Kuponyera mchenga kumakhalabe njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zitsulo - zomwe zimapitilira 70% yazopanga zonse zomwe zimapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Koma kwa obwera kumene amalowa mu maziko, kuchuluka kwa mbali za mchenga kuponyera akhoza kumva kwambiri. Zitsanzo, kupirira ndi kukoka, sprues, risers, cores, zipata-chilichonse chimakhala ndi gawo losasinthika ngati kuponyera kumatuluka phokoso kapena zidutswa.
Tawona mainjiniya ambiri oyambilira akusintha molakwika mzere wolekanitsa pakupanga nkhungu. Tidawona akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito anyalanyaza kuyika kwa mpweya - ndikumaliza ndi matumba a gasi m'matupi a hydraulic valve. Ku QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., Kumene timapanga zitsulo zolondola komanso zopangira zitsulo zopangira nyumba zopopera kwambiri komanso ma nozzles a aloyi a cobalt, chigawo chilichonse cha nkhungu yamchenga chimatsimikiziridwa - osaganiziridwa. Taganizirani zofunika mbali za mchenga kuponyera, osati monga matanthauzo a m'mabuku, koma monga zinthu zogwirira ntchito zomwe timadalira tsiku ndi tsiku kuti tipereke magawo omwe amakhala ndi 350+ bar pressure popanda kutayikira.
Zigawo Zazikulu Zomwe Muyenera Kuzimvetsetsa Musanatsanulire
Chikombole choponya mchenga si mchenga wodzaza. Ndi dongosolo lokonzedwa bwino lomwe limapangidwa kuti lizitha kuyendetsa zitsulo, kulimbitsa chakudya, komanso kutulutsa mpweya wotsekeka. Nazi zigawo zisanu zomwe sizingakambirane-ndi zomwe zimachitika wina akalephera:
- Chitsanzo: Chifaniziro chachikulu cha mbali yomalizira—kaŵirikaŵiri yopangidwa ndi matabwa, pulasitiki, kapena aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi makina. Kulondola kwake kumatanthawuza mwachindunji kulolerana kwapakati. Timagwiritsa ntchito ma aluminiyamu opangidwa ndi CNC popanga nyumba za silinda chifukwa zimakhala ndi ± 0.15 mm kupitirira 400 mm utali - ndizofunika kwambiri pomanga malo osindikizira pambuyo poponyedwa.
- Cope ndi Kokani: Pamwamba (kupirira) ndi pansi (koka) halo nkhungu. Mawonekedwe awo ndi mzere wolekanitsa. Kuyika molakwika apa kumapangitsa kung'anima komwe kuyenera kukhala kozimitsa - sitepe yokwera mtengo yokonzanso zomwe timapewa pogwiritsa ntchito kalembera wa mapini pamapangidwe onse opanga.
- Sprue: Njira yowongoka yomwe chitsulo chosungunula chimalowera pabowo la nkhungu. Yopapatiza kwambiri? Kuphulika kumawonjezera mapangidwe a oxide. Chotambalala kwambiri? Kusadya bwino. Pazigawo zathu zapampu za T800 cobalt alloy, timakula ma sprues kutengera kuwerengera kwa mutu wa metallostatic - osati ma chart-of-thumb.
- Wokwera: Malo osungiramo madzi oyikidwa pamwamba kapena pafupi ndi kuponyera kuti adyetse kuchepa panthawi yolimba. Kulakwitsa kofala: kuchepetsa zokwera pamagawo okhuthala. Mu gulu limodzi la pisitoni mpope yamphamvu housings, osakwanira riser voliyumu anachititsa centerline porosity wapezeka kokha pa akupanga anayendera. Tsopano timafanizira kulimba ndi MAGMAsoft musanayambe kupanga nkhungu.
- Kwambiri: Choikapo mchenga china chomwe chimapanga zibowo zamkati—monga tinjira tozizirirapo mpweya kapena ma valve. Miyendo iyenera kupirira kuthamanga kwa metallostatic ndi kugwedezeka kwamafuta. Timagwiritsa ntchito mchenga wa silika wopangidwa ndi mankhwala ndi furan resin kuti ukhale wamphamvu, kenako kuphika pa 220 ° C kwa mphindi 90. Miyendo yosaphika imagwa pansi pa 1,450°C chitsulo chosungunuka.
Chifukwa Chake Kupanga Kwachipata Kumalekanitsa Ma Castings Odalirika Ndi Zing'onozing'ono
Ma Gates - njira zolumikizira sprue mpaka pabowo - sizikambidwa kawirikawiri, komabe zimatsimikizira kukhulupirika kwapamtunda, kapangidwe ka tirigu, ndi kugawa. Ena anganene kuti malo a zipata ndi achiwiri ku mapangidwe azithunzi. Komabe, m'zomwe takumana nazo ndi AMS 5387 cobalt alloy 6 zigawo, kulowera kolakwika kumayambitsa zolephera zitatu zomwe zingabwerezedwe: kutsekeka kozizira pafupi ndi makoma opyapyala, kukokoloka kwa mchenga m'malo othamanga kwambiri, komanso kutsekeka kwa zinyalala pamalo olowera.
Timagwiritsa ntchito zipata zapansi pa nyumba zazitali, zopyapyala kuti tichepetse chipwirikiti. Pazigawo zofananira monga zodzigudubuza za winch center shaft, timayika zipata zingapo zoyendera—kuwonetsetsa kudzazidwa kofanana ndi kulimba kolunjika kolowera kokwera. Gawo lililonse lachipata limawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya Bernoulli yosinthira kukhuthala kwachitsulo ndi kutsika kwa kutentha. Imeneyo si chiphunzitso-ndimo momwe timakwaniritsira Cpk> 1.33 pazitsulo zovuta kudutsa 500+ kupanga.
Zomwe Oyamba Amayang'ana: Zolowera, Mchenga Wogawanitsa, ndi Nthawi ya Shakeout
Malo olowera ndi timabowo ting'onoting'ono - nthawi zambiri 1-2 mm m'mimba mwake - amabowoledwa kudzera panjira kapena kukokera kuti mpweya ndi nkhungu zituluke. Lumphani, ndipo mumapeza mapini kapena mabowo ophulitsira. Timabowola mpweya wotuluka pamanja pambuyo pomanga nkhungu, kuwayika pamalo omaliza-kudzaza omwe azindikiridwa poyerekezera. Palibe makina - chifukwa kuvala kwa zida kumasintha dzenje la geometry, ndipo kutulutsa kosagwirizana kumawononga ma microstructure.
Mchenga wolekanitsa - wosanjikiza wosalala pakati pa cope ndi kukoka - uyenera kukhala wouma, wosasunthika, komanso wosalumikizana. Timagwiritsa ntchito calcined alumina ufa, osati graphite. Graphite imayatsa chinyezi mu mawonekedwe a nkhungu ndipo imalimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
Nthawi ya Shakeout ndiyofunika kwambiri kuposa momwe ambiri amaganizira. Kuchotsa zotayira msanga kwambiri kumayambitsa kugunda kwamphamvu kwa kutentha, makamaka mu iron ya carbon high. Mochedwa kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kotsalira kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zosokoneza pamakina. Muyezo wathu: kuponyedwa kwa mpweya wozizirira mpaka kutentha kwapansi kutsika pansi pa 150 ° C, kutsimikiziridwa ndi zoyezera m'manja za IR-osati zowerengera nthawi.
Kuchokera ku Mold kupita ku Mission-Critical Part: Komwe Kuponyera Mchenga Kukuyenera Masiku Ano
Kuponyera mchenga siukadaulo wakale-ndiwo maziko akupanga kosakanizidwa. Ku QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY, timaphatikiza zosowekapo mchenga ndi makina a CNC amitundu yambiri, chithandizo cha kutentha, ndikumaliza pamwamba - zonse pansi pa denga limodzi logwirizana ndi ISO. Kuwongolera koyima kumeneko kumatilola kutsimikizira kutsatira kwa GD&T pazinthu monga kukhazikika kwa bore-to-flange (± 0.05 mm) kapena kulimba kwapamtunda Ra ≤0.8 µm pankhope zosindikiza.
Ngati mukufotokoza za nyumba ya valve yokakamiza kapena gawo la injini ya injini, mvetsetsani mbali za mchenga kuponyera kumatanthauza kudziwa komwe kulolerana kumachulukira, komwe zolakwika zimayambira, komanso momwe zosankha zamapangidwe zimakhudzira mtengo ndi nthawi yotsogolera. Zimatanthawuza kufunsa osati "Kodi itha kuponyedwa?" koma “Kodi chigawo chilichonse cha nkhungu chizikhala bwanji pa 1,520°C ndi nthawi yothira ya masekondi 12?”
Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa kujambula ndi kuperekedwa. Ndi chifukwa chake makasitomala athu-kuchokera ku North America mpaka ku Southeast Asia-amatitumizira zojambula za GD&T-rich zokhala ndi zitsulo zolimba, osati zojambula zokha. Chifukwa amadziwa kuti nkhungu si chidebe chokha. Ndilo gawo loyamba la kuwongolera khalidwe.
