Anyamata ambiri ogula zinthu akamamva 'special alloy bushing', nthawi yomweyo amalumphira ku magiredi apamwamba - Inconel 718, Stellite 6, Hastelloy C-276 - ndikuganiza kuti ntchito yatha. Ndiko kulakwitsa koyamba, komanso kodula kwambiri. Aloyi ndi poyambira chabe; mdierekezi weniweni ali mu njira yopangira zinthu komanso malo enieni a utumiki, omwe kusindikizidwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kolakwika. Ndawonapo ma projekiti ambiri pomwe chitsamba chopangidwa mwaluso chopangidwa ndi cobalt chinalephera m'masabata chifukwa aliyense amangoyang'ana 'zapadera' ndikuyiwala za gawo la 'bushing' la ntchito yake.
Chapadera mu Aloyi Si Chipolopolo Chamatsenga
Tiyeni tiyankhule za ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt, monga Stellite. Inde, kuvala kodabwitsa komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, kothandiza kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri monga kulumikiza kwa turbine kapena mapampu amphamvu kwambiri. Koma kufotokoza ndi gawo losavuta. Njira yoponyera zida izi ndi chilombo chosiyana. Sali ngati kuthira chitsulo chotuwa. Makhalidwe osungunula, kachitidwe ka nkhungu ya chipolopolo, kulimba kwa shrinkage - ngati maziko anu alibe chidziwitso chakuya, mudzapeza micro-scracking, inclusions, kapena kuuma kosagwirizana kunja kwa chipata. Zimawoneka bwino mpaka zitapita pansi pa microscope kapena ntchito.
Ndikukumbukira wopanga ma valve akufufuza gulu la wapadera aloyi bushings kwa chingwe chopangira mankhwala owononga. Ma certs akuthupi anali abwino, onse ku ASTM A494. Koma pogwira ntchito, iwo adawonetsa kuluma msanga. Kusanthula kulephera kukuwonetsa kugawa kwa carbide. Kuponyedwa kunazirala mofulumira kwambiri, kumapanga brittle, yosagwirizana carbide network pamalire a tirigu. Zomwe zidakwaniritsidwa, koma zitsulo zinali zolakwika pakugwiritsa ntchito. Kukonza sikunali kwatsopano; chinali chizoloŵezi chosinthidwa cha maziko ndi kuziziritsa koyendetsedwa. Apa ndi pamene bwenzi limakonda Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. zimaonekera. Ndi zaka makumi atatu mu zipolopolo ndi kuponya ndalama, iwo mwina awona ndi kuthetsa vuto lozizirali m'mabanja osiyanasiyana a aloyi. Ndi chidziwitso cha ndondomeko, osati ng'anjo yokha, yomwe ili yofunika.
Kuyang'anira kwina kofala ndi makina. Ma aloyi opangidwa ndi nickel amadziwika kuti amaumitsa ntchito. Mumapanga chitsamba chololera bwino chokhala ndi zigawo zoonda. Ngati makina a CNC azimitsidwa - kalasi yolakwika, chakudya / liwiro lolakwika, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino koziziritsa - mumayambitsa kupsinjika kotsalira kapena kusanjikiza khungu. Gawolo limadutsa kuwunika komaliza koma limapunduka kapena kusweka pansi pa katundu woyamba. Chitsamba sichinalephere; ndondomeko ya post-casting idatero.
Mapangidwe Opangira, Osati Zongogwira Ntchito
Mainjiniya amakonda kupanga tchire loyenera: mayendedwe ovuta opaka mafuta, njira zochepetsera zosungiramo zisindikizo, makoma owonda ochepetsa thupi. Kenako amachiponya pamwamba pa khoma kuti apange. Ndi ma alloys apadera, iyi ndi njira yatsoka komanso mtengo wakuthambo. Mtundu uliwonse wamapangidwe umachulukitsa zovuta.
Mwachitsanzo, ma bowo amafuta amkati amkati. Muzitsulo zachitsulo, mumabowola pambuyo poponya. Ndi ma aloyi ambiri a nickel kapena cobalt, kubowola pambuyo poponya kumakhala kovuta. Nthawi zambiri ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida za ceramic. Koma izi zimafunikira kamangidwe ka nkhungu kaukadaulo kuti zitsimikizire kuti pachimake chimathandizira bwino ndipo sichisuntha panthawi yothira, komanso kuti zida zamkati zitha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu mutaponya popanda kusiya zotsalira. Ukadaulo wa QSY mu chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndi kuponya ndalama zimakhala zovuta apa. Iwo akhoza kulangiza za zotheka ma geometries kuyambira pachiyambi. Kodi njirayo iyenera kukhala yozungulira kapena yozungulira? Kuyika pang'ono pang'ono kungapangitse kuchotsedwa kwapakati 100% kukhala kodalirika popanda kukhudza ntchito. Izi mmbuyo-ndi-zimene zimalekanitsa chitsanzo chomwe chimagwira ntchito kuchokera ku gawo lokonzekera kupanga.
Kufanana kwa khoma ndi chimodzi mwakupha wina mwakachetechete. Chomeracho chikhoza kukhala ndi thumba laling'ono komanso laling'ono. Kuzizira kosiyanasiyana mu nkhungu kumabweretsa nkhawa. Mu brittle special alloy, izi zimatha kuyambitsa misozi yotentha - ming'alu yaying'ono yomwe imachokera pakukhazikika. Simungathe kuwawona popanda kuyang'ana kolowera kwa utoto. Phunziro: Nthawi zina muyenera kuwonjezera zinthu pang'ono mu gawo limodzi kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuziziritsa kofananako, ndiyeno kumangitsanso makina. Zimawoneka ngati zowononga, koma ndizotsika mtengo kuposa 30% zotsalira.
Choyiwalika: Malo Okwerera
Nali phunziro lomwe lapambana movutikira: chitsamba sichigwira ntchito chokha. Kuchita kwake ndi katundu wadongosolo. Mutha kuyika bushing wangwiro wa Stellite m'nyumba yocheperako yachitsulo, ndipo pansi pa katundu, nyumba zofewa zimawonongeka, kusokoneza tchire ndikuyambitsa kutsitsa ndikulephera mwachangu. Kulumikizana kwazinthu ndi chilichonse.
Tinali ndi mlandu pa pivot yofukula yolemetsa. The wapadera aloyi bushing (cobalt-based) idatchulidwira kukana kwa abrasion. Piniyo inali chitsulo cholimba. The kulephera akafuna anali kwambiri zomatira kuvala. Vutolo? Kusiyana kwa kuuma kunali kwakukulu kwambiri. Awiri padziko yaying'ono welded pansi mkulu kukhudzana kuthamanga. Yankho lake linali kutsitsa pang'ono kuuma kwa bushing ndikuwonetsetsa kutha kwapadera pa pini. Zinali zotsutsana - tinasokoneza katundu wa bushing kuti tigwire ntchito. Uwu ndi mtundu wa chiweruzo chothandiza chomwe chimabwera chifukwa chowona magawo akulephera m'munda, osati kuchokera papepala la data.
Kugwirizana kwa dzimbiri ndi gawo lina la migodi. Chitsulo cha nickel chosagwirizana ndi dzimbiri chimatha kupanga galvanic cell yokhala ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri pamalo onyowa, ndikuwononga nyumbayo. Nthawi zina, muyenera kufotokozera manja odzipatula kapena zokutira osati za tchire, koma kuteteza mnansi wake. Mawonedwe adongosolo ndi osagwirizana.
Pamene CNC Machining Imapanga Kapena Kuphwanya Kuphuka
Kuponya kumakupatsani mawonekedwe ovuta, koma omaliza CNC makina imatanthauzira magwiridwe antchito. Kulolerana ndi mzere umodzi chabe pajambula. Kwa bushing, umphumphu wa pamwamba ndi wofunika kwambiri. The Machining ndondomeko sayenera kunyozetsa zakuthupi katundu anapangidwa pa kuponyera ndi kutentha mankhwala.
Tengani mpweya wowuma wa nickel alloy ngati Inconel 718. Imapeza mphamvu kuchokera kumayendedwe apadera a kutentha. Kupanga mwaukali kumatha kutulutsa kutentha kokwanira komweko komwe kumatha kukulitsa zinthu zomwe zili m'derali, ndikupanga malo ofewa. The bushing ikhoza kukhala ndi miyeso yabwino koma imalephera pansi chifukwa cha kufooka komweku. Katswiri waluso, kapena sitolo yokhala ndi makina ophatikizika ndi makina ngati QSY, amadziwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zakuthwa, zapadera, zoziziritsa kukhosi, komanso njira zomaliza zowunikira kuti asunge gawo lapansi.
Ndiye pali bowo kumaliza. Kumaliza kalilole nthawi zonse sikwabwino. Kuti chitsamba chisungidwe kuti chisungidwe mafuta, pafunika njira ina yolumikizira. Pa ntchito imodzi yowuma kapena yokhala ndi mafuta olimba a filimu, mtundu wina wa roughness average (Ra) ndi wabwino kwambiri. Kufotokozera zofunikira izi ku gulu la makina ndikofunikira. Kungoyika Ra 0.4 pachithunzichi kungakhale kolakwika.
Mtengo vs. Moyo Wonse: Kuwerengera Kweniyeni
Kuthamangitsa kwakukulu wapadera aloyi bushings nthawi zonse ndi mtengo. Bushing imodzi ya cobalt-alloy imatha kuwononga 50x yofanana ndi chitsulo cha carbon. Kuyika izi ngati gawo la mtengo ndi momwe mumataya mkangano. Kuwerengera ndi mtengo wathunthu wa umwini: gawo la mtengo + kukhazikitsa ntchito + kutsika kwa makina kuti musinthe + kutayika kwa kupanga panthawi yopuma.
Ndinkagwira ntchito yokonza mpukutu wosalekeza m’mphero yachitsulo. Zitsamba zoyambirirazo zidatha pafupifupi milungu 6 m'malo otentha kwambiri, odzaza ndi mamba. Nthawi yopumula kuti m'malo mwawo inali maola 12, kutengera ziwerengero zisanu ndi chimodzi pakutayika kotayika. Tinasinthira ku centrifugally cast nickel-chromium-boron alloy bushing. Mtengo wa unit unali wodabwitsa. Koma iwo anakhala miyezi 18. ROI idawerengedwa m'masabata, osati zaka. Chinsinsi chinali kutsimikizira moyo wonse, zomwe zimafuna gulu laling'ono loyendetsa ndege komanso kuyang'anira mosamalitsa mu-situ. Palibe amene amagula izi polonjeza bulosha.
Apa ndipamene kuyanjana ndi wopanga vertically integrated kumalipira. Kampani yomwe imagwira ntchito zoponya, kutentha, ndi kukonza makina m'nyumba, monga momwe zimafotokozedwera Chithunzi cha QSY, angapereke kulosera kodalirika kwa ntchito ndi moyo wonse chifukwa amalamulira unyolo wonse wosinthika. Awonanso zomwe zimachitika mbali zawo zikakankhidwira malire m'munda, zomwe zimadziwitsa kuwongolera kwabwinoko mu shopu.
Kumaliza Popanda Mapeto
Palibe chomaliza chachikulu pano. Kufotokozera ndi kupanga chodalirika chapadera cha alloy bushing ndi ntchito yoyendetsera malonda ndi zosiyana zobisika. Ndi za kusankha banja loyenera la aloyi, kenako kukonza njira yopangira ndi kukonza kuti igwirizane ndi zomwe aloyiyo amafunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito. Ndi za kupanga dongosolo mozungulira bushing, osati bushing paokha. Ndipo ndizokhudza kupeza wopanga zinthu yemwe amamvetsetsa momwe zinthu zilili kuyambira kusungunula mpaka kumapeto komaliza, yemwe angakhale wothandizana naye, osati wongotengera. Satifiketi yazinthu ndiye chiyambi cha zokambirana, osati mathero ake. Zolemba zenizeni zimalembedwa muzochita pa fakitale pansi, patatha nthawi yaitali kuti kugula kutsekedwa.
