Urabizi, iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'CNC mashini', bashushanya amahugurwa meza, yikora aho ugaburira muburyo bwa CAD kandi ibice byuzuye birasohoka. Ngiyo verisiyo yaka gatabo. Ukuri, uwo wiga gusa nukoresha akazi no gufata igice cyarangiye mukiganza cyawe, ni imishyikirano ihoraho hagati yicyerekezo cya digitale nisi yisi yicyuma. Ntabwo ari gahunda gusa; ni ukumenya uko icyiciro cyihariye cya 316L kitagira umwanda kizitwara munsi yinzira nshya, cyangwa kuki icyo gishushanyo cyiza, kigoye kizaganira nkumusazi keretse ubishyigikiye muburyo bwihariye, butagaragara. Icyo cyuho kiri hagati ya ecran na swarf niho imirimo nyayo ibera.
Urufatiro: Itangirana nibikoresho, ntabwo ari Code
Ntabwo nshobora guhangayikishwa bihagije. G-code yawe nibyiza gusa nkuko usobanukiwe nibikoresho ukata. Turabibona igihe cyose - umukiriya yohereza igishushanyo cyiza cya aluminium kandi ashaka ko cyakozwe muri Inconel 718 kuko gikeneye kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kuri ecran, ni dosiye imwe. Ku iduka, ni inyamaswa itandukanye rwose. Gukata ibipimo, guhitamo ibikoresho, ndetse nibisabwa kugirango imashini ikomere ihinduka cyane.
Aha niho hashingiwe-imashini ikora combo ikora, nkiyi kuri QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., (urashobora kugenzura urugero rwabo kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com), ifite inyungu ihishe. Babaye muri casting kandi Imashini ya CNC imyaka mirongo. Iyo babonye casting ikeneye kurangizwa, basanzwe bazi imiterere yintete, ahantu hashobora gukomera kuva inzira yo gukonja, guhangayika. Iyo ni intel ntabwo ukura mubyemezo bifatika. Bisobanura ko bashobora gutegura gahunda yo gutunganya kugirango bakore n'amateka y'ibikoresho, ntibayirwanye. Kugerageza gukora imashini igoye ishoramari idafite iyo background ni nko kugendagenda mu mwijima.
Kurugero, hamwe na nikel-ishingiye kuri alloys bavuga - ibintu bitangaje, ariko inzozi mbi kubuzima bwibikoresho niba ubifata nkibyuma. Ibikoresho bikora-bigoye nkuko ukata. Ntushobora rero kureka igikoresho ngo; ukeneye rake nziza, impande zityaye, kandi ugomba gukomeza kugaburira ibiryo bihoraho, bikarishye bihagije kugirango ubone munsi yurwego rukomeye. Hagarara cyangwa ugabanye umuvuduko hagati yo gukata? Urangije gukora ahantu hashobora gusenya inzira ikurikira. Ni imbyino yigitutu kandi neza.
Akazi Koroheje Ntabwo kari: Isahani ya Flat
Reka nguhe urugero rworoshye rwagiye kuruhande. Umukiriya yari akeneye isahani nini, yuzuye ibyuma byoroshye, gusa bimwe byanyuze mu mwobo hamwe nu mufuka usya. Amafaranga yoroshye, sibyo? Twashakishije isahani, turayifata hasi, dutangira kureba. Yarangije uruhande rwa mbere, aruzuza, atangira kurundi. Nibwo inzozi mbi zatangiye. Isahani, kubera guhangayikishwa no kugabanuka kwambere, yarekuye imihangayiko yimbere kandi irakomera. Birababaje. Mugihe twarangije isura ya kabiri, igice cyari kimeze nkigitoki, kubera kwihanganira ibirometero.
Kunanirwa byavugaga ko ibikoresho fatizo bihamye. Kubikorwa bikomeye byo kuringaniza, ukenera gukenera imashini itoroshye, hanyuma ukareka ikicara (kugabanya stress), hanyuma ukarangiza imashini. Rimwe na rimwe, ugomba no kubikora kabiri. Nisomo ryo kwihangana no gukora. Noneho, iyo ndebye gushushanya byoroshye isahani, ntekereza inkomoko yimigabane, ubunini bwayo, amateka yubushyuhe. Nubwoko bwibitekerezo bifatika, bitagaragara bitandukanya ibice bisunika numufatanyabikorwa. Amaduka afite uburambe bwibintu byimbitse, nka QSY hamwe nimyaka 30 yimyaka 30, birashoboka ko protocole yatetse mubikorwa byabo kugirango bakore kandi bahimbye, birinda re-dos.
Igikoresho ntabwo kijyanye gusa na Brand
Umuntu wese arashaka kuvuga kubyerekeye urusyo ruheruka, runini ruva kumurongo wo hejuru. Kandi rwose, ibikoresho byiza bifite akamaro. Ariko cyane cyane ni gushiraho. Nabonye amadolari 200 yo gusya kubera gufata akantu gato ko kwiruka muri koleti ihendutse, mugihe igikoresho cyo hagati mugikoresho cyateguwe neza, gifatika neza gifite amasaha menshi. Sisitemu yose - kuzunguruka, gufata, gukusanya, igikoresho - bigomba gufatwa nkimwe. Kunyeganyega ni umwanzi wo kurangiza nibikoresho byubuzima.
Kubintu bikomeye, dukoresha ibikoresho bikomeye bya karbide, ariko rimwe na rimwe igikoresho cyiza, giteye cobalt HSS hamwe na geometrie ikomeye cyane gishobora kubaho neza mugihe gito cyaciwe kuva muri casting hamwe nububiko butaringaniye. Ntabwo buri gihe kijyanye na substrate ikomeye; bijyanye nigikoresho cyiza cyo gukata. Akazi kabo hamwe na shell mold hamwe nishoramari bivuze ko bahora bakorana nubuso bwambere butandukanye, ubwo rero ingamba zo gukoresha ibikoresho birashoboka ko ari kamere ya kabiri kuri bo.
Icyitonderwa ni inzira, ntabwo ari ugushiraho
Uhamagara mukwihanganira +/- 0.01mm kuri mashini. Bishatse kuvuga ko igice kizaba kwihanganira? Ntabwo ari ngombwa. Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe ni ikintu gifatika. Igice cyakozwe mugitondo mugihe iduka rifite 18 ° C bizapima ukundi nyuma ya saa sita kuri 24 ° C, cyane cyane na aluminium. Twize kureka ibice bisanzwe mubushyuhe bwicyumba cyo kugenzura mbere yo gupimwa bwa nyuma. Kubikorwa bya ultra-precise, urimo kugenzura ibidukikije, ubushyuhe bukonje, byose.
Ibi bigera no kumurongo. Ibyo biranga imashini nziza cyane birasobanutse neza nka vise cyangwa fixture ifata igice. Twigeze gukuraho icyiciro kuko urwasaya rwa vise rwashaje rufite microne nkeya ya til tutigeze dufata. Noneho, kwerekana imiterere ni idini, ntabwo ari igitekerezo. Ku isosiyete ikora ubunyangamugayo buhanitse mu nganda zinyuranye, iyi disipuline yuburyo ntishobora kuganirwaho. Inenge iri munzu ya pompe cyangwa umubiri wa valve ntabwo yangwa gusa; birashoboka kunanirwa kumurima.
Naho kuvuga ibipimo, caliper yizewe ifite aho igarukira. Kubirindiro byukuri cyangwa kwihanganira ibintu, ukeneye byinshi. CMMs, scaneri ya optique - bahinduka igice cyo gutunganya ibitekerezo. Amakuru arakubwira niba inzira yawe igenda. Nibi bifunze-bizenguruka imashini, gupima, guhindura byubaka bihamye.
Iyo Igishushanyo gihuye ninganda
Nisoko nini yo guterana amagambo n'amahirwe. Ba injeniyeri bashushanya imikorere, nibyo. Ariko rimwe na rimwe radiyo yuzuye yiyongera, cyangwa kwihanganira kuruhuka mumaso idakomeye, birashobora kugabanya igihe cyo gutunganya no gutwara 30% hamwe ningaruka zeru kumikorere. Imishinga myiza ibaho mugihe hari ibiganiro mbere yuko igishushanyo cya nyuma gihagarikwa.
A classique imwe ni umufuka wimbitse hamwe na radiyo ntoya. Ibishushanyo bifuza inguni yimbere ya 1mm. Ibyo bisaba urusyo rwa 2mm. Gusya umufuka wa 50mm wimbitse hamwe nigikoresho cya 2mm? Urimo kureba kuri byinshi, buhoro buhoro, ibikoresho bikabije, kandi birashoboka gucika. Gutanga radiyo 2.5mm cyangwa ndetse na 3mm ya radiyo itanga igikoresho gikomeye, kugaburira byihuse, hamwe nuburyo bwizewe. Ntabwo ari ubwumvikane; ni ugutezimbere ukuri.
Gukorana nibice byabanjirije kongeramo urundi rwego. Uwiteka Imashini ya CNC igishushanyo mbonera cy'ishoramari-igice ntabwo gitangirira kumurongo ukomeye; biratangirana kuva hafi-net-shusho. Akazi k'umukanishi ni ugukubita datum na sisitemu zikomeye, akenshi ukorana n'amafaranga ataringaniye. Ibi bisaba uburyo butandukanye bwo gutangiza porogaramu - akenshi ukoresheje inzinguzingo kugirango ubone umwanya wa casting mu mwanya aho gutekereza ko bihujwe neza. Nibivange byo gutunganya neza kandi bikwiye.
Agaciro katagaragara: Guhora ku gipimo
Umuntu wese arashobora gukora igice kimwe cyiza. Gukora igice cya 1000 gisa nicyambere nikibazo nyacyo cya Imashini ya CNC. Aha niho hajyaho inyandiko zerekana, ibikoresho byubuzima, hamwe nigenzura ryinjira. Birarambiranye, umurimo udahuje igitsina. Kwandika amasaha yibikoresho, guteganya uburyo bwo kubungabunga imashini, kugira amabwiriza yakazi asobanutse kubakoresha.
Kubatanga nka QSY, ubucuruzi bwe bwubakiye mugutanga imashini zizewe, iyi nkingi yibikorwa ni byose. Amateka yabo maremare yerekana ko bagomba gukemura ibyo bibazo byapimwe kubakiriya hirya no hino mu nganda, kuva prototip imwe imwe kugeza gukora. Ubwo bumenyi bwinzego zuburyo bwo kubungabunga ubuziranenge mubice bitandukanye bya casting ni umutungo ugaragara udashobora gukuramo cyangwa kugura hanze.
Noneho, iyo ntekereje kuri CNC, ntabwo nshimishwa cyane nimashini yaka 5-axis (nubwo ari ibikoresho bitangaje), kandi nkaba nshishikajwe cyane no gutuza urusobe rwibinyabuzima rutuje, rukomeye: siyanse y'ibikoresho, igishushanyo mbonera, ibipimo byo gupima, hamwe n'amasomo yatsinzwe biturutse ku mirimo itagiye kuri gahunda. Nibyo bihindura dosiye ya digitale mubice byizewe, bifatika. Nubukorikori bwambara imyenda yo kwikora.
