipolopolo kuti tiyambe kupanga. Chitsanzocho chinawononga ndalama zambiri, koma kuchotsedwa kwa ntchito yokonzanso pambuyo poponyera ndi kutaya zambiri kuposa kulungamitsidwa. Wothandizirayo ali ndi gawo lomwe limakhala lolunjika nthawi zonse. Ndiwo mtengo wobisika.
Kuvina Kwa Machining: Kumene Chiphunzitso Chimakumana ndi Chida Chodulira
Kuponya ndi theka chabe la nkhani. Kujambula kwaiwisi ndi blob yofanana ndi neti. Matsenga (ndi mtengo) amapezeka pamakina. Makina opangira zitsulo mokongola - ngati mumawalemekeza. Kapangidwe kake ka graphite kamagwira ntchito ngati mafuta, koma graphite yomweyi imapangitsa kuti ikhale yonyezimira. Mumadutsa zoikamo mofulumira kuposa ndi zitsulo. Chinsinsi chake ndi kuuma. Macheza aliwonse pa a gawo lachitsulo adzaphwanya m'mphepete, osati kuvala.
Timayendetsa ma CNC ambiri a Okuma ndi DMG MORI pano, ndipo pazitsulo, timayika patsogolo kukhazikika kwa makina kuposa kuthamanga kwenikweni. Coolant strategy ndi chinthu china. Masitolo ena amalumbirira ndi makina owuma achitsulo chotuwa; ena amagwiritsa ntchito nkhungu. Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito choziziritsira kusefukira kwamphamvu, osati kuziziritsa chodulidwa (tchipisi timanyamula kutentha kwambiri), koma kuwongolera fumbi. Fumbi lachitsulo chachitsulo ndi chinthu choyipa, ndipo kulisunga kuti lilowe mu kusefera sikungakambirane pachitetezo cha sitolo ndi moyo wautali wa makina.
Ndiye palinso kuchepetsa nkhawa. Kapena kusowa kwake. Vuto lalikulu ndikukonza gawo mutangoponya. Kupanikizika kwamkati kuchokera ku kuziziritsa kudzadzithandiza potsirizira pake, ndikusokoneza gawo lanu lopangidwa bwino. Pazovuta kwambiri, titha kugwiritsa ntchito ma cast okalamba - masheya omwe akhala miyezi ingapo - kapena timawatumiza kupyola mulingo wochepetsera kupsinjika kwa kutentha kusanathe. Zimawonjezera nthawi, koma ndi kusiyana pakati pa gawo lomwe likugwirizana ndi gawo lomwe limakanidwa pa QC ya kasitomala.
Kusankha Zinthu: Si Chitsulo Chabe
Kutchula zinthu ndipamene cholinga cha injiniya chimamasuliridwa. Iron imvi (monga Class 35 kapena 40) ndiyabwino pakuchepetsa kugwedezeka - lingalirani midadada ya injini kapena zida zamakina. Koma ndi brittle. Chitsulo chachitsulo, chokhala ndi nodular graphite, chimakhala ndi mphamvu zokhazikika komanso zina. Ndi za magawo omwe amawona kugwedezeka, monga magiya kapena zida zoyimitsidwa zolemetsa. Kusankha yolakwika ndi cholakwika chowopsa.
Tidagwira ntchito ndi kasitomala yemwe adapanga zida zaulimi zomwe zidagwira ntchito kwambiri ndikutchula mtundu wachitsulo wotuwa. Mayesero oyambirira a m'munda anachititsa kuti fractures ziwonongeke. Tinayenera kubwereranso, kusanthula njira yolephera, ndikulimbikitsa kusintha kwachitsulo cha ferritic ductile (65-45-12 kalasi). Mtengo wa gawolo udakwera mwina 15%, koma moyo wakumunda udakwera ndi khumi. Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani? Zotsika mtengo gawo lachitsulo ndi amene salephera mu utumiki.
Ndiye pali aloyi. Nthawi zina mumafunika maziko achitsulo koma ndi kutentha kowonjezera kapena kukana dzimbiri. Ndipamene ma alloys apadera monga Ni-Resist kapena SiMo ductile iron amabwera. Iwo ndi chilombo chosiyana kwambiri choponyera ndi makina, ndi shrinkage rates zomwe zingakupusitseni ngati mutazolowera kusukulu. Ndi ntchito yabwino, koma kwa ma valve ena ndi ma turbocharger, ndizomwe zimagwira ntchito.
Investment Casting for Iron? Ntchito ya Niche
Anthu ambiri amagwirizanitsa kuponya ndalama - njira yotayika - sera - ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena superalloys. Kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lachitsulo kupanga ndi kosowa, koma kuli ndi malo ake. Ubwino waukulu ndizovuta za geometric ndi kumaliza kwapamwamba komwe ngakhale kuumba kwa zipolopolo sikungakhudze. Ganizirani za kachigawo kakang'ono, kocholoka kamene kamakhala ndi tinjira ta m'kati mwake kamene sitingathe kulumikiza ndi mchenga.
Kugwira ndi kutentha. Chitsulo chimatsanulira pa kutentha kwakukulu kuposa zitsulo zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndalama-mozungulira 1370 ° C ndi pamwamba. Ndiye gehena pa chipolopolo cha ceramic. Zipolopolozo zimayenera kupangidwa mosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zigawo zosunga zobwezeretsera ndi zotchingira zapadera kuti zipirire kugwedezeka kwamafuta ndikuletsa kulowa kwachitsulo. Zokolola zimatha kukhala zotsika, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa njira zopangira mchenga.
Tachita izi kangapo, nthawi zambiri pama projekiti a R&D kapena ma projekiti apamlengalenga oyandikana ndi momwe mapangidwe ake amakulira. Imodzi inali nyumba ya sensa yokhala ndi labyrinth yozizirira yophatikizika. Kuchikonza kuchokera ku cholimba sikunali kotheka, ndipo mtundu wa mchenga ukanakhala wosavomerezeka pamwamba pa ndimeyi. Kuponya ndalama kunali njira yokhayo. Zinagwira ntchito, koma inali njira yosinthira nthawi zonse ndi wogulitsa zipolopolo. Osati kwa ofooka mtima.
Zowona Zake Zogulitsa: Kuchokera ku Foundry mpaka Finished Good
Ili ndi gawo lomwe simumaphunzira kusukulu. Kupanga chimodzi mwangwiro gawo lachitsulo m'malo olamulidwa ndi chinthu chimodzi. Kupanga 10,000 mwa iwo, pa nthawi, ndi khalidwe lokhazikika, kutumizidwa kuchokera ku China kupita ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu ku Stuttgart kapena Chicago, ndi chilombo china kwathunthu. Ndizokhudza kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, ndi kulankhulana.
Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. wakhala akugwira ntchito kwa zaka zopitirira makumi atatu chifukwa akumvetsa payipi iyi. Kukhazikika pa nkhungu zonse za chipolopolo komanso kupanga ndalama, kuphatikiza kukhala ndi makina a CNC m'nyumba, ndi mwayi waukulu. Zimapanga njira yotsekedwa yoyendetsera khalidwe. Okonza makinawo amatha kuyankhula mwachindunji ndi woyang'anira woyambitsa ngati awona cholakwika chokhazikika pakupanga, ndipo njirayi imatha kusinthidwa m'masiku, osati masabata. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida kuchokera ku chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi chitsulo kupita ku ma aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi tambala, kuphatikiza koyima sikuli kosangalatsa; ndichofunika kudalirika.
Zolephera zazikulu zomwe ndaziwona sizinali luso; iwo anali mayendedwe. Gawo lokongola lomwe lidakhazikika pamasitomu chifukwa cha zolemba zosakwanira, kapena chiphaso cha kutentha chomwe chidatayika pakumasulira. Tsopano, timagwiritsa ntchito mapepalawo mofanana ndi kulekerera kwa makina. Satifiketi yofananira, malipoti a mayeso azinthu, mapaketi owunikira nkhani yoyamba - ndi gawo la zomwe zingabweretsedwe. Gawo lina silinamalizidwe mpaka bokosi ndi zolemba zitafika padoko.
Choncho, pamene mukufufuza a gawo lachitsulo, sikuti mukungogula chitsulo. Mukugula njira, ziweruzo zambiri ndi kuwongolera, kuchokera kwa metallurgist kusankha kusakaniza kolipiritsa kupita kwa wopanga mapulogalamu a CNC posankha kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Gawo lomwe likuwoneka losavuta silikhala lophweka. Ndipo ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwongolera kukhala kokhutiritsa kwambiri.
