Urabona 304L ibyuma bitagira umwanda kumpapuro nyinshi zidasanzwe, ni urusaku rwinyuma. Ubwoko bwa karubone nkeya ya 304, nziza yo gusudira, irwanya ruswa - abantu bose barabizi, sibyo? Ngiyo umutego wambere. Mu myitozo, ikinyuranyo hagati ya ASTM nuburyo yitwara mubyukuri cyangwa ku iduka ryimashini niho imirimo nyayo ibera. Nabonye imishinga myinshi isitara kuko umuntu yatoye agasanduku kuri 304L gusa atatekereje kumiterere nyayo, ubushyuhe, cyangwa mubyukuri bizagaragara. Ntabwo ari amasasu; nibikoresho hamwe nibisambo wiga mugukuraho amaboko.
L ntabwo ari ibaruwa gusa
Umuntu wese yibanze kubirimo karubone, max 0.03%, kugirango yirinde kugwa kwa karbide mugihe cyo gusudira. Icyo ni igitabo. Ariko mu gushora imari, aribyo umutsima n'amavuta kuri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), L bisobanura ikindi kintu mugihe cyo gusuka. Gushonga bitwara ukundi. Nubunebwe buke, amazi make ugereranije nibisanzwe 304. Niba sisitemu yawe yo gutambuka no kuzamuka igenewe ibintu biranga 304, ushobora kurangiza ufite ibibazo bibi cyangwa kugabanuka mubice binini hamwe na 304L. Nibintu byoroshye, ariko biguhatira guhindura imiterere ninzira. Ibi twabyize hakiri kare, ntabwo twifashishije imfashanyigisho, ahubwo twifashishije igice cyimibiri ya valve yagombaga gukurwaho.
Noneho hariho kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo guta. Gukemura igisubizo birakomeye, ariko idirishya ryubushyuhe ryumva rikomeye. Ufite intego yo gushonga karbide iyo ari yo yose hanyuma ugasubiza karbide ya chromium mugisubizo, ariko ntushobora no kuyipima cyane. Turayikoresha mubisanzwe hagati ya ° C, ikurikirwa no kuzimya byihuse. Kuzimya ibintu byingenzi nabyo. Amazi arakaze kandi arashobora kugoreka ibintu bigoye, bikikijwe n'inkuta; rimwe na rimwe duhitamo kuzimya ikirere ku gahato kubice byinshi byoroshye. Numuhamagaro wurubanza ushingiye kubice bya geometrie, ikintu wubaka ukumva mugihe runaka.
No gusudira? Nibyo, birashoboka cyane. Ariko muri twe Imashini ya CNC nishami rirangiza, akenshi tubona ibice bikenera gusanwa cyangwa guterana. Weld ubwayo irashobora kuba nziza, ariko zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe (HAZ) kuri 304L, nubwo irwanya ubukangurambaga, irashobora kugira impinduka za microstructural zigira ingaruka kumurwango waho niba utitondeye kugenzura ubushyuhe bwimiterere. Nibyiza, ariko ntabwo bidashoboka. Uracyakeneye gusudira wumva ibikoresho, ntabwo ari inzira gusa.
Imashini 304L: Gummy Ukuri
Aha niho inyigisho ihura nigikoresho cyo gukata, akenshi hamwe na screech itengushye. 304L izwiho gukomera ku kazi. Niba igikoresho cyawe kidakaze, niba ibiryo byawe n'umuvuduko wawe byazimye, cyangwa niba utuye nubwo akanya gato, uzakomera hejuru, bigatuma ubutaha butambuka nabi. Ntabwo ikata neza; ikunda gukora swarf ndende, ikomye ibyo birababaza kandi byangiza umutekano.
Twakemuye amategeko make mumaduka yacu. Rake geometrie nziza, ntakibazo. Shyiramo karbide ikarishye, twagize ibisubizo byiza hamwe na AlTiN. Ibiryo bihoraho, bikabije. Ntushobora kugira ubwoba; ugomba kubona munsi yakazi-gakomeye. Coolant ntishobora kuganirwaho, kandi byinshi, ntabwo ari ugukonja gusa ahubwo bifasha kumena chip. Dukoresha umuvuduko wo hasi kurenza uko ushobora gukoresha ibyuma bya karubone bisanzwe, ariko hamwe nigipimo kinini cyo kugaburira. Nigikorwa kiringaniye uhindura kuri buri murimo wihariye. Inzu ya pompe igoye ifite imashini zinkuta zoroshye zitandukanye na flange ikomeye.
Ikibi cyane iyo ubonye casting hamwe nubukomezi budahuye. Rimwe na rimwe, kubera itandukaniro rito mubipimo byo gukonjesha muburyo, urashobora kubona ibibanza bigoye kurenza ibindi. Igikoresho cyawe kirimo kuvuza hamwe, hanyuma gitunguranye kiraganira kandi kirashya. Ugomba guhagarara, kugenzura, birashoboka ndetse no guhuza igice cyose niba ari kibi. Ninimpamvu imwe ituma kugenzura inzira kuva gushonga kugeza kuvura ubushyuhe ari ngombwa. Isosiyete nka QSY, hamwe na mirongo Igikonoshwa na gushora imari, yubaka ubwo bumenyi bwinzego mubikorwa kugirango agabanye ibyo bihinduka, ariko ibitunguranye biracyabaho.
Ruswa: Byerekeranye nibidukikije, ntabwo ari amanota gusa
Iki nicyo gitekerezo kinini. Abantu bagaragaza 304L yo kurwanya ruswa nkijambo ryuzuye. Ariko ruswa bwoko ki? Ikirere? Nibyo, nibyiza. Imiti yoroheje? Birashoboka. Ariko nabonye kunanirwa mubidukikije, bibi.
Chloride ni arch-nemezi. Ndetse no mubushyuhe bwicyumba, ion ya chloride irashobora gutera umwobo no kwangirika. Twatanze ibikoresho bigera kuri 304L kumurongo wamazi adakomeye. Basaga neza umwaka umwe, hanyuma batangira kuva mumyobo ya pinprick munsi yumutego wokwirinda aho amazi yakusanyirijwe. Ibikoresho byagombaga gutondekwa, ariko ibidukikije byari bibi. Kubwibyo, ugomba gusimbuka kuri 316L hamwe na molybdenum. Isomo ntabwo ryerekeranye nubwiza bwibyuma; byari bijyanye na injeniyeri yo gusaba.
Noneho habaho kwangirika hagati. Urwego L rurinda gusudira, ariko niba igice gifashwe mu ntera ya 450-850 ° C igihe kinini cyane mugihe cya serivisi - vuga, hafi yubushyuhe - ubukangurambaga burashobora kugaragara mugihe runaka. Nukunanirwa buhoro. Ugomba gutekereza kubijyanye nubuzima bwose bwibigize, ntabwo ari uburyo bwakozwe gusa.
Alloy Nuance mububiko bwibikoresho byinshi
Gukorera mumwanya nkuwacu kuri QSY, aho dukemura byose kuva icyuma Kuri idasanzwe nka nikel-ishingiye, iguha icyerekezo. 304L ntabwo ireba mu bwigunge. Nibice bigize urutonde. Inyungu nini nigiciro kandi kuboneka muri rusange hamwe na nikel yo hejuru. Ariko aho igarukira isobanura umwanya wacyo.
Kurugero, mugihe umukiriya akeneye imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru, turabayobora kure ya 304L yerekeza iwacu nikel. Mugihe bakeneye kurwanya ruswa ikabije mukugabanya acide, birashoboka ko igihe kirageze cobalt. 304L yicaye muri kiriya kibanza cyiza cyibikorwa rusange muri rusange no gukora ibicuruzwa byinshi byinganda-amazu ya pompe, imibiri ya valve, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibiryo, ibyuma byubaka. Ni ifarashi ikora.
Ariko nubwo nk'ifarashi ikora, ibintu bikurikirana bifite akamaro. Turitondera cyane chimie yashonze. Amazi ya sulferi make cyane arashobora kunoza imashini ariko bikababaza kurwanya ruswa. Impirimbanyi iboneye ya silicon irashobora kunoza amazi yo gukina. Nibisobanuro birambuye bitandukanya icyiciro imashini nkamavuta kandi kimara imyaka mirongo nimwe itera umutwe kuva kumunsi wambere.
Kurangiza nta muheto
Noneho, oya, 304L ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa gusa. Nibikoresho ibikorwa byukuri bifunguye (cyangwa bikumirwa) muburyo burambuye. Umunsi urangiye, intsinzi yibigize 304L biterwa cyane nubushakashatsi bwakozwe, ubuhanga bwumukanishi, hamwe n’ibidukikije bya injeniyeri nkuko bikorwa ku nama ya chimie ASTM A743. Nubufatanye hagati yibikoresho nuwabikoze. Ntushobora kubitumiza kurutonde gusa no gutegereza gutungana. Ugomba gusobanukirwa imiterere yacyo, imyumvire yayo, kandi ukubaha imbibi zayo. Nibyo imyaka mirongo itatu yo gukina no gutunganya bikwigisha - kubona icyuma, atari umubare gusa.
