Reka tuvugishe ukuri, iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'gushora imari mu kirere', bashushanya icyuma kitagira inenge, hafi ya net-shusho ya turbine icyuma gisohoka muri firime ya sci-fi. Ukuri kurimo ibintu byinshi, birenze, kandi mvugishije ukuri, birashimishije. Ntabwo ari ugukora gusa imiterere igoye; ni bijyanye no gucunga urunigi rwibihinduka kuva ibishashara kugeza kuvura ubushyuhe, aho gutandukana 0.1mm ntabwo ari imibare, ni igice cyakuweho. Ibicuruzwa byinshi byo kwamamaza hejuru ya grit irimo.
Ibishushanyo Byibanze: Ingorabahizi hamwe no Guhoraho
Igitekerezo kinini cyibeshya nukugereranya geometrike igoye hamwe nisonga ryubukorikori. Nukuri, turashobora gutera imiyoboro yo gukonjesha imbere bidashoboka gukora imashini. Ikibazo nyacyo, ariko, ni ukubikora kunshuro ya 10,000 hamwe nubunyangamugayo bwa metallurgjiya nkubwa mbere. Nabonye ibyiza-ingingo ya mbere ya casting idashobora na rimwe gupimwa. Ubuhanzi buri mubikorwa byo kugenzura, ntabwo ari moderi ya CAD gusa. Kubigize nka turbine vane, the gushora imari mu kirere inzira ihitamo ntabwo ari imiterere gusa, ahubwo ni imiterere yagenzuwe irashobora gutanga umusaruro nyuma yicyerekezo.
Aha niho imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo uburambe bwibicuruzwa biba bidashoboka. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ifite imyaka irenga 30 mu gukina no gutunganya ntabwo ari umurongo wo kugurisha gusa. Inconel 718 ivuga ko bisobanura ubumenyi bwashinze imizi ku buryo bwihariye bwa nikel bushingiye kuri nikel, bwitwara mu gihe cy’ibishashara mu bihe byihariye. Ubwo ni ubumenyi bwa tacit udashobora gukuramo. Ibyo bibandaho byombi gushora imari kandi CNC yuzuye gutunganya munsi yinzu imwe irakomeye. Bisobanura ko injeniyeri yubushakashatsi yashushanyije ibishashara hamwe nibitekerezo bya mashini yibitekerezo, akirinda ibintu bibi nyuma.
Ndibuka umushinga wububiko bwubatswe, magnesium-zirconium. Uburinganire bwa geometrie bwari bworoshye, ariko icyerekezo cyahamagariwe kugenzura ultrasonic igenzurwa na titanium. Ingingo yo kunanirwa ntabwo yari casting ubwayo, ahubwo ibisigisigi bisigaye bitera ingingo yo gutangirira munsi yubutaka mugihe cyo gupima umunaniro. Byasabye inshuro eshatu za sisitemu ya binder hamwe na tekinoroji yo gukoresha stucco - ibisobanuro ntabwo bigeze mu gatabo - kugirango ubimenagure. Nibyo 90% byakazi.
Alchemy yibikoresho: Ntabwo ari Ibyuma gusa
Iyo tuvuze ibikoresho, ijambo ryihariye rivanze rijugunywa hirya no hino. Mu kirere, ni itandukaniro riri hagati yurwego rwibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe numuyoboro ushingiye kuri cobalt nka MAR-M 247 kuri nozzle yumuvuduko ukabije. Ni inyamaswa zitandukanye. Iyanyuma isaba mbere yubushyuhe bwibishishwa bya ceramic mbere yo gusuka kugirango wirinde ihungabana ryumuriro no guturika gukabije. Fata nabi, kandi wabuze icyumweru n'amahirwe make mubyuma.
Urutonde rwa QSY urutonde - kuva kumyuma kugeza kuri nikel ishingiye kuri nikel - iravuga. Yerekana ubushobozi buhagaritse, ariko ikizamini nyacyo kiri mukutandukanya. Ntabwo usuka ibyuma byangiza na Hastelloy X mukigobe kimwe, hamwe nitsinda rimwe, ukoresheje protocole imwe. Kwanduzanya ni umwicanyi ucecetse. Kuba babashyizeho urutonde byerekana imirongo itandukanye, yabigenewe cyangwa uburyo bukomeye bwo guhanagura, nigikorwa gikomeye. Kubyukuri gushora imari mu kirere utanga isoko, nikel na cobalt alloys umurongo niho igiciro nyacyo nubuhanga bicaye.
Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare. Kugerageza gukoresha icyiciro cya 17-4PH ibyuma bidafite ingese (imvura igwa) nyuma yakazi ka karubone. Ibimenyetso bya karubone mu kirere cy'itanura, cyangwa wenda byinjijwe mu ruganda, byahinduye imvura igwa mu gihe cyo gusaza. Ibice byatsinze igenzura ariko byananiranye gukomera no kugerageza ingaruka zidasanzwe mubushobozi. Isomo rihenze mubikorwa byo murugo.
Umukino wa Shell: Aho Intambara ikunze gutsinda cyangwa gutsindwa
Igikonoshwa ni umusingi usanzwe. Benshi babitekereza nkububiko. Nibikorwa bya ceramic yibikoresho byakozwe muburyo bwo gusenyuka, ubushyuhe bwumuriro, hamwe nubusembure bwimiti. Umubare w'ibyiciro, ibishishwa bya slurry, ingano ya stucco n'ibikoresho (byahujwe na silika na zircon), ibidukikije byumye - buri ntambwe yongeramo impinduka. Kubice byo mu kirere gifite uruzitiro ruto, igikonoshwa kigomba kuba gifite imbaraga zihagije zo gufata ibyuma bishongeshejwe ariko bikagira intege nke kuburyo byakurwaho nta kurasa kurasa bikora cyane.
Njye namaze iminsi hamwe nabaguzi bahindura ikoti yambere ya slurry resept ya aluminium-silicon nshya. Intego yari itose neza ku gishashara kugirango ifate buri kantu kose, utiriwe ushyira umwuka mubi uhinduka inkovu. Nibikorwa byamaboko, hafi yuburyo bworoshye. Urareba igipimo cyigitonyanga, uburebure bwa coating ukoresheje ibyiyumvo n'uburambe. Aha niho ibikorwa bimaze igihe kinini mumikorere yubumenyi bwamoko ari ntagereranywa. Urashobora kubona uburyo bwabo kuriyi nzira ihuriweho birambuye kurupapuro rwibikorwa kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Umutego rusange ni hejuru-yubushakashatsi igikonoshwa. Ibice byinshi cyane, binini cyane, kandi urema ubushyuhe bunini buhindura imbere gukomera, biganisha ku kugabanuka kwinshi mubice bikomeye. Rimwe na rimwe, igisubizo ni cyoroshye, cyoroshye cyane igikonoshwa hamwe nibikorwa bya ceramic cores for support. Nigikorwa cyo kuringaniza hagati yubukanishi nubushyuhe.
Kuva muri Casting kugeza Ibigize: Gukora Intoki
Ngiyo ipfundo ryinshi-gukina-fondasiyo irwana nayo. Utanga casting nziza, gusa kububiko bwimashini kwijujutira nta datum yo gufatira, cyangwa amafaranga asigara asigaye ntaringana, bitera kuganira kubikoresho. Inzu ihuriweho nka QSY, ikora byombi gushora imari na Imashini ya CNC, ifite inyungu nini. Inzira yateguwe nkumugabane umwe.
Igishashara cyashizweho hifashishijwe imashini zerekana. Sisitemu yo kwinjirira ntabwo ishyizwe kumajwi yicyuma gusa ahubwo inasiga ibikoresho ahantu bihinduka imashini nyuma. Iyi mikoreshereze igabanya igihe kandi igabanya ibyago byo kugoreka neza mugihe cyo gutunganya kabiri. Nabonye ibice aho as-cast yasigaye kuri profili yindege, mugihe amasura yo guhuza gusa yakozwe, byose byateganijwe kuva kumunsi wambere.
Urugero rufatika: inzu ya sensor ikozwe muri duplex idafite ibyuma. Mu gukina harimo gushyiramo flanges. Kuberako itsinda ryabashinzwe gukora ryagize uruhare mugusuzuma ibikoresho byambere, basobanuye ko bongeramo ibicuruzwa bike byongewe kumaso ya flange ariko bakemeza ko umwobo wa bolt washyizwemo ingero zingana. Ibi byakuyeho ibikorwa bya EDM bihenze nyuma. Nubwoko bwo kuzigama amafaranga aturuka mubikorwa bihuriweho, ntabwo ari hanze.
Kunanirwa nkigikorwa cyo guhatira
Ntabwo ubyumva neza gushora imari mu kirere kugeza igihe uyoboye ibirori bikomeye byo gusiba. Kera nagize uruhare mu mushinga wumuriro wa gaze ushyushye, twagize urukurikirane rwamayobera muri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe bwo gusana. Gukina byari amavuta ya cobalt. Twashinje gusudira, inzira, byose. Isesengura rya Metallurgical ryarangije kwerekana inzira yo guta: imvura ntoya ya karbide kumupaka wimbuto uhereye ku gipimo gito cyo gukonja cyane nyuma yo gusuka. Abakinnyi batsindiye X-ray, ariko gusudira kwizuba ryumuriro byongereye ubukana.
Gukosora ntibyari mu gusudira; byari mugutunganya protocole ya post-pour gukonjesha mu itanura. Ubunararibonye bwagize ibitekerezo byanjye byose. Noneho, ndareba casting mpita ntekereza kumateka yubushyuhe bwayo, ntabwo ari geometrie gusa. Iraguhatira gusuzuma urwego rwose rwagaciro, filozofiya isa niyinjijwe muburyo bwuzuye bwa serivise itanga serivisi, aho kugenzura inzira yose kuva gushonga kugeza kubice byubatswe byubatswe mubyitegererezo byabo, nkuko bigaragara hamwe na QSY yasobanuye guhuza vertical.
Ibyo kunanirwa, nubwo bibabaza, nisoko nyayo yimbitse. Bimura ubukorikori bava mubitekerezo bakabyumva neza. Igihe gikurikira ufashe neza, wibuke ko atari imiterere gusa. Nibintu byahagaritswe byicyemezo cyagenzuwe ijana, kandi birashoboka ko amakosa make yashize twigiye. Nibyo bitandukanya igice nikintu.
