Iyo wumvise guta umucanga byihuse, igitekerezo cyihuse ni umuvuduko. Iri ni ryo sezerano, sibyo? Ariko mubishingwe, byihuse nijambo ugereranije. Ntabwo ari ugukubita inshyi gusa no gusuka ibyuma. Ikibazo nyacyo ni ukugera kuri uwo muvuduko udatanze ubunyangamugayo, aho usanga amaduka menshi, niyo yaba inararibonye, ashobora gutsitara. Barirukanye isaha bikarangirana nibipimo bishaje barya inyungu zose ziteganijwe. Mumaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ushushanya imirongo, nabonye uruziga - gusunika guhinduka byihuse akenshi birengagiza intambwe zifatizo zituma umuvuduko uramba.
Intangiriro yumusaruro wihuse
None, niki gikora guta umucanga byihuse bisa hasi? Itangira kera mbere yuko umucanga uvangwa. Ibikoresho by'icyitegererezo ni umwami. Niba ukoresha ibishaje, bikozwe mubiti byashizweho kumurimo muke wo gukora akazi, ntuzigera ugera kumurongo wihuse. Guhinduranya cyane-urethane cyangwa ibyuma bishushanyije hamwe nubushakashatsi bukwiye hamwe no guhuza amarembo ntabwo biganirwaho. Ndibuka umushinga wurukurikirane rwamazu ya pompe aho twavuye mubishushanyo bishaje byibiti tujya muri aluminiyumu yakozwe. Ishoramari ryambere ryari rifite akamaro, ariko igabanuka ryigihe cyo gutegura ibicuruzwa no kugabanuka gukabije inenge yibanze ya shitingi yishyuye mugihe cyamezi atandatu. Umuvuduko waturutse kwizerwa, ntabwo ugenda byihuse.
Noneho hariho sisitemu yumucanga ubwayo. Kubumba umucanga wicyatsi kibona abantu bose kwitabwaho, ariko kubwukuri bwihuse, butanga umusaruro mwinshi, sisitemu yumucanga ihujwe neza na chimique ikunze gutsinda. Icyangombwa ni ukugenzura inzira - kugenzura ubushyuhe bwumucanga, ibipimo bihuza, hamwe no kuvanga imikorere mumadini. Gutinda hano ntibigutinda gusa; ikora caskade yinenge. Twize ibi inzira igoye kumurongo wimodoka. Ihinduka rito ryibihe byahinduye catalizator yo gushiraho igihe, biganisha kumurongo wibibumbano bifite ibibanza byoroshye. Inzira yihuse yaje gusya kugirango ikore. Umuvuduko uroroshye; yubatswe ku gitanda cyibihinduka bigenzurwa.
Aha niho uburambe bwumufatanyabikorwa umaze igihe kinini. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe namateka yimyaka 30 muri casting, arabyumva cyane. Ntabwo bagurisha gusa; bayobora izi nzira zikomeye. Iyo urimo gusunika byihuta, kugira uwaguhaye isoko uzi kuringaniza ibiranga amavuta - nkukugenda kwicyuma cyihariye kidafite ingese cyangwa imbaraga zishyushye za nikel zishingiye kuri nikel-hamwe nibintu bibumba ni ntagereranywa. Ubuhanga bwabo mubikonoshwa no gushora imari buramenyesha umurimo wabo wo guta umucanga, ushimangira uburyo igishushanyo mbonera gishobora gutuma umuvuduko wihuta.
Irembo, Kugaburira, hamwe nigihe cyihishe kurohama
Niba gukora ibumba ari umubiri wo guta byihuse, sisitemu yo kugaburira no kugaburira ni sisitemu y'imitsi. Aka ni agace keze kubitekerezo bitari byo. Ikosa risanzwe nugupima gusa sisitemu yo kwinjirira muburyo buhoro. Kuri guta umucanga byihuse, ukeneye sisitemu yagenewe igipimo cyuzuye cyo kuzuza kugirango wirinde imvururu, ariko kandi imwe ibara imbaraga zishobora gukomera zitandukanye. Kwigana kubara byahindutse umukino uhindura hano, ariko ntabwo ari amasasu. Uracyakeneye ubushishozi bufatika kugirango usobanure ibisubizo kandi uhindure ibintu-byukuri bihinduka nkumucanga muto utandukanijwe.
Ndibuka prototyping igifuniko cya gearbox mumashanyarazi. Kwigana byasaga neza - kuzura byari byoroshye, ibiryo byari bifite ubunini buhagije. Ariko mu musaruro, twakomeje kubona ububobere buke mu gice kinini. Kwigana byafashe ubukonje bwiza. Mubyukuri, uburyo bwihuse bwo kubumba byasobanuraga ko ibishushanyo byari bishyushye gato uhereye kumasuka yabanjirije, bigahindura igihe cyo gukomera kwaho. Gukosora ntibyari kugabanya umuvuduko; kwari ukongeramo akantu gato, gukonjesha hanze kuri kariya gace kihariye. Igisubizo cyari cyoroshye, ariko kugisuzuma byasabye gukuramo ibice byuburyo bwihuse kugirango ubone ibidukikije byubushyuhe. Igihe cyabitswe mububiko kirashobora gutakara mugutunganya niba ubwiza bwimbere budahari.
Iyi sano ihuza ibikorwa bya kabiri. Inzira yihuse rwose ibona gutunganya nkigice cyo gukomeza. Kurugero, QSY ihuriweho na CNC ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ni ikintu gikomeye. Iyo batanze ibice byumucanga, baba basanzwe bashushanya casting hamwe nogukora datum hamwe namafaranga yibigega. Uku guhuza birinda ibintu byose-bikunze kugaragara aho casting yakozwe vuba muruganda ihinduka icyuho mumaduka yimashini kubera uburebure bwurukuta rudahuye cyangwa hejuru ya datum. Akazi kabo hamwe nudukoryo twihariye nka cobalt ishingiye kubishimangira ibi; ntushobora guhita utera ibintu bigoye, bigoye-imashini ivanze hanyuma ugatakaza umwanya ukamenya uburyo bwo kuyifata. Inzira zigomba gufatanyirizwa hamwe.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho: Umuvuduko Wihuta nuwabishoboye
Ntabwo ibinyomoro byose byaremwe bingana kubyara umusaruro byihuse. Ibyuma bisanzwe bikozwe hamwe nicyuma gito cya karubone birababarira. Ariko iyo wimukiye mubice byibyuma-binini cyane, bitagira umwanda, cyangwa urutonde rwa superalloys QSY, umukino urahinduka. Umuvuduko wihuse hano ni muto kubijyanye no gusuka nibindi byinshi hafi yacyo. Ibi bikoresho akenshi bisaba mbere yo gushyushya ibishushanyo, kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo gusuka mu idirishya rifunganye cyane, hamwe na protocole yihariye yo gukonjesha kugirango wirinde gucika cyangwa kutifuzwa.
Kugerageza gukoresha uruziga rusanzwe rwihuta kuri duplex idafite ibyuma, urugero, ni igisubizo cyibiza. Ibintu byinshi bya chromium na molybdenum bituma bikunda gutandukana no gushiraho icyiciro cya kabiri niba gukomera bidacunzwe neza. Urashobora gutanga ifu buri masegonda 90, ariko niba 30% ya casting bisaba kuvura ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa gusana, wabuze. Ubuhanga nyabwo muri guta umucanga byihuse hamwe nibi bikoresho ni ukumenya aho ushobora kwihuta (nko mu nteko rusange cyangwa gutunganya ibishushanyo) n'aho ugomba gukoresha kugenzura nkana (nko gusuka no gukonjesha). Ni injyana, ntabwo ariruka.
Aka ni akandi gace kamenyereye ibintu byimbitse. Uruganda rusanzwe rukora amavuta ashingiye kuri nikel yo gushora imari, nka QSY, azana imitekerereze ikaze mubumenyi bwibintu bifasha ibikorwa byabo byo guta umucanga. Basobanukiwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro nibiranga amazi imbere. Ibi bivuze ko mugihe umukiriya azanye icyifuzo cya prototype yihuse muri 17-4 PH idafite umwanda, barashobora gufata imyanzuro isobanutse kubijyanye nigishushanyo mbonera no gukonjesha kuva kumunsi wambere, bakirinda ikigeragezo-nikosa ryica igihe.
Iyo Byihuse Byihuse: Amasomo Kuva hasi
Ntabwo ikiganiro ari inyangamugayo utavuze kunanirwa. Gukurikirana umuvuduko byatumye habaho amasomo ahenze cyane. Imwe igaragara ni itegeko kuri magana menshi ya convoyeur. Kugirango twuzuze igihe ntarengwa, twemeje inzira ihinnye: dukoresheje umucanga wongeye kugarurwa hamwe nibisanzwe birenze ibisanzwe byaciwe kugirango byihute umusaruro. Igitekerezo cyari uko ibishushanyo byamburwa byoroshye. Ikigaragara ni uko kugabanuka kwimikorere byateje inenge ya gaze hamwe ninkovu zo kwinjira kuri buri casting. Igihe cyakijijwe mu kubumba cyikubye inshuro icumi mu gusukura, gusana gusudira, kandi amaherezo, gusubiramo igice kinini cyo kwiruka. Byari byibukije kwibutsa ko mu guta umucanga, imiterere yumubiri ari sacrosanct. Ntushobora gushuka umucanga.
Undi mutego wa kera ni ugukora cyane hakiri kare. Gushora mumurongo wihuse wo gushushanya kumurongo wibicuruzwa bitaremezwa neza ningaruka nini. Kwikora bisaba guhuza neza mubikoresho by'icyitegererezo, ibipimo fatizo, hamwe n'ubwiza bw'umucanga. Guhinduka kwose guhinduka. Nabonye imirongo yashizwemo aho itsinda ryubwubatsi ryateguye isi nziza, kandi itsinda ryababyaye ryamaranye umwaka kurwana kugirango ibice byukuri bibe byiza. Rimwe na rimwe, igice-cyikora, cyunvikana neza inzira irihuta rwose kuruta iyikora ryuzuye, ryibasiwe nibibazo. Umuvuduko ugomba gukorwa mubyiciro.
Inararibonye zishiraho uburyo bukomeye kuri guta umucanga byihuse. Niyo mpamvu gufatanya nu ruganda rumaze ubunararibonye atari ugusohora gusa; nibijyanye no gukoresha igeragezwa ryabo hamwe nikosa. Isosiyete ifite kuramba kwa QSY nta gushidikanya ko yayoboye ibyo byananiranye kandi iteka amasomo muburyo busanzwe bwo gukora. Iyo bavuze ihinduka ryihuse, bishingiye kuri sisitemu yemejwe, igenzurwa, ntabwo ari ibihe byimashini bizunguruka.
Kwishyira hamwe Reba: Gutera nkumuhuza mumurongo
Ubwanyuma, ibikorwa byihuta cyane byo guta umucanga nibyo bibona inzira ntabwo ari ibintu byihariye ahubwo nkumuhuza wambere murwego rwo gukora. Intego ntabwo isuka vuba gusa; ni ugutanga byihuse igice cyarangiye, gikora. Ibi bisaba kwishyira hamwe. Nigute igishushanyo cya casting cyorohereza guhuza byihuse ku ruganda rwa CNC? Nigute kwihanganira gutondekanye kubutaka budakomeye birinda inzira zidakenewe? Nigute gupakira birinda ibice bya logistique yihuse?
Iyi mitekerereze yuzuye niyo itandukanya iduka ryakazi nabafatanyabikorwa nyabo bakora. Ni itandukaniro riri hagati yo kuvuga yego, turashobora kubikora byihuse kandi yego, turashobora kuyigeza kumurongo winteko byihuse kandi twiteguye gushiraho. Iyanyuma isaba ubushobozi QSY yerekana: ubuhanga bwo gutora bwashyingiwe no gutunganya neza, byose munsi yinzu. Kumucanga wihuse, uku kwishyira hamwe nihuta ryanyuma. Bikuraho gutinda no gutunga urutoki bibaho mugihe cyo gutara no gutunganya bitandukanye.
Noneho, iyo ntekereje guta umucanga byihuse ubungubu, ndatekereza bike kubyerekeranye nisaha yo guhagarara kumurongo wububiko nibindi byinshi bijyanye nigihe ntarengwa uhereye kumurongo ukageza igice. Umuvuduko nyawo wavutse muburyo bukomeye bwubuhanga, kugenzura ibintu bitagoranye, ubumenyi bwimbitse bwibintu, hamwe no gufatana urunana kubikorwa byo hasi. Nuburyo bwihuse bwihuta, bumwe bwubaha fiziki yicyuma n'umucanga. Ikintu cyose gike nukwihuta gusa, kandi murubu bucuruzi, kwihuta ninzira itinda kugera kumurongo.
