Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'gravit cast fer,' bashushanya ibintu byoroshye bisuka mumucanga. Ngiyo intangiriro rusange, ariko mubikorwa, cyane cyane kubice bikeneye ubunyangamugayo nyabwo, niho bitangirira. Ijambo ubwaryo rirashobora kuyobya uburari - ntabwo rireba ibyuma na rukuruzi gusa; ni ibijyanye no gukomera, gushushanya, no gucunga ibintu biranga ibyuma muburyo ubundi buryo nkumuvuduko ukabije wokupfa kudashobora gukora kubintu bimwe. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi cyane bizana ibintu byerekana 'ibyuma bikozwe mucyuma' hamwe nuburyo bwo guhamagarira 'gravit casting' udasobanukiwe neza n’ubucuruzi. Ibitekerezo akenshi ni inzira ihendutse, ubuhanga buke. Birashobora kubahenze, yego, ariko kubyumva nabi birahenze, kandi kubyumva neza bisaba uburebure bwubumenyi bwibikorwa bidahita bigaragara.
Intego yibikorwa: Ari mubibumbano hamwe nicyuma
Itandukaniro nyaryo mubyiza ritangira kera mbere yuko icyuma gikubita urwego. Ari mubibumbano. Kubishushanyo mbonera, isosiyete ikunda Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ifite uburambe bwimbitse muri, ifumbire ubwayo nigikiza resin-umucanga. Ubuso bwo hejuru buruta umusenyi wicyatsi, kandi uburinganire burakomeye. Ariko kubijyanye no gukwega imbaraga, sisitemu yo kwinjirira - iyo miyoboro iyobora icyuma gishongeshejwe - ni byose. Ntabwo uhatira ibyuma mukibazo; wishingikirije kuri gravit hamwe nigitutu cyikirere kugirango wuzuze urwobo. Niba amarembo yibeshye, ubona amakosa cyangwa imivurungano ikurura okiside mubice, ugakora ingingo zintege nke. Ndibuka icyiciro cyimibiri ya hydraulic ya valve aho twagumye duhora tugabanuka mubice byinshi. Gukosora ntabwo byari ubushyuhe bwo hejuru; yarimo itegura irembo kugirango iteze imbere icyerekezo cyerekeza kuri riser dushobora nyuma guca. Byasabye inshuro eshatu.
Noneho hariho icyuma ubwacyo. 'Shira icyuma' ntabwo ari ikintu kimwe. Kuri gravit casting, icyuma cyumukara (flake grafite) hamwe nicyuma cyuma (spheroidal grafite) nicyo gikunze kugaragara, ariko imyitwarire yabo nisi itandukanye. Icyuma kijimye gifite damping na machinable ariko kiroroshye. Icyuma cyimyanda gifite imbaraga zo hejuru cyane kandi ndende. Guhitamo hagati yabo ntabwo ari kugenzura imashini gusa; bijyanye nuburyo bakomera. Icyuma cyangiza gisaba ubuvuzi bwitondewe mbere yisuka kugirango harebwe imiterere ya grafite mubice. Niba ubwo buvuzi bugenda bugabanuka (ifite 'idirishya' rigarukira), cyangwa niba hari sulfure nyinshi mubyuma fatizo, urabona grafite ya grafite, kandi igice cyacyo kigabanuka. Nibibazo bizima bigenzura igorofa, ntabwo arikintu ushobora kwerekana ku gishushanyo ukibagirwa.
Aha niho ubufatanye bwigihe kirekire bwubufatanye bufite akamaro. Utanga isoko ikora casting na nyuma Imashini ya CNC, nkuko QSY ibikora, ifite inyungu zo kubona amajwi neza kuva yatangira. Bazi ko ahantu hakomeye hava icyuma gikonje cyangwa umuyaga wo munsi uzasenya igikoresho cyo gutema mugihe cyo gutunganya, bigahinduka ibintu bisa nkibintu byiza. Inzira zabo zigenzura ibyabo imbaraga za rukuruzi bigira ingaruka itaziguye ishami ryabo ryimashini. Ihatira guhuza ibitekerezo byinganda utajya ubona kuva muruganda rusuka ibyuma gusa.
Aho Gravity Casting Yumva (Kandi Aho Atabikora)
Ntushobora gukoresha imbaraga za rukuruzi zoroshye-urukuta, ibice byinshi byabaguzi. Ako ni agace ko gupfa. Icyerekezo cya Gravity casting niche ni iciriritse kugeza munsi yibice byibice bigoye cyane, bifite ubunini bwurukuta, kandi bisaba ibikoresho byiza bya mashini. Tekereza shingiro ryimashini, amazu ya pompe, imashanyarazi iremereye cyane, cyangwa imitwe minini mubikoresho byinganda. Inzira ituma hakoreshwa umusenyi wo gukora ibice byimbere-ikintu kigoye cyane mugupfa. Kurugero, ikoti ryimbere yimbere ya compressor silindiri umutwe ni umukandida wa kera.
Ariko hariho uburyo bwo kunanirwa nahuye nabyo: kurenza urugero kubikorwa. Ba injeniyeri bamenyereye guhimba ibyuma rimwe na rimwe bazashushanya igice gifite imbavu nini nimbuga kugirango bagabanye ibiro. Muri rukuruzi ya rukuruzi, ibi birashobora kuba impanuka. Ibice bito bikonje cyane, birinda kugaburira neza ibyago, biganisha kumurongo wa micro-shrinkage. Igice gishobora gutsinda igenzura ariko bikananirana mugupima igitutu cyangwa muri serivisi. Isomo ni uko gushushanya imbaraga za rukuruzi zicyuma bisaba gusobanukirwa imipaka yashizweho - byibuze byibuze byateganijwe kurukuta, uburyo bwo guhinduka hagati yibice binini kandi bito, n'aho washyira imbaraga. Nibikorwa byubufatanye, ntabwo byanditse gusa kurukuta.
Indi ngingo ifatika ni ibikorwa nyuma yo gukina. Hafi ya byose imbaraga za rukuruzi bizakenera gutunganyirizwa mumaso yo guhuza, umwobo wa bolt, hamwe no gufunga hejuru. Uruhu rushyizweho rurakomeye. Uruganda rufite intego Imashini ya CNC ubushobozi, nkuko bigaragara mu mwirondoro wa serivisi ya QSY, yongeraho agaciro gakomeye. Bashobora guhuza igice bakoresheje ibintu bya datum biranga, gusobanukirwa gutandukana kwa casting, hamwe nimashini kugeza murwego rwanyuma muburyo bumwe. Ibi bigabanya igihe cyo kuyobora kandi bikuraho ibibazo byo guhuza bivuka mugihe cyo gukina no gutunganya bigabanijwe hagati yabacuruzi babiri nta tumanaho.
Ibintu bifatika hamwe n'ikibazo cya Alloy
Mugihe icyuma gisanzwe cyumuhondo kandi gihindagurika gikubiyemo 80% yibikenewe, rimwe na rimwe ukenera ikindi kintu. Aha niho hasuzumwa ubuhanga bwibikoresho byumushinga. QSY kuvuga gukorana na alloys zidasanzwe nka nikel zishingiye kuri nikel zirashimishije muriki gice. Nubwo bidasanzwe kuburemere busanzwe bwibyuma, byerekana ubushobozi bwurwego. Kurugero, igice gishobora kugira umubiri wingenzi wicyuma cyoroshye ariko gisaba intebe cyangwa kwambara hejuru hamwe na ruswa idasanzwe cyangwa irwanya ubushyuhe. Rimwe na rimwe, uruganda rushobora gutanga inama yo gukoresha icyuma kivanze - nka Ni-Resist mu kurwanya ruswa cyangwa ibyuma bya SiMo byangiza ubushyuhe bwo hejuru - aho gusimbukira mubintu bitandukanye, bihenze cyane.
Ikibazo hamwe nibi bikoresho byihariye mu guta imbaraga ni ugutemba no kugabanuka. Nickel ishingiye ku mavuta, urugero, ifite ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo gusuka hamwe nuburyo bukomeye kuruta icyuma. Kubisuka mubibumbano byumucanga byagenewe ibyuma birashobora gutuma umuntu akora nabi cyangwa agashushe gashyushye niba ibishushanyo mbonera hamwe nigipimo cyo gukonjesha bidahinduwe. Ntabwo ari inzira uhindura kubushake; bisaba iterambere ryihariye. Ubu ni ubwoko bwubushobozi butandukanye butandukanya akazi-iduka ryumushinga nabafatanyabikorwa tekinike. Irerekana ko bafite ibikoresho kugirango bakemure ibibazo bitari bisanzwe, akenshi bituruka kubintu nyabyo byananiranye kubikoresho bisanzwe.
Kubikorwa byinshi, nubwo, gukomera kumurongo mwiza wicyuma ninzira yubwenge. Ububiko bwibikoresho ni byinshi, ibipimo byo gutunganya birazwi, kandi ibiciro birateganijwe. Urufunguzo ni ukugaragaza amanota neza ku gishushanyo: ntabwo ari ASTM A48 Icyiciro cya 35 gusa, ahubwo na microstructure isabwa, kuvura ubushyuhe bushoboka (nko kugabanya imihangayiko nyuma yo guterwa, bikaba ari ngombwa kugirango habeho umutekano muke), hamwe nikizamini kidasanzwe nko kugenzura amaradiyo kubice bikomeye. Ibi bisobanutse birinda kudasobanuka kandi byemeza ko umushinga-waba QSY cyangwa undi - uzi neza umurongo bakeneye guhura.
Ibyiza byo Kwishyira hamwe: Kuva Mububiko kugeza Byarangiye Igice
Gutekereza kumurongo wuzuye, imikorere nyayo mugutanga umusaruro wizewe imbaraga za rukuruzi biva muburyo bwo guhuza. Iyo urwego rumwe rugenzura imiterere / ibishushanyo, gushonga no gusuka, kuvura ubushyuhe, hamwe no gutunganya neza, ibisubizo byatanzwe ni bigufi. Umukanishi uhuye nikintu gikomeye arashobora gusubira kumuyobozi washinze akabereka. Bashobora gufatanya kumenya niba arikibazo cyaho gikonje uhereye kubibumbano cyangwa kutubahiriza metallurgji. Uku gukemura ibibazo gufatanya ntibishoboka hamwe nuduce twatandukanijwe aho buri shyaka rishinja undi.
Isosiyete yavuze amateka yimyaka 30 mu gukina no gutunganya, nka QSY, ivuga mu buryo butaziguye uku kwishyira hamwe. Muri icyo gihe cyagenwe, nta gushidikanya ko babonye inenge zose zishoboka nuburyo bwo gutsindwa. Ubwo bumenyi bwinzego busobanura muburyo bwiza bwo gutegura gahunda. Bazi, nkurugero, uburyo bwo kwerekera igice kitoroshye muburyo bwo kugabanya kugabanuka muri zone zikomeye, cyangwa uburyo bwo gushushanya ibice byerekana nkibishushanyo mbonera kugirango habeho kuvanaho ibicuruzwa ahantu heza. Ubu ntabwo ari ubumenyi bwibitabo; ni ubumenyi bwamoko bwungutse mumyaka mirongo yo gukora ibice, gusiba bimwe, no kwiga impamvu.
Kuri injeniyeri ushakisha ibi bice, iyi ni ibintu bifatika ushaka. Ntabwo ari ukubona amagambo kuri kilo gusa. Nukwishora hamwe nuwabitanze abaza ibibazo bijyanye numurimo wigice, imiterere yumutwaro, hamwe ninteruro hamwe nibindi bice. Bashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyo kongeramo umushinga muto wabuze, cyangwa bagasaba radiyo nini kurenza inguni yawe ityaye kugirango wirinde guhangayikishwa no kunoza ibyuzuye. Iki kiganiro, gishinze imizi muburambe bufatika bwo gukora, nicyo gihindura igishushanyo gikomeye, cyakozwe, kandi cyizewe rukuruzi Ibigize. Ihindura umubano uva mubikorwa no gufatanya, amaherezo, nuburyo ugabanya ingaruka kandi ukemeza ko umushinga ugenda neza.
Kurangiza Ibitekerezo: Inzira yo Kunyuranya
Imbaraga rukuruzi zicyuma ntizigera zigira aura yaka cyane, yubuhanga buhanitse bwo gukora inyongeramusaruro cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi wo gupfa. Ni inzira ikuze. Ariko agaciro kayo kari muburyo bworoshye, ibintu bifatika, kandi, iyo bikozwe nubuhanga, guhuza bidasanzwe. Intego ntabwo ari ugutungana muri abstract; ni ukugera ku buringanire bukwiye bwigiciro, imikorere, no kuyobora igihe kubikorwa byinganda. Imitego - igishushanyo mbonera, kuvura ibintu nabi, kugaburira bidahagije - byose birazwi kandi birashobora gucungwa no kugenzura ibintu bikomeye.
Kwifata kubantu bose bagaragaza ibice ni ukureba ibirenze ubushobozi bwibanze kurutonde. Shakisha ibimenyetso byuburyo bugenzurwa, kuva metallurgie kugeza gutunganya. Shakisha amateka yerekana ubwimbike bwo gukemura ibibazo. Kandi icy'ingenzi, fata hakiri kare. Fata ibishingwe nkabafatanya bikorwa, ntabwo ari umucuruzi gusa. Sangira ibyifuzo bikenewe kandi ufungure ibyifuzo byabo kubijyanye no guhindura ibishushanyo mbonera. Ubwo bufatanye nuburemere nyabwo bukurura igishushanyo cyiza mubice byatsinze, biramba.
Mw'isi yihutira kugana ibisubizo bya digitale kandi byikora, haracyari umwanya wibanze kuri iki kigereranyo, ubushyuhe-nicyuma. Nibyerekeye gusobanukirwa no gukoresha imyitwarire isanzwe yibintu uko ihindura leta. Kubyumva neza birasa nkintsinzi yubuhanga buhanitse kandi bisa nkubukorikori bukorwa - muburyo bwinshi, buracyahari.
