Iyo wunvise 'cobalt ishingiye ku mavuta,' ishyirahamwe ryihuse ni ibidukikije bikabije - ibyuma bya moteri yindege, kashe ya turbine, ububiko bwo hejuru. Ibyo ntabwo ari bibi, ariko ni ibitekerezo bigarukira. Mumyaka yanjye nkorana nibi bikoresho byinganda, Nabonye gukosora ubushyuhe buganisha ku guhitamo nabi. Ikibazo nyacyo ntabwo ari uko bashobora gufata ubushyuhe; birabakora gukora neza muri sisitemu hamwe nibindi bikoresho bidasanzwe, bidasanzwe, bijyanye no gusiganwa ku magare yumuriro, gutereta, nigiciro kinini cyo kubona geometrie neza. Nibikoresho bihana ibitekerezo.
Amavuta ntabwo ari yo ntangiriro; Kunanirwa ni
Ntabwo wahisemo gukoresha amavuta ya cobalt. Ubusanzwe uhatirwa. Ingingo rusange yinjira ni kunanirwa kugaruka muri a igice cya mashini bikozwe mu cyuma gikomeye cyangwa se nikel. Ndibuka umukiriya ufite umurongo uhoraho wa caster-umuzingo wabo wo kuyobora, bikozwe mubyuma byo murwego rwohejuru ibyuma, byashize mubyumweru. Ikibazo nticyari ugusebanya gusa; yari ihuriro ry'ubushyuhe buringaniye (hafi 600-700 ° C), okiside, hamwe na stress ya cycle itera micro-gucika. Guhindura kuri cobalt isanzwe ivuye muri kataloge ntabwo byakemuye. Porotype yambere, ikoresheje Co-6 (Stellite 6), yerekanye kwambara neza ariko yacitse munsi yumuriro. Tugomba gusubira inyuma.
Isomo nuko cobalt ishingiye kumuryango mugari. Kuri uwo muzingo, twari dukeneye gushyira mu gaciro. Twimukiye mu kivunge kirimo karubone nyinshi na tungsten kugirango turwanye abrasion, ariko nanone igipimo cya chromium na molybdenum cyahinduwe kugirango ubuzima bwiza bwumuriro. Nicyo gikorwa cyo kuringaniza gisobanura akazi. Impapuro zamakuru ziguha ibintu byibanze, ariko imikoranire muri serivisi nicyo cyingenzi. Ntabwo ugura ibikoresho gusa; urimo gukora idirishya ryimikorere.
Aha niho abafatanyabikorwa bashinze igihe kirekire baba ingirakamaro. Iduka risuka ibyuma gusa ntirizagabanya. Ukeneye kimwe cyunvikana imyitwarire yo gukomera yibi bivanze-uburyo bikunda guturika, uburyo bumva ubushyuhe bwo gusuka. Nakoranye na Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY) kuri prototypes nyinshi. Imyaka mirongo itatu muri shell no gushora imari, kurutonde cobalt nk'umwihariko, bivuze ko bari bazi gukoresha ibishushanyo byashyutswe mbere no kugenzura igipimo cyo gukonjesha impeta ya kashe ya pompe twateje imbere. Icyo gice cyaba cyaracitse ahantu cumi na hamwe iduka ridafite uburambe.
Imashini: Aho ikiguzi nyacyo no kubabara umutwe bihishe
Umuntu wese ahangayikishijwe nigiciro cyibikoresho kuri kilo. Guhangayikishwa cyane ni ikiguzi kuri chip irangiye. Gukora cobalt alloys ninyamaswa zitandukanye. Bakora-vuba. Igikoresho cyijimye cyangwa igipimo cyo kugaburira ibiryo ntabwo kwambara igikoresho gusa; irema uruhu rukomeye kurupapuro rwakazi rutuma inzira ikurikiraho idashoboka, akenshi yangiza igice.
Twize ibi inzira igoye kumurongo wintebe za valve. Gahunda ya CNC yakoraga neza kuri 316 idafite umwanda byari impanuka. Byatumye habaho kuganira hejuru, gushiramo, hamwe nubunini butagaragara. Igisubizo nticyari umuvuduko gusa no kugaburira. Byari uburyo bwuzuye bwo gukoresha ibikoresho: abafite ibikoresho bikaze, amanota ya karbide yihariye afite impande zisharira hamwe na rake nziza, hamwe na coolant yumuvuduko ukabije ugamije cyane cyane guca imicungire yubushyuhe no kwimura chip. Ninzira ihenze, itera.
Aka ni akandi gace aho ubushobozi-bwuzuye bwa serivisi yuwabikoze afite akamaro. Isosiyete nka QSY, ikora byombi gukina na Imashini ya CNC murugo, ifite inyungu zingenzi. Barashobora gushushanya uburyo bwo gukina bakoresheje imashini - bakongeramo amafaranga yingamba zifatika, urebye ingingo zifatika - bityo igice kikaba kiva mubutaka bubi kijya mubice byarangiye hamwe n'amaboko make kandi ibyago bike. Kuri twe, uku kwishyira hamwe kwagabanije igihe cyo kuyobora kuri turbine vane cluster hafi 30% kuko abakanishi nabasore bashinga imishinga bakemuraga ibibazo kuva kumunsi wambere.
Umutego mwiza uhagije no gusimbuza ibikoresho
Hariho igitutu gihoraho cyo gusimbuza. Ntidushobora gukoresha nikel ihendutse ya nikel cyangwa igifuniko cyo hejuru? Rimwe na rimwe, yego. Ariko kenshi, ni ubukungu bwibinyoma. Nagize uruhare mu mushinga wa pompe itunganya imiti aho spec yahamagariye Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy kubera guhuriza hamwe kwangirika hamwe no kurwanya cavitation. Umucuruzi yacuruzaga nikel-umuringa wavanze n'umuringa usobekeranye wa cobalt. Byari bihendutse imbere.
Byarananiranye mu mezi atandatu. Igicucu cyarangiye. Isomo ryari uko kuri dinamike, kwikorera imitwaro ibice bya mashini ukurikije itangazamakuru ryangiza kandi ryangirika, umutungo wa homogenous wa cobalt ikomeye ikomeye ntisimburwa. Substrate na coating bizahora bifite imipaka ishobora kuba intangiriro yo gutsindwa. Urasimbuza akaga kawe, kandi mubisanzwe bisaba ikizamini cyuzuye murwego rwo kubigaragaza, bisaba ibirenze kubikora neza ubwambere.
Iki nigice cyibanze cyigiciro cyagaciro kubahanga. Iyo winjiye hamwe na fondasiyo yerekana urutonde rwihariye nkubushobozi bwibanze, nkuko ubibona Urubuga rwa QSY, ntabwo urimo kugera ku ziko ryabo gusa. Urimo kugera kumyaka mirongo itatu yo guca urubanza igihe ibyo bikoresho bikenewe nigihe bishobora kuba birenze urugero. Iyo nama yatetse mubikorwa.
Urubanza mu ngingo: Intsinzi n'ikibazo gitinze
Intsinzi igaragara ni ugushiraho amasahani yo kwambara kumashanyarazi ashyushye mumashanyarazi. Ibidukikije byari ubugome: guhura rimwe na rimwe nicyuma 900 ° C, gukonjesha amazi, no kwambara nabi. Twakoresheje cobalt ivanze nubunini bwa karbide. Igikorwa cyo gukina hifashishijwe ibishushanyo mbonera kuri QSY byari urufunguzo-byaduhaye ituze ryurwego hamwe nubuso burangiye bukenewe kubice ahanini byari net-net, bigabanya imashini zihenze kuri ubwo buso bukomeye. Ibice byarenze igisubizo kibanziriza ibintu bitanu. Iyo niyo ntsinzi wirukanye.
Ariko ntabwo inkuru zose zifite isuku. Duherutse kugerageza ibishya, nyirubwite cobalt alloy kubikoresho byo hasi. Yasezeranije kwihanganira kwambara bidasanzwe. Muri laboratoire, yari nziza cyane. Mu murima, yamenaguye ku mutwaro wambere wo hejuru. Post-mortem yerekanye ikibazo hamwe nuburinganire bwimiterere itagaragara mubizamini bisanzwe bya ASTM. Yashyizeho umushinga inyuma y'amezi. Nukwibutsa ko hamwe nibikoresho byateye imbere, ntakindi gisimbuza isi-nyayo, porogaramu yihariye yo kwemeza. Ubumenyi bwibintu ni kimwe cya kabiri cyinkuru.
Kureba Imbere: Inyongera hamwe na Geometrie
Umuntu wese avuga kubyerekeye gukora inyongeramusaruro kuriyi mavuta. Ifite amasezerano kuri geometrike idashoboka - imiyoboro ikonjesha imbere, imiterere ya lattice. Ariko kuri ubu, kuri byinshi-binini cyane, byizewe cyane cobalt ibice, gukina biracyari umwami. Ubusugire bwa metallurgical hamwe na isotropic biranga igice cyashizwe neza biragoye gutsinda hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bushobora kumenyekanisha ubwoko bushya bwinenge.
Ibyo byavuzwe, turabikurikiranira hafi. Ubushobozi bwo gucapa hafi-net-shusho yerekana prefegitura ya peteroli igoye hanyuma ukayirangiza ukoresheje imashini ya CNC itomoye ishobora kuba umukino uhindura. Byagabanya imyanda yibintu kuburyo bugaragara. Ibigo bimaze kumenya neza gukina no gutunganya, nkikipe yo muri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ihagaze neza kugirango ihuze tekinoloji iyo ikuze kubintu bikomeye. Ubunararibonye bwabo hamwe nimyitwarire yibikoresho haba mumazi kandi akomeye nubumenyi bwibanze ukeneye kugenzura inzira nshya.
None, ibyo bidusiga he? Amavuta ya Cobalt ntabwo ari amasasu. Nigikoresho cyihariye. Urufunguzo rwo kubikoresha neza ni ugutangirana nuburyo bwo kunanirwa, kubaha ubuhanga bwo gukora no gutunganya, no gufatanya nabahimbyi bafite inkovu kugirango bagaragaze ko bazi ibyo bakora. Intego ntabwo ari ugukora igice gusa kivanze neza; ni ugukora ikintu kibura muri serivisi yizewe, idahagarikwa. Nicyo gipimo nyacyo cyo gutsinda.
